SU1229586A1 - Arrangement for axle-by-axle weighing of railway train in motion - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a weight measuring technique. The purpose of the invention is to increase accuracy by weakening the effect of non-stationary. interference. The device contains weighing sensors 1 and 2, filters 3, identification block 4, analog conversion block 5. The controller 6 of the weighting processing is inserted into the device, which contains the operational S HSCE

Description

a memory device 7, a processor 9 and, for this, a memory device (ROM) 10 of the weight processing program. Tires W 1 of controller 6 are connected to W 2 of controller 11 by a processing belt containing ROM 12, processor 13, ROM 14 of the robust processing program, quality interface 16 connected respectively. The invention relates to weighing technology.

The purpose of the invention is to increase accuracy by reducing the effect of non-stationary interference.

FIG. I depicts a block diagram of a device for weighing a train along a moving line in motion in FIG. 2 - principle: on the identification block diagram; in fig. 3 and 4 - the design and location of the load-carrying units; in fig. 5 and 6 are timing diagrams for explaining the operation of the system; in fig. 7 and 8 are variants of applied weighting and robust functions.

The device (Fig. 1) contains weighing sensors 1 and 2, through filters 3 connected to identification block 4 and to analog-digital conversion block 5, output 1 and 1 of which are connected to buses W 1 of controller 6 of weight processing, containing an operative memory device 7 (hereinafter RAM 7) of the weight measuring sensor 1 and RAM 8 of the weight measuring sensor 2, processor 9 and read-only memory 10 (hereinafter ROM 10) of the weighting processing program 1y. Tires W 1 of controller 6 are connected to buses W 2 of additional controller 1I of robust processing containing RAM 12, processor 13, ROM 14 program of robust processing, registration interface 15 and quality interface 16 connected respectively to recorder 17 and quality indicator 18, representing by itself, for example, a traffic light with a lantern of a different color.

but to the recording device 17 and the quality indicator 18, which represents, for example, the traffic light Introducing new elements and the formation of new connections between the elements of the device, make it possible to achieve the desired -; / 1o purpose of the invention. A schematic diagram of the identification block 4 is shown., 1C. f-ly, In Il.

,

The outputs of the identification block 4 and the bus W 1 of the weighing processing controller 6 are connected to the inputs of the evaluation unit 19, the output of which is connected to the buses W 2 of the robust processing controller 11.

 Identification 4 contains (FIG. 2) a zero detector, formed by comparators 20 input

S signals

(

weighing

sensors and 2 and the scheme 1-SHI 21, account- libtti trigger 22, keys 23 and 24, respectively, the first and second teleseks of the car, the inverter 25 and the key 26 of gašeki. The comparators 20 form the load signals I 1 and H 2, respectively, of the 1 sensors 1 and 2, the keys 23 and 24 identify the passage on the weights, respectively, of the first carriage (1 ton) and

second body): ski (2T) of the car, and key 26 forms a blanking signal (H) in the case of a locomotive or other object.

The output signal of one of the comparators 20 through the inverter 27 enters us. the counting input of the counter 28 running axes, the input of which is quenched R through the coincidence circuit 29 is associated with

output 2t of the key 24 and through the resistive-capacitive chain of the EU - with the output of the key 26 damping. The outputs of the counter 28 2 3 and 4 are connected via the key circuit 30 to the address inputs of the evaluation unit 19, which is, for example, a random access memory device. Other address buses of block 19 are formed by a code of the number M, i.e. the estimated weight of the car, determined by the controller 6 of the weight treatment after passing through the weights of the first carriage of the car or carrying

earlier The controller 6 also forms the 4t (Read) command.

Such a construction of the evaluation unit 19 allows the controller 6 to be unloaded from cumbersome calculations of the expected natural oscillation period.

T 21)

wg

1ЕЖ1

 - total stiffness of the suspension-JQ; ki or, which is the same, the expected number of N discretizations in the sections from extremum to extremum by the formula

T N -1-.

. five

It is much faster and easier for the software to further process the S and S signals, since the result retrieval from the memory is very fast.

FIG. 3 shows the construction of the cargo-carrying block 31, supported by the load cell 1 (or 2) and connected to the base block by 32 strands 33. The load-receiving unit 31 is integrated into the railway track 34, through which the wheels 35 of the objects to be weighed (car) are rolled.

The location of the cargo-carrying units 31 on the railway track 34 in the plan is shown in FIG. 4. Dpin 1 of block 31 is chosen to be the shortest smallest center distance in the composition so that at any time on block 31 there is no more than one wheel 35.

Varya spacing blocks 31, i.e. choosing the value of L, it is possible to identify any of the objects to be weighed by alternating mounts and exits of the axes, which makes the layout of the blocks 31 of FIG. 4 universal.

FIG. 5 shows alternations of axle travels and exits for a four-axle car (position q), a six-axle car (position S), the first carriage of an eight-axle car (position) and the first locomotive carriage (position 1), provided that length 1 is selected around 1300 mm, and mm, which is more than the center distance (1800 mm) of all the wagons of the above-named types, but less than the center distance - 21PO mm - locomotives.

The system for dynamic weighing works as follows.

five

Q

S

0

five

five

When an object wheel 35 hits a load-receiving unit 31 at time t, (position 1a of Fig. 5), for example, load sensor 1 is loaded, a run-in signal of the first extremum 31 is generated, demarcating the boundaries of sections between extremes E1, E2, EZ, .... Ets.

Similarly, codes belonging to sensor 2 and presented on the & FIG. 6 in the time interval t, they are compared and written down, starting with the first extremum 33N, in the RAM, also with the division of the boundaries of the sections.

Possible false extremes depicted in zone 35 at position a or B, zone at position 8 of FIG. 6 can be eliminated, for example, by the rule

min "i A, max A,

where A is the average estimate of the sensor signal 1 (or 2) in the observed areas, calculated by processor 9 in parallel with the writing of codes in RAM and RAM8.

One of the possible solutions in the case of false extremes may be lengthening the treatment area, for example, from E4 to E6 or from Er. to E (Fig. 6).

Areas E4-E6 or E., - Er, can. also be divided into two each with a boundary — the first by the false minimum and the second by the false maximum, provided that the discretion of the larger and smaller estimates of A is approximately equal (Fig. 6).

When filling the RAM 7 and RAM 8 with a set of codes between adjacent extremes, the processor 9 also counts the number of codes in each section of the EZ-E2, E2-EZ, EZ-E4, etc., which is necessary for the subsequent weight. howling and robust processing. The weight processing performed by the controller 6 can begin after determining the boundaries of the sections and is performed as follows.

Suppose we have a section from the extremum E1 to the extremum E2 (position of FIG. -6) with a duration of N, numbers, i.e.

A1, A2, AZ ... A.

Since the oscillation from E to E2 of the output action of the sensor I with

occurs near a certain equilibrium state, then, obviously, the true value of the mass of the axis is closer to the mean, and not to the extreme numbers from the above-mentioned segment (AI-AN).

The meaning of weight processing is that it is necessary to transform the entire plot with a single A. In such a way that the average members of the plot (A1-Am) close to the equilibrium state are expressed in the AJ number more strongly than the extreme members.

Consider, for example, the use for these purposes of a triangular weight function (Fig. 7). In this case, the processor 9 according to the program recorded in the ROM 10, processes the area (AI-AM,) as follows. Extreme members A, and Af,, are summarized into a grand total once, members A and A: y. - twice, and so on in an arithmetic progression, so that Wed-ndniy member of the site A; (or two middle terms) are summed K times, and the resulting sum is divided by the total number of terms, i.e. we get the weighted average dp of any area.

Thus, as a result of the weighting processing by the controller 6, a series of numbers is transmitted to the controller 11 as the initial data of the robust processing dp

BUT

one

N ,; A, N ,; BUT,

N,

 2 and ... And, and

where the numbers A are the numerical representatives of the treated areas, and the numbers K indicate how many numbers were in each area or, in other words, what was the length of each area,

Robust data processing by the controller 11 can begin only after determining the accuracy and the approximate weight of the car to be weighed, i.e. after the time point tg (Fig. 5, the determination of the axle of the car by the identification block A will be considered on the example of a six-axle car (Fig. 2 and position S in Fig. 5).

Since the counting input of the counter 28 is connected to the output of the comparator 20 of the sensor 2, then at the moment of time t, the counter code 28 will become equal to one, when an axis enters the axis

ten

15

0

five

five

time tj - two units, and at time three. Thus, after the OR 21 scheme at time t emits a zero signal, and from the output of the key 23 of the first carriage (IT), the key circuit 30 receives a single signal, depending on the code available at that moment in the counter 28 , one of the signals 4, 6 or

Pop

The Yupyuchev circuit 30 is three K155LAZ keys operating separately and combined in FIG. 2 for easy reading of the drawing.

In the presence of a permissive (single) signal T, unit output 2 (counter code 28 is two) gives rise to signal 4 at the input of block 19, since if there are two axes in the carriage, there will be four in the carriage. Accordingly, with the counter code 28 equal to 3, signal 6 is generated, and with code 4 the signal 8.

Since at time tg (position S of Fig. 5) a zero signal arrives from the output of the key 24 of the second dolly, canceling the counter 28 through the circuit 29, the indicated outputs 4, 6 and 8 can be read only in the interval tg. - tg, i.e. when the first carriage of the carriage has already passed the scales, and the second carriage has not yet hit the blocks 31.

I

Shortly after t

0

five

0

 The processor 9 in the evaluation unit I9 calculates the calculated or average (approximate) value of the mass of the car M, equal to twice the sum of all numbers A,, ... A, which represents their parts of the weighting processing divided by the number of terms, i.e.

2.-5-A1 „. P

By issuing the code 9 of the M number and the Read command by the processor 9, the evaluation unit 19 almost instantly generates the N code for the robust processing controller 11, i.e. expected according to the formula

sampling number (codes) in the conditional section.

Estimation unit 19, for which the code of the number M and the probability (4, 6, 8)

are address buses, works as follows.

Let the four-axle wagons be hung. The frequency of free oscillations of fully loaded four-axle cars: (with a weight of about 88 tons) is equal to 4.0 Hz, and the half-period, hence 0.125 s. With an empty carriage weighing 22 tons, a half-period, proportional to the square of the square 1-1 of the mass, will be

- 0.0625 s.

Thus, in the memory zone of evaluation unit 19 corresponding to a four-carriage car, i.e. bus 4, recorded numbers N from 125 to 62 depending on the mass M. The corresponding information recorded in block 19 in the memory areas of a six-axle and eight-axle car can be corrected according to experimental static data obtained during adjustment of the scales.

Having received the number N, the controller 11 begins the robust processing of the information already accumulated in RAM 12 and continuing to arrive, consisting of pairs of numbers A; , N,

where A; is a representative of the i-ro site; N-- the length of the plot.

The essence of robust processing is that if the duration of the treated area N is close to conditional N, i.e. if the carriage oscillates with its own frequency, then such information should be more fully represented as a result, rather than information of sections, the duration of which differs significantly from coniditational.

Robust processing is based on empirical data. An increase in locomotive traction (jerk) usually pulls up the measurement section, the braking of the locomotive causes a series of short-term vertical beats of cars that dramatically reduce the length of the section, and a serious unevenness of the track can either lengthen or shorten the measurement section at the time of arrival on the roughness.

The robust processing program recorded in the ROM 14, for example, consists in multiplying the number representing 1 -and the area to be treated, i.e. And - on the coefficient found by robust function, and the subsequent

2S5868 averaging result. So, the numbers A-, the duration of which is less and more. the total amount does not include t. Numbers A; with a duration of 5 and NshahIt enters the total amount once, the numbers Nm; n + t hiax-i D times, further representative of the numbers A; increases in arithmetic progression.

0 weighing result of each wheel

m SlA, -KZ

M g - - - - -.- .- -. - -

 Zkj

5 where K; - coefficient of robust processing.

As is evident from FIG. 5, the mass of the four-axle wagon will be composed of eight components of the MC, and the masses of the six-axle or eight-axle wagons will consist of twelve and sixteen, respectively.

After the end of the command, the Second carriage (2 tons according to Fig. 5) is registered through the interface and the registering device 17 of the sum of all terms of the MC, accumulated during the operation time of 1t and 2t commands, which is the weight of the carriage

0 no matter how many axes he had. If a locomotive passes through the load-receiving units 31, then, as follows from position G of FIG. 5, the zero signal of the 1SH 21 circuit occurs after the first exit. Therefore, at the moment of time 1h (Fig. 5, position r, key 26 forms the blanking signal G (Fig. 2), restoring the initial state of the trigger 22 and the counter 28, and

Q also enters the controller 6 to cancel the data processed in the time interval (Fig. 5, position t}

After the passage of each subsequent locomotive wheel, no matter how many of them, the damping signal G is again formed, restoring the 1st initial state of the system.

Thus, all information coming from block 4 of the analog and ph

 transformation takes place

through two sieves.

The first sieve - the weight processing controller 6 - eliminates areas to the first extremum and after the last, improves the content of the information by processing the weight function, at the same time reducing the volume

information. Each grade A ;, obtained after the weight treatment, in principle, can be the result of measuring the weight of an individual axis.

The second sieve - the controller 11 of the robust processing - assesses the quality of the information received from the controller 6 of the weight processing, suppresses the poor-quality information and is more qualitative. Controller P performs another important function

The processor 13; Controller 1II also calculates the ratio of the number of conditioned areas, i.e. sites, the duration of which

N.

 N i N,

mm ----- max; To the total number of processed plots. The closer this ratio is to unity, the more satisfactory is the measurement that the interface 16 enters the quality signaling device 18, the two lower lamps of which have reflectors of green color and the upper lamps of red and yellow. The quality interface 16 is a decoder for the calculated ratio, ensuring the red light is on at a ratio of, say, less than 0.5 yellow — at a ratio of 0.5 to 0.7, green — at ratios of 0.7 to 0.9, respectively. and from 0.9 to 1, 0.

Due to this design of the detector 18, an operator, for example, a locomotive driver, carrying weight by weight, visually observes the quality of the measurement process and, when a yellow or red light comes on, reduces the speed of movement, and if necessary, increases the speed.

If, at low speeds, the yellow or red lanterns light up, it is necessary to repair the railway track 34 or the load receiving units 31.

Since it is exactly the braking and the jQ of the other E: the progress of the coincidence circuit,

Since the composition roots are the main reasons for the occurrence of areas of sub-standard duration, the presence of a quality indicator in the quality alarm system stimulates the driver to track the composition at usual process speeds (up to 15 km / h).

1229586

Formula

10 inventions

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Claims (1)

1. A device for axially weighing a train in motion containing weighing sensors connected through filters to identification and analog-digital conversion units whose outputs are connected to a controller, a measurement quality indicator and a recording device that detects it. so that, in order to increase the accuracy by reducing the effect of non-stationary interference, you enter into it: ЕВ 1 the weight estimation unit and the additional controller, the inputs of which are connected to the controller outputs, and the outputs - with the signal torus quality measuring and recording device, the inputs of the evaluation unit connected to the outputs of the controller and the identification unit J, and outputs - with an additional controller outputs, 2, the device according to claim i, characterized in that the identification block is made in the form of two comparators, to the inputs of which weight sensors are connected, and to the outputs is the OR circuit, the output of which is connected to the counting input of the counting trigger, to the input of the first inverter and to one inputs of the keys of the first and second carriages of the car, another input of the key of the first trolley of the car, and another input the key of the second car truck is connected: to the inverse output and D- input of the counting trigger, the output of one of the comparators is connected via the second inverter to the counting input of the axle counter, one output of which is connected to one input of the blanking key, the other input is connected to the output of the first inverter, and the output of the dongle key is connected to the R-input of the counting trigger and through a resistor to the same input of the coincidence circuit, Egunted by a capacitor. with the output of the key of the second truck of the car and the output is connected to the R-input of the axle counter, the other outputs of which are connected to one input of the key scheme, to the other inputs of which is connected the EXH9D key of the first truck | KI, Fig.Z Pellet 1 Ofb f Pivot 2 Osb Ocb  tb / g 4c Ocbf Axis 2 t, Te CfHKa i Ocbi OcoZ OcbZ .JU-UT-IT zs Axis 4 Axis 5 Axis 6 60 1r Te / itfftfxa / ffcbf 0CbZ ffci, 3 t6 2z ILA IT Tnr T Tjif FIG. five ffoK z 91 / 3 (i i. XV l L 2 3S a tz Phage.6 t  i AN ( FIG. r Ni Editor V. Ivanova Compiled by V. Shirshov Tehred O. Gortvay Order 2443/40 Circulation 705 Subscription VNIIPI USSR State Committee for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., d 4/5 Production-ps game enterprise, Uzhgorod street Design, -4 Proofreader G. Reshetnik