SU1243280A1 - Device for forming and vulcanizing pneumatic tires - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the manufacture of pneumatic tires, it is intended for molding and vulcanizing pokrypiki mainly in multi-position vulcanizers with mobile formatter-rechargers.

The purpose of the invention is improving the quality of manufactured tires.

In FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for molding and vulcanizing tires of pneumatic tires {in FIG. 2 a section A-A of FIG. 1 (traverse with the keys of the formatter-recharger is lowered to its lowest position); in FIG. 3 is a section BB of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 a section BB of FIG. 2j in FIG. 5 is a section GG of FIG. 21 in FIG. 6 is a section DD of FIG. 2 ′ in FIG. 7 is a section EE of FIG. 2; in FIG. 8 is a sectional view FJ of FIG. 2 {in FIG. 9 is a sectional view of FIG. 2 {in FIG. 10 is a hydraulic control diagram of the installation, in FIG. 11 is the same as in FIG. 2, at the moment of pushing the diaphragm * out of the finished tire ”in FIG. 12 is the same as in FIG. 2, at the time of unloading the finished tire from the upper section of the mold; in FIG. 13 - the same as in FIG. 2, at the time of filling the diaphragm into the wet tire; in FIG. 14 is the same as in FIG. 1, at the initial moment of forming the raw tires.

Installation for molding and vulcanization of tires of pneumatic tires contains mounted in a row of vulcanizers 1 and a movable formatter-recharger 2 (Fig. 1).

Each vulcanizer 1 contains two steam chambers installed on the table 3, consisting of upper 4 and lower 5 cases, locked with bayonet locks 6. Molds having steam upper and 7 lower ring sections, radially movable sectors 9, 5 are installed in the steam chambers forming the tread portion of the tire, and axially movable upper side rings 10.

The upper cases 4 pyrovhkh cameras have a locking ring interacting with sectors 9 of the inner conical surface 11..

The lower annular sections 8 of the molds are mounted on the lower bodies 5 of the steam chambers, and in their central holes 15 cylindrical glasses 12 are mounted for receiving elastic diaphragms 13. The diaphragms 13 have valves in the form of metal balls 14.

The upper annular sections 7 presb20 forms are installed with the possibility of axial movement relative to the upper bodies 4 of the steam chambers 4 and are in constant contact with the upper ends of the sectors 9. The movable upper side rings 10 are provided with guide rods 15 (Fig. 2) installed in the guide bushings of the upper ring sections 7 molds.

At the upper end of the upper bead rings 10, latches 16 are installed (Fig. 2 and Fig. 7), for example, permanent magnets that hold the upper bead rings 10 by 3 ° of the supporting surface of the upper ring sections 7 of the mold when there are no vulcanized tires 17 in the molds and aperture 13 with ball 14.

In the central holes of the upper 40 cases of 4 steam chambers, guide sleeves 18 are installed, which are most effective with guide cups 19 mounted on the upper ends of the upper annular sections 7 of the molds and provided with supporting flanges 20 to limit the vertical movement of these sections.

There are rails on the tables 3, To which the formatter-recharger 2 moves along a series of vulcanizers I (Fig. 1).

A traverse 24 with keys 25 is installed on the sides of its frame 21 in the L-shaped guides 22 to open the bayonet locks 6 of the steam chambers and move their upper bodies 4 together with the bayonet locks 6 installed by them, the upper ring sections 7 and the mold sectors 9. The movement of the traverse 24 in the vertical and horizontal directions along the L-shaped guides 22 is carried out using the lever-cam mechanisms 23 located on the sides of the frame 2 1.

On the traverse 24 (Fig. 2), coaxially with the keys 25, vertically movable plungers 26 are mounted for pushing the diaphragms 13 from the vulcanized tires 17 into the cylindrical glasses 1 2.

about

To move the plungers 26, a drive is used, including gears 27 mounted on the shaft 28. and a rotating shaft 28, a hydraulic cylinder 29. The plungers 26 have heads 30 with spherical bores 31 and lower ends interacting with metal balls 14 of the diaphragms 13. On the lateral surface of the heads 30 made bayonet protrusions 32 and depressions 33 (Fig. 9) and annular grooves 34 (Fig. 2). On each plunger 26 (Fig. 2), an inner sleeve 36 with two rows of floor-mounted bayonet protrusions 37 and 38 of depressions 39 and 40 (on Fig. 9) is mounted on sliding bearings 35. The protrusions 37 and depressions 39 are made on the inner surface of the sleeve and are designed to interact with the protrusions 32 of the head 30 (Fig. 2) of the plunger. The protrusions 38 and the depressions 40 (Fig. 6) are made at the lower end of the sleeve 36 and its outer surface and are designed to interact with the bayonet protrusions 41 and depressions 42 made in the central hole of the upper side rings 10 of the mold.

A mechanism for axial movement of the upper annular sections 7 .press molds relative to the upper bodies 4 of the steam chambers is mounted on the traverse 24 (Fig. 2). It consists of movable sleeves 43 mounted on the traverse 24 concentrically to the plunger 26, and their drive, including gears 44 that are meshed with teeth made on the outer surface of the movable sleeves 43 (Fig. 3), the shaft 45 and the hydraulic cylinder 46 that rotates it ( Fig. 2). In the sleeve 43, the bushings 47 are pressed (Fig. 2), which are sliding bearings for the plunger 26. Plain bearings for the movable sleeve! 43 serve bushings 48 traverse 24.

The lower end of the movable sleeve 43 is connected to the outer sleeve 49 mounted on the plunger on the plain bearing 50. The connection of the outer sleeve 49 with the sleeve 43 is carried out using two protrusions 51 (Fig. 4) made at the upper end of the cage, and two protrusions 52 made at the lower end of the sleeve. To carry out the assembly, two grooves 53 (Fig. 4) and a groove 54 (Fig. 2) are made in the outer sleeve 49. The width of the protrusions 51 (Fig. 4) is made larger than the width of the protrusions 52 to ensure that the outer Ntulki 49 is rotated by the desired angle without disturbing the connection between the sleeve and the outer sleeve.

The lower end of the outer sleeve 49 (Fig. 2, Fig. 9, Fig. 5) is connected using a movable key (slotted) connection 55 with the inner sleeve 36 of the plunger 26.

The upper end of the outer sleeve 49 is connected by means of movable keyed connections 56 to the leads 57 mounted in the grooves 58 of the upper end face of the key 25 (Fig. 8).

For axial movement of the upper annular sections 7 of the molds. Their guide glasses have a collar 59 (Fig. 2), against which the lower end of the outer sleeve 49 abuts while moving the movable sleeve 43 down.

For supplying a working medium under pressure to hydraulic cylinders 29 and 46 and draining it from them on the fittings-recharger 2 (Fig. 1) there is a system that includes pressure 60 and drain 61 pipelines (Fig. 10), which are using intermediate pipelines

62-65 are associated with. working cavities of the indicated cylinders. On the intermediate pipelines mounted valves 66-69, controlling the operation of hydraulic cylinders 26 and 46, and safety 70-72 and 73 check valves.

Outside the steam chambers, a fixture for fixing the upper side rings 10 at a predetermined distance from the side rings 74 (Fig. 16) of the lower annular sections 8 of the molds during molding of the wet tires 75, which has an adjustable stop 76 mounted on the table 3, is installed. , and the organ interacting with it. The latter is made in the form of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 77 in contact with the rod 78 with a stop 76. The piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 77 (Fig. 10) is connected through pipelines 79-81 to the pipelines 64 and 65 of the hydraulic cylinder 29. A hydraulic distributor 82 is installed on the pipelines 7981, and the pipeline 79 - pressure switch 83, which disables the drive of the beam 24 in case of exceeding the permissible pressure, thereby preventing damage to the device. Hydrodistributors 66 and 82. provide blocking of pipelines in the neutral position, the hydrodistributor 68 in the neutral position connects the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 46 with a drain.

Installation works as follows.

At the end of the vulcanization of the tires in the first vulcanizer 1 (Fig. 1), the formatter-recharger 2 moves to tjeny, stops and is fixed coaxially with its steam chambers. The traverse 24 lowers and stops when it stops in the upper bodies 4 of the steam chambers, the protrusions 38 (Fig. Lock 36 of the plungers of the cavity 42 (Fig. 10 rings (Fig. Distributor 66 (Fig. 10)) connects the cavity in the hydraulic cylinder 29 with the pressure pipe 60, the plungers 26 (Fig. 11) are moved down. In this case, the bayonet protrusions 32 of their heads 30 pass through the troughs 39 (Fig.

traps (Fig.

and bayonet

2) internal WU26 go through

6) top side

2). After that, the guide 3) of the rotary bushings 36, 30 with spherical bores 31 11) abuts against metal

1243280 6 balls 14 and push the diaphragms from the vulcanized tires 17 into the cylindrical glasses 12. Then the valve 67 connects the cavity in with the drain pipe 61 (Fig. 10), and the cavity b - with the pressure pipe 60 and the plungers 26 are moved up to their original position. After that, the keys 25 are turned and the bayonet locks 6 of the steam chambers are opened. In this case, the keys 25, using leashes 57 and key connections 56, rotate the outer sleeves 49. Turning, the outer sleeves 49 ς using the key (slotted) joints 55 rotate the inner sleeves 36, and the bayonet protrusions 37 of the sleeves 36 are located opposite the bayonet protrusions 32 of the head 30 the plunger 26, and the bayonet protrusions 38 are opposite the bayonet protrusions 41 of the upper side rings 10 of the molds. Further, the traverse 24 with the keys 25, the upper bodies 4 of the steam chambers, the upper ring sections 7 and the mold sectors 9 'rises, the upper side rings 10 of the molds are held in the upper position by means of plungers 26 and a hydraulic cylinder 29, not allowing the upper ring sections 7 molds to lower and thus holding sectors 9 in the closed position. Sectors 9, being in the closed position, hold the vulcanized tire 17 and when lifting they tear it from the lower section 8 of the mold.

After lifting the beam 24 moves the vulcanized tires 17 to the unloading position. In the unloading position, the control valve 66 (FIG. 10) connects the cavity b of the hydraulic cylinder 29 to the drain pipe 61, and the control valve 67 through the check valve 73 also connects the cavity c ”to the drain pipe 61. At the same time, the control valve 68 connects the cavity d of the hydraulic cylinder 46 to the full! m pipe 60, and the cavity g with the drain pipe 61. The movable sleeves 43 under the action of the hydraulic cylinder 46 are moved down and the outer bushings 49 fixed at their ends with the lower end abut against the shoulder 59 of the guide tubes 19 of the upper rings evyh sections 7 of molds, causing them to move downward. In this case, the sectors 9 are moved outward and separated from the tread portion of the tires 17. When lowering the upper ring sections 7 of the molds, the upper side rings 10 are lowered along with them, causing the plungers 26 and the rod with the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 29 to move, and the working medium is from the cavity ” b (FIG. 10), the hydraulic cylinder 29 is squeezed out by the piston into the drain pipe 61, and through the check valve 73, the working medium from the pipe 61 enters the cavity c, thereby preventing vacuum. cavity in ”and the normal operation of the sealing lips of the hydraulic cylinder 29 is ensured.

At the end of lowering the upper annular sections 7 of the molds, the supporting flanges 20 of the guide glasses 19 abut against the shoulders of the guide bushings 18 of the upper bodies 4 of the steam chambers. Then, with the help of directional control valves 66, 67 and 82 (Fig. 10), the medium creating pressure is supplied into the cavity a ”of the hydraulic cylinder 77 and the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 29, and the cavity .b of the hydraulic cylinder 29 communicates with a drain. As a result, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 77 extends, and the plungers 26 are moved down.

The bayonet protrusions 32 of their heads 30 abut against the bayonet protrusions 37 (Fig. 12) of the rotary sleeves 36, which in turn abut against the upper side rings 10. The plungers 26, overcoming the force of the clamps (magnets) 16, separate the upper side rings 10 from the upper annular sections 7 of the molds and move them down, and the side rings 10, abutting against the sides of the vulcanized tires 17, open them from the upper annular sections 7 of the molds. The removal of tires 17 from the upper side rings 10 is carried out by known unloading mechanisms. At the same time as the finished tires are unloaded using the known loading mechanism, raw tires 75 are mounted on the side rings of the lower ring sections 8 of the molds, after which the cartridges of the loading mechanism release the sides of the tires and rise.

Next, the traverse 24 and the nodes and parts held by it are moved to close (Fig. 13). In this case, the upper annular sections 7 together with divorced

$ 1 by sectors 9 are in a lower position. The upper side rings 10 are extended downward relative to the upper annular sections 7 of the molds. When the upper side rings 10 enter the hole of the raw tires 75, the yoke 24 stops. Since the upper side rings 10 are located outside sectors 9, the vulcanizer operator is able to visually determine the correct alignment of the raw tires 75 on the side rings. If the alignment of the raw tires 75 is broken, he has the opportunity to correct it, thereby eliminating the possibility of manufacturing defective tires, as is the case in known installations for forming and vulcanizing tires.

After installation of the traverse 24 in the cylindrical glasses 12, forming steam is supplied, under the action of which the diaphragms 13 exit the glasses and are filled into the crude tires 75.

Their metal balls 14, interacting with the spherical bores of the upper side rings 10, center the diaphragms 13 relative to the crude tires

Then 77 (Fig. Divider b is connected with pre-Okhklian 71, and hydroras66 is installed in · :. position, turning off the filler 61 pipelines,

75. the cavity ”a” of the hydraulic cylinder 10) is connected by means of a hydraulic ramp82 to the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 29. The cavity in the hydraulic cylinder 29 is connected with a hydraulic ram;

After this, the traverse 24 and the nodes and parts held by it move down. The upper side rings 10, abutting against the upper sides of the raw tires 75, begin to bring them closer to the lower sides. At the end of the approach, when the solution of the sides of the wet tire 75 is larger than the solution of the sides of the vulcanized tire by 1-2 mm / the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 77 will begin to interact with the adjustable stop 76 (Fig. 14), as a result of which the working fluid from the cavity a 'of the hydraulic cylinder 77 (Fig. 10) is transmitted through pipelines 79 and 64 into the cavity b ”of the hydraulic cylinder 29, and plungers. 26 rise.

In order for the said solution of the boards of the crude covers 75 to remain constant when lowering the yoke 24, it is necessary that the rate of rise of the plungers 26 relative to the yoke is equal to the rate of lowering of the yoke. This is achieved by appropriate selection of the diameters of the hydraulic cylinders 29 and 77 (Fig, 13). When lifting the plungers 26, the working fluid from the cavity into the hydraulic cylinder 29 (Fig. 10) through the pipe 65 through the valve. 67 and the safety valve 71 enters the drain pipe 61. The safety valve 71 is adjusted to the pressure required for. overcoming the force generated by the forming steam inside the diaphragm 13. FIG. 14 shows the installation at a time when the upper side rings 10 begin to approach the upper ring sections 7 of the molds, and before they begin to contact, the valve 68 (Fig. 10) is set to a neutral position, and the cavity g of the hydraulic cylinder 46 communicates with the drain pipe 61 , and the cavity `` d '' with “through the valve 69 communicates with the drain pipe 61 through the safety valve 72.

At the moment of contact of the upper side rings 10 (FIG. 14) with the upper annular sections 7 of the molds, the latter stop and upon further lowering of the beam 24 remain at a predetermined distance from the lower annular sections 8. At the same time, between the ends of the sectors 9 and the supporting surface of the upper annular sections 7 of the mold, a gap of 1-2 mm is provided, since the upper side rings 10 are located from the lower side rings 74 and a distance 1-2 mm greater than the solution of the sides of the vulcanized tires. Further, when lowering the traverse, the locking rings 11, interacting with sectors 9, the lower ends of which rest on the supporting surface of the lower ring sections 8 of the molds, begin to reduce them to the center of the molds, since between the upper ends of the sectors 9 and the supporting surface of the upper ring sections 7 of the press forms there is a gap of 1-2 mm, sectors 9 are moved in the radial direction, overcoming the resistance from the side of the raw tire material and the friction forces on the conical surfaces and on the supporting surface of the lower annular sections 8,

The upper annular sections 7 of the molds, together with the upper side rings 10, are at a constant ’distance from the lower annular sections 5 of the 8 molds and, when lowering the traverse 24, come closer to the supporting surfaces of the upper bodies 4 of the steam chambers. In this case, the outer sleeves 49 and the movable sleeves 43 are moved upward relative to the beam 24, as a result of which the working fluid from the cavity e (Fig. 10) of the hydraulic cylinder 46 is squeezed through the hydraulic. a distributor 69 and a safety 15 valve 72 into the drain pipe 61. The safety valve 72 is adjusted to the pressure required to overcome the force from the raw tires 75, in the cavity of which a constant pressure of forming steam is maintained inside the diaphragm 13. IN . the cavity g ”hydraulic cylinder 46 receives the working fluid from the drain pipe 61 through the valve 25 distributor 68.

At the end of the closure of sectors 9 (Fig. 14), the upper annular sections 7 of the molds abut against the upper bodies 4 of the steam chambers and lower 30 together with the traverse 24, choosing a gap of 1-2 mm to the upper ends of the sectors 9.

_e The hydraulic fluid remaining in the cavity “a” (Fig. 10) of the hydraulic cylinder 77 is squeezed out through the intermediate pipes 79 and 80 and the safety valve 35 into the drain pipe 61. The beam 24 stops (Fig. 2), the keys 25 rotate and close the bayonet locks 6 steam cameras. At the same time, with the help of ⁴⁰ leads, the outer sleeves 49 and the inner sleeves 36 are rotated to their original position, in which the bayonet protrusions 37 are aligned with the depressions 33 of the heads 30 of the plungers 26 and the bayonet protrusions 38 are aligned with the depressions 42 of the upper side rings 10.

After that, the control valve 82 (Fig. 10) is installed in the neutral position, disconnecting the cavity ’’ a ”of the hydraulic cylinder 77 from the cavity b of the hydraulic cylinder 29, and the yoke 24 rises to its original position. In molds, the vulcanization of tires begins, and the formatter-recharger 2 (FIG. 1) moves to the next vulcanizer 1, where the cycle of work is repeated.

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Claims (2)

1. INSTALLATION FOR FORMING AND VOLCANIZATION OF PNEUMATIC TIRE TIRE TIRES, comprising in-line vulcanizers with lockable bayonet molds, a vertically movable plunger for impacting the diaphragms of vulcanizers and crosshead with keys for bayonet locks of steam chambers, which is intended to improve the quality of tires, the upper annular sections of the molds are made with axially movable bead rings and are equipped with latches for positioning the latter, and the installation is equipped with a device for connecting locks, steam chambers with plunger head plungers with on-board SU „„ 1243280 124328 () 2, Installation according to π. 1, characterized in that the device for connecting the plunger head with the side rings of the upper sections of the molds is made in the form of an outer sleeve mounted concentrically to the plunger of the outer sleeve, the upper end pivotally connected to the mechanism for vertical movement of the upper sections of the molds, coupled by a spline connection to keys for bayonet locks of steam chambers and an axially movable inner sleeve mounted on the plunger and having bayonet protrusions for connection with the plunger head and movable side rings They mold sections, wherein the inner sleeve is connected to the outer movable by key connection.