SU122975A1 - Cutting apparatus for cutting beet tops on the vine - Google Patents

Description

It is known to use cutting machines equipped with an active disk knife pivotally connected to a fork-type groping device, in which the angle of inclination of the shaft remains constant and the box is fixed during operation when raising and lowering the disk with the shaft.

A distinctive feature of the proposed cutting apparatus is the use of an active circular knife in it, rigidly connected to the cuff and sleeve, which slides freely on a key or spline along a rotating shaft.

FIG. 1 shows an apparatus, side view; FIG. 2 - the same plan view.

On the common frame 1, pivotally attached to the main frame of the machine and resting on the wheel 2, which protects the knives of the apparatus from being buried in the ground, the pick-up conveyor 3 of the tops, common to several cutting units (mounted on shaft 5 on the splines or on the slider key and a copier with a probe 6, associated with knife 4, slide 7 and frame 1 with a U-shaped frame 8 and roller 9.

The U-shaped frame 8, together with its rigidly connected probes 6 and the roller 9, has the possibility of limited rotation in the sleeve 10 to the left and right of the central position.

As a result, the rear ends of the probe having a flat horizon. The dead section can be biased to the left and to the right, depending on the deviations of the roots from the center line of the row. Probes 6, consist of two elastic bands, each of which is attached to the ends of the U-shaped frame.

As a result, the tops pass between the branches of the probes, do not rise by them, and thus do not introduce errors into the specified thickness.

No. 122975-2 -

cut off part of the corn. In this case, depending on the diameter of the bundle of petioles. Drops; The pads are discharged to the sides due to their elastic deformation. When the adjusting nut 11 is rotated by hand, the roller 9, together with the U-shaped frame 8 and the probes 6, moves up or down along the sleeve 10. These m. and between the probe and the blade of the knife, the thickness of the cutting part of the head of the root is set. The adjustment is made before starting work or when switching to a new, different from the previous background beet.

The disk cutter 4, which is rigidly connected to the cuff 12 and the sleeve 13, has the possibility, rotating with the shaft 5, to move along the latter by an amount "B (Fig. 1). The springs 14 pull the knife to the lower end position.

On the sleeve 13, by means of the thrust bearing 15, a non-rotating body 16 is mounted, having two plugs with rollers P that are inserted into the cutout of the link 7. The link is fixed to the connecting frame 18 with two bolts. The frame has a number of holes located along two arcs of circles with the center in the center of the rollers 17. The centers of these arcs and rollers coincide only at the lower extreme position of the knife. This achieves the independence of the clearance adjustment "a" from the adjustment of the vertical correction.

Binding frame 18 is connected to a frame / hinge four-rye, formed by rods 19 and 20.

The operation of the cutting apparatus is carried out as follows.

When the machine moves across the field along the rows of beets set at an angle of the plane of the zero gauge 6 of the copier, they move toward the head of the next root and, sliding along it, rise up by an amount determined by the height of the root of the root above the soil. The plant passes freely inside the U-shaped frame 8 and then is pulled with some force between the spring arms of the probes 6. Thus, in the process of copying the probes rely not on the tops, but on the Clean head of the root.

Together with the probe it rises, slipping along the shaft B, and the knife 4. At the same time, the gap "-a increases somewhat due to the fact that the cuts of the curtain 7 are not parallel to tam 19 and 20 of the four-starter. Such an automatic increase in the gap (vertical Amendment) is necessary because there is a predominant relationship between the height of the roots above the soil and the thickness of the parts of their heads that need to be removed along with the tops. As a rule, the larger the root protrudes above the soil, the larger it is and it has a large crown of the base of the seedlings of the tops, which must be removed.

The magnitude of this amendment is adjusted by rearranging the backstage 7 to one or another pair of holes located on the frame along circular arcs. In this case, the angle between the slit of the link and the thrusts 19 and 20 changes, and consequently, the degree of lagging of the knife from the probes during their simultaneous lifting also changes.

In contrast to the existing structures that have such an amendment, in the proposed apparatus, the adjustment of the vertical gap “a and the vertical correction between them are independent.

The knife 4 cuts off the measured gap “and part of the head of the root along with the tops and drops it onto its conveyor 3, which transfers it further to other conveyors or directly to the bunker of the machine. Upon completion of the trimming root, the entire apparatus system quickly returns to the lower end position.

Thereby, the probes are reset to copy the next root. Springs 14 accelerate the return of the apparatus to its original position. An experimental sample of the proposed cutting apparatus was tested at the Ukrainian MIS in 1958.

Subject invention

Claims (4)

1. Cutting apparatus for cutting beetroot, tops on the vine, consisting of a copier in the form of a U-shaped frame, the vertical axis of which can rotate in the sleeve at a certain angle, and the lower ends are equipped with probes, characterized in that, in order to increase performance, the active circular knife applied in it is rigidly connected to the cuff and sleeve, which slides freely on a tongue or tab along the rotating shaft. 2. A cutting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, the compensation springs are mounted inside the cuffs of the disk knife. 3. The cutting device according to claim 1, about the fact that, in order to adjust the vertical gap between the probes and the cutting edge of the knife, the sleeve of the U-shaped frame is provided with a nut with which the roller frame with probes can move along bushings. 4. Cutting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that for adjusting the vertical correction, it uses a linkage connecting the copier with a knife, the position of which can be changed relative to the four-bar link. - 3-№ 122975 3G