SU1218961A1 - Gang sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, sowing technology, and can be used for sowing seeds, mineral fertilizers and other solid particles.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce damage to the seeds and simplify the design.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed cassette sowing apparatus at the time of reflection of seeds of different diameters, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - section A-A in FIG. one.

The proposed apparatus comprises a hopper 1 with seeds 2 and 3, in the bottom 4 of which there is an outlet 5, a removable gate 6 with this wire w, a hole 7, spring-loaded (spring not shown) along the height of the plate 8. And the angle of inclination of the bottom of the hopper the gate and the hole 5 is 5-10.

The proposed cassette metering apparatus operates as follows.

Depending on the size of seeds 2 and 3, which need to be planted, a replaceable gate 6 is selected with one or another of these conducting holes 7. Compared with the size of medium calibrated seeds 2 and 3, the diameter of hole 7 in gate 6 must be 20 more -25%, and its height is 10-15% less. The diameter of the hole 5 in the bottom 4 of the hopper 1 must exceed the maximum diameter of the largest seeds 3. The selected removable gate is installed under the bottom of the bunker 1 with the possibility of reciprocating motion. Medium-calibrated seeds 2 and 3 are poured into the seed bunker 1. Gate 6 is brought by moving it to the charging position when the axis of the hole 7 of the gate 6 and the holes 5 in the bottom 4 of the bunker 1 coincide. At the same time, seeds 3 or 2 fill the hole 7 of the gate 6, holding on the spring-loaded plate 8. Moreover, most of the seeds 2 or 3, characterized by their size exceeding the height of the hole 7 of the gate 6, do not fully enter the hole 7. After charging The openings 7 of the gate with 6 seeds 3 are attached to the spider b by the translational movement towards seeding. At the beginning of this movement, the seeds 3, which rise above the surface of the gate 6 when they interact with the edge of the hole 5 in the bottom 4 of the hopper 1, move the spring-loaded plate 8 down and completely submerge into the hole 7 of the gate 6. At the same time, this 2, lying on the seed 3, partially immersed in the hole 7 of the gate 6 at a depth of h kr, where k is the coefficient characterizing the friction angle of the seed

five

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0 Q 5

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at their reflection; g - the radius of the reflected seeds.

Upon further movement of the gate 6 to the sowing site and the interaction of seed 2 at point b with the edge of hole 5 in bottom 4 of bin 1, seed 2 is reflected without damage to bin 1. Lack of damage to seed 2 was made possible by the fact that the point of application of a reflecting force is located in the optimal conditions for this, i.e., practically in the common plane of the gate and bottom. At the end of the translational movement of the gate 6, the latter is brought to the seeding position when the plate 8 does not overlap the opening 7 of the gate 6 from below. Seeding of intact seeds occurs.

Use in the proposed cassette seeding apparatus as a reflecting surface of the inclined walls of the bottom of the bunker moves the point of application of the reflecting force from point a (which is typical of the known apparatus) down the arc ab to point h. Moreover, as the point of application of the reflecting force approaches the common plane of the cut of the bottom and the gate, the range of seed damage increases (coefficient K in the ratio h kr increases). At gentle slopes, for example 5-10 °, forming a cone to the surface of the gate, the point of application of the reflecting force practically coincides with the point B located on the common plane of the bottom and gate. Under these conditions, the range of seed damage at a friction angle, for example, 30 °, is described by the ratio, 5 g, i.e., it increases by 1.8 times compared with the known value.

For optimal implementation of the proposed device, it is important that the gate and the bottom of the bunker match without a gap. The absence of a gap results in the presence of a common cutter plane of the gib and bottom of the bunker and the point of application of the reflecting force at gentle angles of inclination, for example, 5-10 ° practically lies in this plane, which is the best way to reflect the seeds into the bunker. If there is a gap between the gate and the bottom of the bunker, the point of application of the reflecting force is located above the surface of the gate, which contributes to an increase in the range of damage to seeds when they are reflected in the bunker.

It should be noted that the use of shallower (than 5–10 °) angles of inclination of the cone to the common cutting plane of the gate and the bottom of the bunker when implementing the device is not effective, since it is accompanied by bottom thinning.

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Claims (2)

1. CARTRIDGE SOWING UNIT containing a seed hopper, the bottom wall of which is inclined to the outlet until they intersect with the lower edge of the latter and mounted under the bottom with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the gate with the seed-conducting hole, and overlapping from below the last spring-loaded movable height plate , characterized in that, in order to reduce damage to the seeds and simplify the design, the top of the angle of inclination of the bottom is conjugated with the upper surface of the gate. 2. The apparatus by π. 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the bottom to the gate is 5-10 °. Figure 1