SU1229355A1 - Underground structure and method of starting it up - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Underground structure, including outer and inner shells, each of which is represented by alternately alternating and radially paired trapezoidal elements, the lateral surfaces of which converge for one pair, and diverge for the other relative to the corresponding geometric axis, and the cavity between the shells, filled with a spring-loaded medium, characterized in that, in order to improve the stress-deformative state of the structure, the elements of one of the pairs of trapezoid conjugates The elements are equipped with a limiter of opposing radial displacements of the shells, made in the form of an elastic block, while the other pair of elements is provided with an anchor, with one end fixed in the trapezoidal element of one shell and the other freely passing through the trapezoidal element of the other shell and equipped with a hydraulic toroid. walking anchor. i W to N9; about her sd ate 0l / 2.f

Description

2. Compared to n.l, about t l and it is often the fact that the limiters of oncoming radial displacements of the shells have elastic pads made, for example, 5 of neoprene.

3. Construction according to, 2, about t l and often, in that the lateral surfaces of the trapezoidal elements are lined with a metal sheet and covered with antideferential and hydraulic insulating material, for example, a compound based on coal-carbon oils.

4. The method of commissioning an underground structure, including the installation of the structure 5, filling it with soil and filling it with the internal environment,

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The invention relates to the construction and transport construction, concerns the construction of underground structures with the use of loose soil, in which external forces prevail over internal forces and can be used to construct water lines and tunnels, underground tanks for storing liquid and gaseous materials. construction of NPP underground buildings, etc. constructions.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the stress-deformative state of the structure.

Figure 1 is given the construction of the conduit or tunnel, a longitudinal section; figure 2 is the same cross section; FIG. 3 shows the construction of a container for storing liquid and gaseous materials, a longitudinal section; on figa - the same cross section; figure 5 - construction of nuclear power plants, a longitudinal section; 4) ig.6 - the same cross section; figure 7 - the construction of the conduit or tunnel with detail nodes, a cross-section; on Fig - section aa in Fig.7; figure 9 - node 1 figure 7; Figures 10 and 11 show the section BB in Figure 8 (versions)

The structure is an underground building consisting of an outer shell 1 and an inner shell 2, between which a cavity 3 is formed.

characterized by the fact that simultaneously with filling the soil in a spring-loaded medium placed between the inner and outer shells of the structure, create forces whose magnitude in radial directions is equal to the amount of force transmitted to the structure from the external environment, and when the structure is put into operation create an additional the effort, the value of which is equal to the value of the forces acting from the internal environment, after stabilization of the internal and external environments, the spring-loaded environment of the structure is replaced by solid eyuschy solution.

The housing is located under the bulk soil 4.

The outer shell 1 consists of alternately alternating between the trapezoidal elements 5, the side surfaces of which converge on the inner side of the body, and the trapezoidal elements 6, the lateral surfaces of which converge with the external one

rons corps.

The inner shell 2 consists of alternately alternating between each other trapezoidal elements 7, the side surfaces of which converge on the outside of the case, and trapezoidal elements 8, the lateral surfaces of which converge on the inside of the case.

The trapezoidal elements 5 of the outer shell are coaxial with the trapezoidal elements 7 of the inner shell. Similarly, elements 6 coincide along the axis with elements 8.

Surface mating on axis

elements from the outer and inner side of the case are parallel to each other.

Trapezoidal elements 5 of the outer shell, the side surfaces of which converge from the inside

enclosures connected by means of anchors 9 to the trapezoidal elements 7 of the inner shell, the lateral surfaces of which converge on the outer side of the enclosure. Each of the anchors is 9 one

the end can be fixed in the trapezoidal element of the outer shell and the other - freely pass through the hole in the trapezoidal element of the inner shell. To secure the anchor 9 on the outer side of the outer shell of the housing, a mortgage assembly 10 is used, redistributing the force from the anchor over the surface of the fixed element.

On the side of the free end of the anchor 9 and on the inside of the case a tension device 11 can be placed, which is generally a hydraulic plate. The most convenient form of such a plate can be a hydraulic toroid, i.e. hollow annular element filled with hydraulic fluid under pressure. To pre-stabilize the profile of the hull, the toroid can be equipped with an additional system of compression of the shells.

Limiters of radial displacements of shells against each other can be placed between the trapezoidal elements of the outer and inner shells and along the axes of their mating in the radial direction, and limiters 12 between the anchored elements, and limiters 14 between the non-enameled elements, and an interlayer elastomer 13. The limiters 12 and 14 of the radial displacements may be the same or different in cross section in relation to the loads for which they are designed.

In order to ensure the stability of the stops 12, they are placed on the anchors 9 as on their axes, for which holes are made in the stops in the radial direction. In order to ensure the stability of the stops 14, they are placed on the centering rods x 15, which, with their ends, are located in the corresponding recesses of the elements of the outer and inner shells, ensuring limited freedom of movement along the axis.

The proposed construction in the form of, for example, a conduit having

le, rtctJI i iintiitJ, .U "u / j, cl," ncjVLUc: J. A cross-sectional area of 100 m or more, erected under bulk soil, is erected as follows.

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On the pre-planned surface and along the axis of the future water conduit, a building structure is assembled, consisting of an outer shell 1 and an inner shell 2 with a cavity between them 3. As the installation of certain sections of the hull is completed, they are covered with soil 4.

Individual elements 5-8 of the shell of the hull can be made of concrete or reinforced concrete with facing of their side surfaces with a metal sheet or without it. Their cross section in a tangential direction with respect to the future structure may be rectangular, hexagonal, or any other polygonal shape. In this case, the condition is maintained that the conjugation of the corresponding elements along the lateral surfaces would give the profile of the computational structure. The thickness of the elements is prescribed in accordance with the strength properties of the material and the loads acting on them. The side surfaces of the elements are convergent. Thus, the side surfaces of the elements 5 and 8 converge on the inside of the case, and the side surfaces of the elements 6 and 7 on the outside.

The angle of inclination of the surfaces of these elements with respect to the corresponding radial axes is determined from the following conditions.

In the annular direction, the side surfaces that are mutually wedging for the shells should be pre-stressed to the design level determined by both natural external loads from the ground and the object of use, and internal loads that are artificial and acting on the shells of the hull the sides of the cavity between them.

In the longitudinal direction, the elements of the shells should mutually prestress each other and ensure the longitudinal stability of the body.

When mounting elements in a housing, a template can be used, made, for example, along the internal pro-, case fillet and moved along the structure axis as the next section of the housing is mounted. Before installation, anchor 9 is fixed in each element 5 of the outer casing using the fixing unit 10. This

the assembly is a metal plate5 located on the outside of the element. The free end of the anchor 9 passes through the element 5 along its axis, through the future cavity between the shells along the axis of the restrictor

12 radial displacements and through the axially adjacent element 7 of the inner shell. At the free end of the anchor 9, a tension device 11 is installed, made in the form of, for example, a hydraulic toroid equipped with a mechanical prestressing system

Each toroid or their separate groups have autonomous hydro-supply systems, the control of which can be brought to the auxiliary tunnel or to the surface.

The limiters 12 of the radial displacements of the anchored elements and the limiters 4 of the radial displacements of the non-quantable elements are cylindrical concrete or reinforced concrete blocks with axial through holes. Their role is to fix the minimum distance. neither between shells .1 and 2, transferring part of the load from one shell to another, damping transmitted loads through elastomer 13. The length of each block of limiters 12 and 4 together with elastomer interlayers

13 is determined by the design distance between the shells and the possible movement of the shells towards each other. The cross section of the blocks is assigned based on the design loads.

After installation of the building body and filling it with soil, the cavity is filled between, and, in shells 1 and 2, a spring-loaded medium, which can be, for example, a thixotropic suspension, connected by a hydraulic channel with a gas damper and system

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swap. Suspension concentration is assigned according to the stability of the physical properties of the suspension: gfy for its full operation, as well as the possibility of contacting the contacts in conjunction with the elements in the shells.

Pre; 1 one design works as follows.

After assembling the body, filling it with soil and simultaneously with filling the body with the object of use, the cavity between the shells is filled with a spring-loaded medium, in particular the thixotropic suspension. As the pressure on the housing increases, from the inside of the object of use, the pressure of the thixotropic suspension increases. As a result of filling the spaces between the elements of the shells with a thixotropic suspension, the cavity is clogged and sealed. During the operation of the facility in the first few years, as a result of the processes of stabilizing the soil that has been soaking in, the stress state of the hull shells is adjusted.

For this purpose, using hydraulic toroids, those areas of the membranes that are unloaded from the action of the soil, for example, in the zone of formation of the soil arch, are presumed to be used. The consequence of this is that the adjacent areas receive additional compression in the tangential direction and the material of the shells is in a more favorable stress state.

The proposed design allows for the phased commissioning of structures, as well as to regulate the stress-strain state of it at cyclically repeated loads.

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Editor G. Volkova

Compiled by L. Berekina Tehred N. Bonkalo

Order 2428/28 Circulation 470 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Production and printing company, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

Proofreader M. Pojo

Claims (4)

1. An underground structure, including the outer and inner shells, each of which ¹ · is represented by alternately alternating and pairwise paired in the radial direction _______ ______ 4 --- 5 \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ \\\ elements whose lateral surfaces converge for one pair and diverge relative to the corresponding geometric axis for the other, and a cavity between the shells filled with a spring-loaded medium, characterized in that, in order to improve the stress-strain state of the structure, the elements of one of the pairs are paired of the trapezoidal elements are equipped with a · counter radial displacement limiter of the shells made in the form of an elastic block, and the other pair of elements is equipped with an anchor, one end of which is fixed <g in the trapezoidal element of one shell and the other freely passes through the trapezoidal element of the other shell and is equipped with a hydraulic toroid straining anchor. L ^ 3 ~~ 1 U7 // 7 /// 7 ////// 7 ///// 77/7 /////./ Z72'2227277 / 27722. SU „„ 1229355 FIG. one 2. Construction according to π.1, characterized in that the limiters of the oncoming radial movements of the shells have elastic gaskets made, for example, of neoprene. 3. The construction according to claim 2, characterized in that the side surfaces of the trapezoidal elements are lined with a metal sheet and coated with antideferential and waterproofing material, for example, a compound based on angular oils. 4. The method of commissioning an underground structure, including the installation of the structure, filling it with soil and filling it with an internal medium, which consists in the fact that at the same time. filling the soil in a spring-loaded medium placed between the inner and outer shells of the structure creates forces whose magnitude in radial directions is equal to the magnitude of the forces transferred to the structure from the external environment, and when the structure is put into operation, they create additional force whose magnitude is equal to the magnitude of the forces acting from the side of the internal environment, after stabilization of the efforts of the internal and external environments, the spring-loaded environment of the structure is replaced with a hardening solution.