SU1242535A1 - Complex additive and method of producing same - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Complex additive for o6- - treatment of iron-carbon alloys, including silicon-containing composition Nm, active filler and liquid glass, characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of the additive and the possibility of obtaining a complex additive with specified properties and configuration, it contains components in the following ratio, wt.%; Silicon-containing component 15-79, 9 Active filler 0.1-65 Liquid glass 20-60 2, A method for producing a complex additive for treating iron-carbon alloys, including grinding, mixing components, introducing liquid glass and shaping, which differs that, in order to ensure the possibility of obtaining a complex additive with desired properties, water glass is introduced into the mixture with stirring until a uniform pasty state, and shaping is carried out in a tightly closed form, the design of which is caused by the form, and the mass of the pasty complex additive and the volume of the form are its density. with W

Description

The invention relates to foundry metallurgy, in particular, compositions and methods for producing complex additives for refining, modifying and alloying iron-carbon alloys.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the additive and the possibility of obtaining a complex additive with the desired properties and configuration.

The proposed complex additive includes a silicon-containing component, a filler and liquid glass and contains kontonentsy in the following ratio, wt.%:

Kr Emnys holding

component 15-79.9

Active filler, 1-65

Liquid glass 20-60

The method of obtaining the complex additive (KD) includes the operations of grinding the mixing, introducing liquid glass continuously in small doses to a doughy state in an amount of 20-60 wt.%, Dispensing according to the forms, holding for exothermic reaction with an increase in volume and curing.

Thus, the briquetting operation is eliminated from the known method by passing an exothermic curing reaction between. silicon-containing component and liquid-IMM glass, each of which: not only does not have a negative effect on the metal, but also improves its properties. As a result, the reaction increases with the volume of the CD, and it fills the entire volume of the form of a given configuration, which subsequently determines the geometry of the CD ,. .

CD can be obtained in a wide variety of configurations and with different densities. Moreover, the density is regulated by the originally given mass of the batch in the form of a certain volume.

The proposed complex additive is prepared by mixing the dry ingredients in the required amount, the glass is added gradually to a doughy state. After that, the prepared mixture is placed in a mold, where it hardens within 12-40 minutes (without heating) and 5-20 minutes (with heating). This time depends on the selected active filler, it.ha

ten

15

20

25

thirty

55

40

45

50

Characteristics and relationships with liquid glass. .

To obtain CDs, five mixtures of ingredients are prepared, with a silicon-containing component (FS75) with a fraction of up to 0.5 mm, electrode fusion and barium carbonate (VasO) at a constant ratio of 2: 1, as well as the active filler. in the well-known complex additive.

Each: each mixture is prepared separately in metal containers. First mix the dry ingredients for 3 minutes. Then, liquid glass is added to them in small doses until pasty crust, everything is mixed and. According to the forms, the S-DIMIM subsequently determines the configuration of the CD and its density.

Forms after filling their CD tightly closed. An exothermic reaction takes place between the silicon-containing component of the liquid glass, filling the entire volume of the mold and then curing it. For faster exothermic reaction, it is possible to heat the mold to a BOO-ZOO C.

In tab. Figure 1 shows the effect of the amount of liquid glass on the time it takes for the exothermic solidification reaction to take place with and without heating.

Data confirming the positive effect of the proposed complex additive on the properties of the metal treated by it in comparison with the known one are given in Table. 2,

From Table 2, it follows that the most optimal amount of liquid glass is in the range of 20–60 wt.%, The introduction of liquid glass into the composition of KD in an amount of more than 20 wt.% Improves the properties of alloys without increasing their hardness. The amount of liquid glass is determined by the duration of the exothermic curing reaction and depends on the physicomechanical properties of the silicon-containing component and the filler, i.e. on their ability to absorb a certain amount of liquid glass, depending on their dispersion, wettability, chemical nature of particles, etc.

With the introduction of liquid glass of less than 20 wt.%, The dry component of the CD and solidifier 3 is not completely wetted.

After the exothermic reaction, the modifier is not homogeneous in composition and part of it is scattered and dusty.

With the introduction of liquid glass more than 60 wt.%, The duration of the exothermic solidification reaction increases by 2.5-3 times, the intensity of the reaction decreases.

The use of complex additives with the proposed amount of liquid glass increases the refining and modifying ability of the CD, i.e. the number of nonmetallic inclusions decreases, and the strength characteristics of the treated alloy CD increase.

To confirm the refining effect of the proposed CD, an experiment is carried out, according to which samples are poured into graphite forms in the form of a truncated cone with bases of 20 and 35 mm in height and 70 mm in height to determine nonmetallic inclusions with chemical iron, wt.%: 77; Si 2.31; Mp 0.41; S 0.022; P 0.18; Mg 0.049.

Additionally in sand form for. Standard blanks are cast from which samples are cut for mechanical testing. For comparison, samples are poured:

without intermediate processing; with an intermediate treatment in a ladle - KD of the following composition, wt.%: Silicon-containing component FS7530-40 Active filler:

silicocalcium SKZO 15-25 RZM10-15

barium salts Up to 30 magnesium metal Up to 10 fluorspar Up to 20 Liquid glass according to the known KD7 With intermediate treatment in the ladle of the proposed KD of the same composition with 40% by weight of liquid glass.

Samples for analyzing nonmetallic inclusions are cut along a vertical plane passing through the axis of the cone. A metallographic study along the section plane makes it possible to establish that the use of a CD with 40 wt.% Liquid glass reduces both the size of non-metallic inclusions and their number, thereby increasing

42535

strength and ductility of the pig iron being processed (Table 3).

To obtain CD with different density, dry ground ingredients (ferrosilicon FS75 32.5 wt.%) Are bathed in a metal container (2; 1; 2; 1 (respectively, 27.5 wt.%) . Then to them

10, while stirring, continuously add liquid glass (40% by weight) until the dry components are completely wetted. A homogeneous pasty mass is given according to the forms, determined by ush, during the curing of 15 scientific research institutes, the CD configuration and its density. Forms tightly closed.

The forms have a diverse configuration (hollow cylinder, plate, cube) and are filled with the prepared mass.

20 by 1/4, 1/2, 2/3, 9/10 of the volume, respectively. The less the masses are introduced by volume, the lower the CD density.

After filling the molds between the silicon-containing component and the liquid

25 an exothermic solidification reaction proceeds with glass, filling the entire volume of the mold, since the molds are tightly closed.

The data obtained are summarized.

30 in the table. 4.

From tab. 4, it can be seen that, by changing the initial volume of the filling of the form with a liquid CD mass, with a limited working volume due to the passage of an exothermic reaction with increasing

35

40

45

50

volume, you can get a different (specified) density CD in solid

condition. From tab. Figure 4 also shows that the curing time does not depend on the initial volume of the filling of the mold with a liquid mass CD.

When using the proposed CD and its production method as compared to the known CD and methods for their preparation, it is provided that production of CD of almost any chemical composition is simple (depending on requirements), low-waste production, since it is possible to use metallurgical wastes (pulverized fractions, ferroalloys, powders, dust of various metals and alloys, abrasive waste, etc.), do not require the introduction of special

hardeners, the introduction of an increased amount of liquid glass increases the effect of modifying the CD due to

the refining and modifying effect of the sodium and potassium compounds improves the mold filling. In addition, labor and energy costs are reduced, expensive special equipment is eliminated, and also the possibility of obtaining KDs is provided.

Known 436

222

217

Note. The processed cast iron has the following hy5 chess-

cue composition, May.%: C 2.91; Si 1.51; Mp 0.86; S O 02- P 0.022; Cg 0.11; Ni 0.01.

in any form, i.e. virtually any geometry, depending on where it is used (modification on the jet, in the bucket, in the form, etc.), and not only in specialized enterprises, but also in the development of consumers.

Table 1

Table 2

229

255

269

NumberNumber of nonmetallic-nonmetallic inclusions, i inclusions,% by full-j abs. % I schadi

The volume of the filling after the passage of the reaction,%

100 100 100 100

Note. Take KD 3 table. one

Compiled by K.Sorokin Editor V.Petrash Tehred M.Hodanich Proofreader T.Kolb

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Order 3670/27 Circulation 567 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, Projecto st., 4

Table3

Sizes Mechanical

non-metal

Českikh limit

inclusions when

mmjrast live

Sha

Table4

KD density, g / cm

Cure time, min

Without heating Heating 150 С

34 34 34 34

15 15 15 15

Claims (2)

1. Complex additive for the treatment of iron-carbon alloys, including a silicon-containing component, an active filler and liquid glass, characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of the additive and the possibility of obtaining a complex additive with desired properties and configuration, it contains components in the following ratio, wt.X: Silicon component 15-79,9 Active filler 0,1-65 Liquid glass 20-60 2. The method of obtaining complex additives for the treatment of iron-carbon alloys, including grinding, mixing components, introducing liquid glass and shaping, differing from the fact that, in order to ensure the possibility of obtaining a complex additive with desired properties, liquid glass is injected into the mixture with mixing until a uniform doughy state, and shaping carried out in a tightly closed form, the design of which determines the form, and the mass of the pasty complex additive and the volume of the form - its density. with 1242535