SU1257766A1 - Three-phase pole-changeable winding for two numbers of pole couples - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrical engineering, can be used in asynchronous short-circuited motors. The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of application by obtaining the numbers of pairs of poles 2: 5. The winding is made double-layered with a whole number of coils per phase zone with a width of 21 | / 3 happy. The winding consists of coils connected in nine parts, and three three-pole switches with three groups of terminals, each with three terminals. The first part includes in series the coil groups with numbers 1, 2, 19, 20; coil groups are similarly included in other parts: in the second - 3, 4, 16; in the third - 5, 17, 18; in the fourth - 7, 8, 25; in fifth, 9, 10, 21, 22; in the sixth - 6, 23, 25; in the seventh - 13, 14, 26; on the eighth - 15, 27, 28; in the ninth, P, 12, 29, 30. Such a winding, when connected to a three-phase network, creates in the air gap a magnetic field that grows in the same direction as for the number of poles equal to two, but with a different angular velocity. 4 il. 2 tab. (Oh (L

Description

The invention relates to electric mats and can be applied in asynchronous short-circuited electric motors with stepped angular velocity control by switching the number of pairs of pole windings, in particular in asynchronous drives of wheel pairs, metro escalators, compressor compressors, and pumps on locomotives.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the field of application of a winding by fulfilling the ratio of the numbers of pairs of poles 2: 5.

FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of the proposed winding with, in FIG. 2, a vector diagram of the slot EMF of the winding with P 2; in fig. 3 - the same as in FIG. 4 - scan winding.

FIG. 1 411, 412, 413, 421, 422, 423, 431, 4 32, 433 denote the numbers of nine winding parts, П1 and П2 - three-pole switches (switching contactors), which are used to switch the number of pole pairs, and ПЗ - switch designed to change the phase coupling scheme.

The upper position of the switches corresponds to turning on the winding for 2 pairs of poles (P, 2), and the lower position for 5 pairs of poles (P 5). The composition of phases A, B, C for different numbers of pairs of poles includes Coil groups listed in Table. one.

In the transition from the scheme with P, 2 to the scheme with P 5, parts 411, 422, 433 remain in the composition of the previous phases, parts 412, 423, 431 are switched to adjacent phases on the right (from phase A to phase B, i-bc and C-bA), portions 413, 421, 432 are switched to adjacent phases on the left (from phase A to phase C, from C-to & B-bA).

Thus, with the upper position of the switches, the maximum amplitude value of the spatial harmonic of the MDS with a period of 2 ° C and IB / 2 is obtained, i.e. the winding creates a rotating field with two pairs of poles (P, 2), and with the lower position of the switches, the maximum amplitude of the spatial harmonic MDS with a period of 2 (: i; D / 5, i.e., the winding creates a rotating field with 5 pairs of poles ( With P (2, the phases of the winding are connected to a triangle, with P, j 5 - into a star.

FIG. 2 and 3 numbers 1 - 30

the numbers of the coils are marked, to which the corresponding EMF vectors belong, and one, two, and three strokes mark the EMF of the coils,

entering phases A, B and C, respectively. The proposed winding with both numbers of pairs of poles is symmetrical, has the same phase zones with a width of el. glad.,

as well as the same number of identically included coils under different poles, i.e. the winding is intact and does not create low harmonics MDS. FIG. 4 numbers 1 - 30 designate the numbers of the slots, and the letters H and K - the beginning and the ends of 9 corresponding winding parts.

The proposed winding works as follows.

When switches P1, P2 and PZ are installed in the position indicated by P, the circuits between the upper and middle contacts of the switches are closed and the coil groups are distributed in phases A, & and C, as indicated in table. 1. When a winding is connected to a three-phase network, sinusoidal currents flow through it and the winding creates a magnetic field with two pairs of poles in the air gap of the induction motor. When switches P1, P2 and PZ are installed in the position indicated by P, the circuits between the lower and middle contacts of the switches are closed and the coil groups are distributed in phases A, & and C windings, as indicated in table. 1. When turned on in a three-phase network, such a winding creates in the air gap a magnetic field rotating in the same direction as with, but with a different angular velocity, as a result of which the stepped control of the angular velocity of the engine is ensured.

Comparing pole-switching windings Produced by the following parameters:

 according to the energy characteristics of an asynchronous motor with a winding of this type, which are estimated by the permissible values of the values of K, the net power P

and the coefficient of proportionality in the formula of the moment of load of the fan type (. p) with the same

H

 permissible values of induction in air 1 gap (Bff g ,,.) current density in conduct winding, acceptable according to the conditions of heating. In this case, the permissible load (M const or P const. Or. O) is taken

 M

the minimum of its two values corresponding to different numbers of pairs of poles; .

- by the filtering properties of the winding, which are estimated by the relative values of the winding coefficient

eHTOE K R f--,., 3 ,, .. or with- . KOJ,

the power of the differential coefficient

00

dissipation ..K. o f a Separate- 9-

but the presence of lower spatial harmonics in the MDS F (X) curve, which cause vibrations and noise during operation of the asynh | 5th engine j, reduces its reliability and reduces efficiency;

- according to the complexity of the control circuit j which is estimated by the number of switching devices and the number of pairs of their contacts;

 - in terms of the complexity of manufacturing the winding, judged by the number of different coils included in the winding circuit;

- by the value of the no-load current of the motor, which depends on the product of the winding coefficient and the coefficient of use of the winding IC K, "),.

 From table 2 it is clear that the winding is proposed by the magnitude of the winding coefficient K К and the magnitude of the moment. Ov. one

that M is not inferior to the winding — the prototype, although it differs in the number of pole pairs — on the second turn on (,

The absence of lower hermonics in the MDS curve and significantly lower values of the differential-diffusion coefficient allows the motor with the proposed winding to significantly attenuate vibrations and noise, as well as losses from parasitic harmonics of MDS, which makes it possible to use the proposed winding in motors of any power. An increase in engine power is observed in constant-power drives and a decrease in motor power.

 20

25

577664

engine idling thanks to the magnitude of the winding ratio. enta.

In addition, the proposed winding 5 provides a much better use of the engine in constant current and constant power engines.

Claims (2)

J10 claims Three-phase alternating winding for two numbers of pairs of poles, double-layered, with an integer number of coils in the total 2 P / 3 el width. rad consisting of identical evenly distributed coils connected in nine parts 411, 422, 433, 412, 423, 431, 413, 421, 432 and two three-pole switches, each. which has 3 groups of terminals, 3 terminals in each group - upper, middle and lower, and forms. in each group, one circuit between the middle and upper (at) or between the middle and lower (at) terminals, with the beginning of the parts with numbers 411, 422, 433 are connected to - external winding terminals A, 8 and C, respectively, and their ends are connected to the first, second and third upper terminals of the first switch, the beginning of the parts numbered 412, 423, 431 and are connected to the first, second and third the middle pins of the first switch, and their crisps - with the first, second, and third upper pins mi second switch-. chatel, beginning of parts with numbers 413, 421, 432 are connected to the first, second and third middle pins 0 of the second switch, in addition, each switch is equipped with jumpers connecting the first lower to the second upper, the second lower -. with the third upper and third upper - 5 with the first upper conclusions, characterized in that, with a view. expanding the field of application by performing a 2: 5 ratio of poles, the winding is equipped with a third three-pole switch and is made of 30 coil groups, each S sequentially according to the included coils, the coil groups numbered 1, 2, 19, 20 included sequentially-according in part with number P1.1; coil groups with numbers 3, 4, 16 are included similarly in the part with number 412; reel thirty   . Groups C - numbers 5, 17, 18 are included similarly in the part with numbers 413 coil groups with numbers 7 ,. 8, 25 are included similarly in the part with the number of om 421; coil groups with numbers 9, 10, 21, 22 are included similarly in the part with numbers 422; coil groups with numbers 6, 23, 24 are included similarly in the part with number 423; coil groups with numbers 13, 14, 26 are included similarly in the part with number 431; coil groups with numbers 15 27, 28 including 2577666 chen to part 432; .coles; 11, 12, 29, and 30 included groups similarly in the part with the number (rum 433; the first, second and third, 5 middle pins of the third switch are connected to the co1 {cami parts with the measures 413, 431, 432, respectively, The first, second, and third upper pins of the third switch are connected to the external winding pins & C and A, respectively, and the three bottom pins of the third switch are connected together, where is the natural part. 4 number polar pairs, P 2 4 number of slots; Phase y coupling Phase zone, grad180 Symmetry about- .1 hanks: in phases along parallel branches m Control equipment 1 36 2 3, 36 100 120 120 12 Symmet Rich Symmetrical switch off, 2. 3 + 1 Coefficient . distribution 0.704 0.87 Table 1 Table 2. 2 3, 36 5 30 120 120 120 .120 switch 0.831 0.837 0.833 0.860 Pole delegarmokrivoy Lack of availability. (1/5; 7/5 and TO,. 6.9 etc.) 49.5 Note. The denominator contains data for analog winding 2., About t su t with tv cosiness 0.9 2.9 3.2 9.5 13, in nineteen 5.20 25 FIG. 2 d. /, JB, 2nd 2.8, t, 20.26  3.9j5.2f, 27 n29 4111   J Wf "Up mf2 V3f J V2y-I ftitft f." F (V2f Phage. four n29 Compiled A. Ketsaris Editor L. Pchelinska Tehred, L. Serdyukov-. Proofreader S. Cherni n ... - Order 5036/54 Circulation: 63 Subscription: VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow,, Raushsk nab., d, 4/5 Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Design, And