SU1249064A1 - Method of breaking used coolant water-oil emulsion - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the regeneration of lubricants, in particular, to a method of disintegrating used water-oil emulsins, using fc as lubricant-coolants (coolant).

The aim of the invention is to simplify the process by eliminating a whole series of operations, increasing the degree of separation due to the higher selectivity of the slag used, as well as reducing energy costs by eliminating the stages that require long heating to high temperatures and prolonged movement.

Used according to the method the waste slag separated from the product of the melting of waste products obtained by the treatment of aluminum alloys has the following composition, wt.%:

Calcium Oxide CaO

Iron oxide,

2 5

Ferrous sulfate

),

Silicon dioxide

SiOy

MgO MgO

Margande Dioxide

MpO,

Alkmini Oxide

2 °.

Aluminum sulfate A

1.0-1.1 0.01-0.04

0.2--0.3

0.1-0.3 0.7-0.8

0.01-0.1

2.4-3.0 1.0-3.0

.. (SO,), Sodium Chloride Nad30.0-4050

Potassium chloride KC1 50.0-65.0 Potassium chloride is a component whose aqueous solution is a strong electrolyte. The resulting K cations neutralize positive charges on the surface of the oil droplets, which leads to a coalescence of the latter that promotes separation of the emulsion. Sodium chloride also exhibits the properties of a strong electrolyte in an aqueous solution. Its effect on the destruction of an emulsion is similar to potassium chloride. Aluminum sulfate forms, in an aqueous solution, gelatinous bulk sediments of alumina hydrate. This precipitate is capable of rapidly adsorbing oil droplets and solid particles of impurities, thus facilitating separation from the emulsion of the aqueous phase. The entrance, in the composition of the waste slag, alumina when interacting with the processed emulsion forms a hydroxide

)

9064

aluminum and kaolin (

SiO,).

15

20

Both of these compounds fall in the form of gelatinous sediments, which capture water and mechanical impurities, which contributes to the destruction of the emulsion.

The main function of manganese dioxide in the salt complex (waste slag) is to increase the solubility of sodium chloride, which increases the efficiency of separation of the phases of the emulsion. Magnesium oxide contributes to the mechanical destruction of the solvate shells, which accelerates the separation of the emulsion, and, interacting with water, forms a precipitate of magnesium hydroxide, which also promotes the separation of phases. The impact of silicon dioxide in terms of the destruction of the solvation shells is similar to the action of magnesium oxide. In addition, this component of the salt complex is involved in the formation of sodium salts of silicon j, which is an effective coagulant and is one of the most effective agents for breaking an emulsion. Ferrous sulphate is also an effective coagulum for purifying water from impurities. In aqueous solutions, it is intensively hydrolyzed, which makes it possible to enhance the effect of the complex of inorganic salts during phase separation and to increase the efficiency of the process.

thirty

Iron oxide due to the influence of the alkaline environment of the slag in an aqueous solution drops into a gelatinous precipitate, which adsorbs oil and solid particles and thereby accelerates the emulsion. Besides, passage through the emulsion, iron oxide has a mechanical effect on the oil drops, additionally, the process of destruction has been completed.

Calcium oxide in contact with water forms a hydroxide precipitating into a gelatinous hydrophilic precipitate. Contributes to the destruction of the emulsion by accelerating the release of the aqueous phase.

The introduction of oval slag into the emulsion in an amount of less than 15% of the mass of the latter leads to a decrease in the reliability of separation into the oil and water phases and forces an increase in the processing time of the emulsion until its destruction. In the case of the introduction of slag in the form of an aqueous solution, a reduction in the

31

concentrations of the solution to values below 13%.

Increasing the amount of slag injected in excess of 40% by weight of the emulsion does not guarantee the reliability of separation, but it is associated with the dissolution of the undissolved part of the slag in the form of a hard-to-remove sediment, which reduces the productivity of the process. Similarly, an increase in the concentration of an aqueous solution of slag over 36% affects

It is advisable to use waste slag with a particle size of 0.05-10 mm.

The introduction of waste slag in the form of particles of a fraction less than 0.05 mm does not contribute to an increase in the productivity of the separation of the emulsion into the oil and water phases, but only leads to a decrease in the reliability of this separation, since under these conditions stabilization of the emulsion can occur. Increasing the particle size of slag in excess of 10 mm leads to a decrease in the contact surface of the reagent with the emulsion and thus reduces the performance and reliability of separation into Aases.

The raw materials for remelting are chips, low-grade cropped cookies or other waste products obtained by cutting or pressure on aluminum alloys.

Melting of the main product (waste products) is performed using a liquid submelt. The liquid underfloor will weld in the amount of 40-50% of the capacity of the bath from bulky waste, ingots and waste intended for loading on a dry hearth. The temperature of the underfloor should be within 760-780 C. A change of the underfloor from the subsequent bottom cleaning is carried out if the iron content exceeds 0.7% in two heats being prepared one after the other.

Waste is loaded into a furnace with a capacity of 20–25 tons, in bulk, in the form of briquetted chips, scraps are made directly into the melt. At the end of the waste load in the furnace load coating flux composition, wt.% :.

Silvinit (NaCl,

KS) 40-45

Potassium chloride

(KC1) -55-60

ten

15

20

25

Patron flux is used to reduce carbon loss and metal content in waste slag.

Salt flux salts are loaded into the furnace both in mixed form and separately, but in compliance with the specified proportion; both salts must be charged simultaneously.

To conditionally melt aluminum alloys, refining fluxes of composition are used, wt%: Cryolite12

Chloride sodium 38 Potassium chloride 50 After melting the flux, the metal is thoroughly mixed, kept for 10-20 minutes to release the metal from the slag.

After this, the slag is separated into a special container. Slag containing up to 4% of metal is considered dumped after separation from the slag of metal deposited on the bottom of the vessel during solidification. The metal is drained into the ladle by siphon at 760-780 ° C, and from the ladle the metal is drained into molds to produce ingots.

For testing, a used emulsion was used, the initial g-residue of which 1 (fresh emulsion) is given below, wt.%

Industrial transformer oil20-25

35 Oleic acid 2.0-2.4 Triethanolamine 1.0-1.2 Water up to 100

The composition of the spent emulsion, may.%:

 О A mixture of partially oxidized industrial oils (transformer and spindle) 20-30 45 Triethanolamine oleate0, 5-2.0

Aluminum oleate 0.5-1.0 Products of abrasion rolled strip during rolling 0 Highly dispersed

aluminum particles 0.15-0.2 Water Up to 100

In the implementation of the proposed method, the quantities of slag and emulsion used, the temperature, the duration of mixing, (where it was produced: 1), the duration of sludge, the amount of

of the separated oil product (oil). In addition, a visual assessment of the separated phases is carried out and the qualitative characteristics of the obtained oil products are assessed.

The results of the implementation of the method in examples 1-4 are given in table. 1 and 2,

Example 1. A mixture of a waste cooling lubricant prepared on the basis of SP-3 grease from hot and cold rolling mills of aluminum alloys, taken in an amount of 2.0 tons, was treated with waste slag remelting waste aluminum alloys, pre-crushed to fractions of 0.05, 5.0 and 10.0 m and taken in an amount of 0.3 t (15 wt.%), 0.6 and 0.8 t (respectively, 30 and 40 wt.%); the emulsion was processed at 20 and 80 ° C and the duration of stirring for 30 minutes, or without stirring.

Example 2: Dump slag, crushed to the boundary values of fractions of 0.05 and -10.0 mm, is poured into a container for preparing an aqueous solution of a concentration of 36 and 13% by weight. For this purpose, crushed slag in the amount of: 2 tons in the tank with water in the amount of 2 tons: 1st variant — 0.8 tons; 2nd variant - 0.3 tonnes. In each variant, waste slag with a fraction of 0.05 and 10.0 mm is used to prepare the solution.

The specified amounts of slag are dissolved in water at 50-60 ° C and, respectively, solutions of concentrations of 36 and 13% by weight are obtained.

The obtained solutions are pumped by the pump in a tank with used lubricant cooling, with an emulsion prepared on the basis of SP-3 grease from hot and cold rolling of aluminum alloys. In this case, for 2 tons of spent emulsion, they take: Option 1 - 2.72 tons of the solution obtained, concentration of 36% by weight; Option 2 - 2.27 g of a solution concentration of 13%. The separation of the emulsion is carried out in each variant at 20 and 80 ° C. In each variant, a solution is used to prepare a slag dump for remelting aluminum alloys of the indicated fractions. Re

,

u 5 20

25 so

,

five

0

mixing the spent emulsion with the salt solution of waste slag is carried out for 15 minutes. Further, the mixing is switched off and the sludge is produced for a period of 10-12 hours. As a result of this treatment, the spent emulsion is separated into oil and water phases. The results of the separation are presented in table. 1. Example 3, Known method. A mixture of used coolant; her emulsion, prepared on the basis of the lubricant SP-3 from mills

The second and the cold rolling of aluminum alloys, taken in an amount of 2.0 tons, is treated with sodium chloride in an amount of 0.16 tons (after heating) and brought to a boil (solution temperature is 110 and 105 ° C), after complete dissolution of the sodium chloride alloys. salts injected heptahydrate / iron sulfate in an amount of 0.04 tons (2 wt.%) and purge with compressed air. Boiling takes 3 and 4 hours, after the expiration of this time, the air blowing is stopped and the heating is turned off. The separation of petroleum products occurred after 16-24 hours.

The analysis of the results of the experiments performed (tab. 1) showed that the use of the proposed waste slag makes it possible to effectively separate the used coolant-lubricating emulsion. A clear, colorless filtrate is formed and petroleum products are released. As can be seen from the table. 1, the fractional composition and amount of slag used affects the effect of emulsion separation, an increase in the slag fraction leads to a decrease in the separation of the oil product. The same picture is observed with increasing amount of reagent. In addition, an increase in temperature and mixing time leads to a decrease in the separation of petroleum products and an increase in sludge time.

The known method of separation of an emulsion (example 3), where sodium chloride and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate are used, does not produce a substantial effect of emulsion separation when boiling for at least 3 hours.

0.05 15.0

5.0

15.0

ten

25

0.05 25

5.0 40

20900

80900

110180

105240

T a b l and c a I

Transparent colorless filtrate with an oil content of 3-8 mg / l

Transparent, colorless filtrate with an oil content of 5-10 mg / l

25

21

5 3

Low turbidity, whitish emulsion

Offer

3-6

0.7

Known1, 5-8,0 0,8

0.05 80 180 345 0.5-5.0 0.55 0.3-0.08 0.2-1.1 60 165 380 3-30 0.5-1.0 1.0-2.5

Editor P. Cossey

Compiled by E. Ponomareva

Tehred V. Kadar Proofreader M. Demchik

Order 4202/27 Circulation 482

VNSHPI State Committee of the USSR

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, L {-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

table 2

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Claims (2)

1. METHOD OF DESTRUCTION OF THE WASTE OIL-OIL EMULSION OF THE LUBRICANT-COOLING LIQUID by treating it with an inorganic salt followed by separation of the oil and water phases by settling, characterized in that, in order to simplify the method, increase the degree of separation and reduce energy consumption, the inorganic salt is used as an inorganic salt isolated from the product of remelting. waste products obtained by processing aluminum alloys in the amount of 1540% by weight of the emulsion. 2. The method of pop. 1, about t l "; which is due to the fact that dump slag is used in the form of a 13-36% aqueous solution. g SU ,,, 1249064 A1 1 I