SU1219442A1 - Cargo vehicle body - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the transport engineering industry and can be used for transportation of bulk, lumpy, as well as adhering and unused cargoes on vehicles.

The aim of the invention is to improve the performance of the body by increasing its durability and reliability.

FIG. 1 shows the body in the initial position (before loading), axonometrics; in fig. 2 - the same, with spring-loaded panels, side view; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 - the same in the loaded state; in fig. 5 - hinging of elastic panels on the body frame, axonometrics.

The body of a cargo vehicle, such as a dump truck, contains a frame 1 formed by the longitudinal 2 and transverse 3 elements. Convex elastic panels 4 are attached to the frame 1, which in the initial state occupy a convex equilibrium position and are connected to the frame 1 along two opposite edges by hinges, consisting of axes 5 mounted on the frame 1, covered by local fenders 6 edges elastic panels 4. The longitudinal axes of the panels are oriented in the direction of tipping (Fig. 1).

Axes 5 can be rigidly fixed to frame 1, and the flanging 6 edges of panels 4 mounted on them can be rotated, or axis 5 mounted to frame 1 can be rotated, and elastic panels 4 are rigidly connected to them.

The convex panels 4 are spring-loaded in the direction from the frame 1 by means of elastic elements located between the frame 1 and the panels 4. The elastic elements can be made in the form of leaf springs 7 supported along the edges on the supports mounted on the frame in the form of rollers 8 (Fig. 2).

In the joint area of the edges of the two elastic panels 4, a plate 9 is installed, freely supported along the edges onto the adjacent edges of the elastic panels 4. The plate 9 is connected to the frame 1 by a spring 10.

Convex elastic panels can be made, for example, from sheet metal and hardened in a convex state or reinforced fiberglass. The number of elastic panels can significantly increase the damping characteristics of the body.

However, the required characteristics of the body, determined by calculation for a particular type of cargo, can be provided

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cheny and one convex panel, fixed in the area of the side walls of the body.

The bodywork is performed as follows.

When loading the body, for example, with a shovel excavator, the first portion of the load falls into the body on convex elastic basements 4, which, elastically deforming, transfer the impact pulse to the leaf springs 7 installed under them. in the form of heat to the surrounding space. When a load hits the plate 9, the shock pulse is transmitted to the elastic panels 4 and is damped due to the elastic deformation of the plates 9, springs 7, and partially due to the friction of the edges of the plate 9 against the panel 4. When the load closes the entire surface of the elastic panels 4 and the load from it the weights will reach a critical value, the panels 4 lose stability, bend to contact with the frame 1 and occupy a concave equilibrium position. At the same time, the springs 7 are also deflected, and the plate 9 tightly closes the joint connection of the edges of the panels 4 with the frame 1. The subsequent body loading is carried out with concave panels 4, and the damping of the impacts of the incident weight is provided by an elastic cushion of the first load portion. The critical load in this case is determined by the total stiffness of the elastic panels 4 and the springs 7. When unloading the vehicle, the body is unloaded. As the body is emptied, the load on the elastic panels 4 decreases, and at the moment when its value is less critical, the elastic panels 4 under the action of the force of the bent springs 7 sharply restore the original convex shape. An impulse is communicated to the remnants of the load, ensuring the detachment of the adhered cargo particles from the surface of the panels 4 and the plates 9, after which the remnants of the cargo release the body.

When transporting freezing cargoes, a sharp restoration of the convex shape of the elastic panels 4 ensures cracking of the frozen cargo and facilitates its unloading.

During unloading, the critical load is determined by the difference in the stiffnesses of the elastic panels 4 and springs 7, i.e. its value is less than in the case of loading the body. By varying the stiffness of the elastic panels and springs, it is possible to provide optimum body damping characteristics and the required impulse to throw off residues 1 ruz when unloading the body.

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Claims (4)

1. BODY OF A FREIGHT VEHICLE, mainly a dump truck, having a frame formed by longitudinal and transverse elements and convex elastic panels fixed on it at two opposite edges, characterized in that, in order to improve operational characteristics by increasing durability and reliability, the edges of the panels are fixedly fixed car FIG. 1 case and connected with it by hinges, while the panels are spring-loaded in the direction from the frame, and the elastic elements are located between the frame and the panels, and the stiffness of the elastic elements is greater than the stiffness of the panel. 2. Body by π. 1, characterized in that on the adjacent edges of the elastic panels mounted spring-loaded in the direction of the frame plate, the edges of which are freely supported on the edges of the panels. 3. Body by π. 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the damping properties, the elastic elements are made in the form of leaf springs mounted on supports mounted on a frame. 4. Body by π. 1, characterized in that. that the hinges are made in the form of axes fixed to the frame, grasped by local flanging of the edges of the elastic panels.