SU122242A3 - A method of making net-like materials from spun cellulose solutions or melts of polyamides, polyesters, etc. and device for implementing the method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for making network-like materials from spinning solutions of cellulose or from melts of polyamides, polyesters, etc. The resulting network-like materials are similar in structure to the networks produced on hall machines.

The peculiarity of the described method is that, to simplify the process of manufacturing these materials, spinning solutions or melts are forced through two mutually moving spinnerets, when the holes of which do not coincide, the threads of the material are formed, and if the holes of the threads coincide with each other, to form after which the formed net-like material is subjected to processing in a known manner to secure it.

For carrying out the method, a device is proposed using a loading hopper and a screw for forcing a spinning dope or a melt. The device comprises a feeding chamber separated by a grid from the cavity of the screw, which communicates with a punching chamber located under it and having a tapered cavity, in which two spinnerets are mounted, and a device for fixing the formed network-like material mounted under the spinnerets, consisting of a tank filled with the fixing fluid, two tons of rollers and a guide roller.

13, two replaceable annular coaxially mounted dies, one or both of which receive different

No. 122242-. 2 -

the direction and speed of the rotational or reciprocating rotational motion from the general drive of the device through chain drives. Such dies are used to make, for example, p tubular net-like material. For the manufacture of, for example, flat net-like materials, two rectangular spinnerets are used, one of which or both receive reciprocating motion, and for the manufacture of net-like materials with threads of different profiles, with holes in the form of grooves or circular channels that converge in me, at the exit of the spinning dope or melt from the die.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the device using interchangeable collet, coaxially mounted, nozzles; in fig. 2 is a section along AA in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a perspective view in section of two interchangeable annular coaxially mounted nozzles of FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a sectional view of two straight dies; in fig. 5 is the same, the view from the bottom; in fig. 6 - the same, perspective view; in fig. 7 is a sectional view of a part of the spinnerets with gutter-like openings; Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a portion of the spinnerets with openings in the form of converging circular channels; in fig. 9 - the nature and general appearance of the resulting network-like materials.

When using replaceable annular coaxial nozzles 1 and 2, which receive relative continuous rotational or reciprocating rotational movement in the direction transverse to the direction of melt pressing, the thermoplastic mass is supplied from the hopper 3 equipped with a heated jacket to the pipeline 4 and the screw 5 rotating continuously is fed into the feeding chamber 6 through the metal mesh 7. The chamber 6 is equipped with a heated jacket to maintain the temperature required for the sale of the auger mass Lebanon. At the upper end of the chamber there is an epiploon 8 and a bearing for a vertical rotating shaft 9, and its lower end is connected to the extrusion chamber 10.

The cavity of the chamber 10 has conical walls //, and the lower end of the chamber 10 can be folded and an annular flange-die is mounted on it, on the outer circumferential wall of which there is a groove 12. A removable split cylinder or sleeve 13 is mounted on the chamber 10 and surrounds the spinneret / , providing the possibility of its removal and replacement with another filleroy.

The cylinder 13 is heated in a known manner by the jacket 14 and has an annular protrusion entering into the anchor 12 or a guide 15.

The lower end of the inner rounded wall 16 of the spinneret / ends with a beveled annular guide 17, in which there is a group of nozzle holes 18 of a corresponding cross section that are separated from each other. The drive die / can be implemented, for example, through the sprocket 19, the chain 20, covering the second sprocket 21, and the engine 22.

The shaft 9 bears on itself a replaceable inner die 2 interacting with the die. The conical wall 11 of the chamber 10 and the conical wall of the spinneret 2 create an annular conical distribution channel 23 serving to pass the melt (mass).

The lower end of the die 2 terminates in an annular guide 24 coinciding with the annular rail 17 of the die.

On the guide 24 there are holes 25 located opposite to the openings 18 of the guide 17.

The shaft 9 is suspended on a ball or roller support bearing 26 above the seal 8, and the upper end of the shaft is installed in the support 27 and and the thrust bearing 28.

Between the two bearings on the shaft 9 spliced sprocket 29, rotated by a chain from the engine 30.

On both sides of the sprocket 29, there is a thread on the shaft for adjustable nuts and locking nuts 31 and 32 for mounting the nozzles 2. By mutually adjusting these nuts, a proper sliding engagement is maintained between the contact guides 17 and 24.

During operation, assuming continuous opposing rotation of the nozzles / and 2, the melt is driven by screw 5 from pipe 4 through chamber 6 and an annular conical channel 23. The mass brought to the upper holes of the nozzle is driven into them and continuously pressed through the nozzles of the nozzles. If the holes of the nozzles 7 and 2 do not coincide, threads of material are formed, and if the holes coincide, the threads of the filaments form to form the cells of the material.

Since during the entire p-process the punching takes place continuously, the rotating nozzles continuously and alternately form intersection nodes and cell branches, and thus a tubular net-like material is obtained. The extruded tubular material protruding from the spinnerets is pulled along a vertical cylindrical stand 33 designed to maintain the diameter of the tubular fabric during its fastening or setting and ensuring its uniform transportation.

Stand 33 may be surrounded by a tension ring 34. The material passes between the stand and the ring, the latter being supported on the material with appropriate friction, thus ensuring the leveling of the material tension.

To obtain a flat material in final form, a longitudinal cutting disk 35 can be mounted under the stand 33.

The cut material is pulled down through a pair of roller 36, from which the product is diverted, for example, along the roller 37 to the corresponding folding or assembly point. If the fastening or setting of the thread occurs by immersion in a liquid, then the transporting mechanism is placed in the tank 38 with the coolant.

When using rectilinear dies moving back and forth transversely with respect to the direction of forcing, the feed pipe and the discharge screw 5 feed the melt through the metal mesh 7 into the feed chamber 6, where the proper temperature is maintained by the heater 39.

In this case, the bursting chamber 40, having a heater 41, is provided with downwardly directed protrusions 42, from each of which a longitudinal protrusion or guide 43 comes in, along KOTOpoii slides dies 44 and 45 during reciprocating p-down motion.

Opposite-mounted spinnerets 44 and 45 have straight grooves 46 and 47. Guides 43 enter these depressions, which, together with the fork guides 48 and 49, direct the movement of the spinnerets 44 and 45, limited by thrust ball bearings 50, whose pressure can be adjusted mounting screws 51.

The dies 44 and 45 have tapered bevelled surfaces 52 and 55 and holes 54 and 55. In FIG. 5 shows the longitudinal extent of the nozzles.

According to the invention, network-like materials with various patterns and threads of different profiles can be obtained. For this, pr5; my no.

No. 122242

Dies with holes, for example, in the form of grooves 56 or 57, are also used. Dies with holes in the form of circular converging channels 58 located on both sides of the line separating both dies, indicated by 59 and 60, can also be used. moreover, the channels 38 converge at the point where the spinning solution or the melt leaves the die. In accordance with the aforementioned filter holes, materials with filaments of different profiles can be obtained.

When fabricating net-like materials from thin filaments of the melt, the distance between the nozzles of the nozzles is reduced by the corresponding Pattern, and in any case, the cell size of the material can be reduced by reducing this distance, and the minimum should be not less than the diameter or transverse dimensions of the holes.

Using the described device with the use of replaceable coaxial annular and rectangular dies with different types of holes in the rotational or reciprocating movement of the dies, as well as in the movement of only one of them, it is possible to obtain network-like narrow panels, ribbons, etc. materials.

The nature and general appearance of the net-like materials obtained is demonstrated (by the diagrams in Fig. 9.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. Method of making net-like materials from spinning solutions of cellulose or polyamide melts, polyethers, etc., characterized in that, in order to simplify the manufacturing process, spinning solutions or melts push through two mutually moving fillers, with the discrepancy of the openings of which are formed strands of the material, and when the holes coincide, bond the strands with each other to form the cells of the material, after which the formed net-like material is processed in a known way to fix it. 2. A device for carrying out the method of claim 1 using a hopper and a screw to press the spinning solution or melt, characterized in that it includes a feeding chamber separated from the auger cavity by a grid, which communicates with a chamber located below it and having a tapered cavity pushes, in which two dies are mounted, and a device installed under the dies for fixing the formed network-like material, consisting of a tank filled with a fixing liquid, two a roller and a guide roller 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to manufacture, for example, a tubular net-like material, two interchangeable annular, coaxially mounted dies, one of which or both receive different software direction and rotational speed, are used or reciprocating from the general drive of the device through chain drives. 4. A device according to claim 2, characterized in that, in order to manufacture, for example, flat network-like materials, two rectangular dies, one of which or both receive a reciprocating motion, are used. 5. The form of the device according to claim 4, characterized in that, in order to manufacture network-like materials with threads of different profiles, the spinnerets are used with holes in the form of grooves or in the form of round channels converging at the point of exit from the spinneret solution or melt. i J 5 23 4f 50 5f Fig.Z mwf MM 57, 60