SU1218105A1 - Apparatus for directional breaking of monolithic objects - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used in the stone-processing industry for blasting and cutting blocks, as well as for the directional destruction of various mineral media and monolithic objects.

The aim of the invention is to improve the reliability of the device by increasing the durability of the cheeks and wedge.

FIG. 1 shows schematically the proposed device, a general view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section BB in FIG. one.

The device contains a drive in the form of a hydraulic cylinder 1 with a piston (not shown), a rod 2 with a four-sided wedge spacer 3, on the sides of which there are two spacer cheeks 4 and 5 and two cheeks 6 and 7 with pinning elements 8 and 9, return springs 10 and I and the additional flexible resilient V-shaped elements 12 and 13, which are located between the cheeks 6 and 7 with the pinning elements 8 and 9 and the spacer wedge 3, are fixed with their lateral edges on the non-working surfaces of the cheeks 4 and 5 and are in contact along the entire length with the cheeks b and 7. The cheeks 6 and 7 are shaped in cross section sector. The internal angle of the elements 12 and 13 is greater than 90 °. In the spacer wedge, 3 faces facing the cheeks 6 and 7 with V-shaped protrusions, have on their surfaces longitudinal V-shaped depressions 14 and 15 along the entire length, in which V-shaped elements 12 and 13 are placed. unwanted rotation of the cheeks 4-7 in the transverse plane during operation, their head parts are placed in the radial grooves 16-19, made in the lower part of the housing of the hydraulic cylinder 1.

The device works as follows.

The device is inserted into the previously drilled hole of the working body (cheeks 4-7 and wedge 3) so that the points of the pinning elements 8 and 9 are located in the plane of the split. When creating pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 1, the rod 2 with the wedge 3 begins to move downward. At the same time, under pressure

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0

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By wedge 3, the spacer cheeks 4 and 5 are set in motion in the radial direction and through the flexible elastic elements 12 and-13 act on the cheeks 6 and 7 with the pinning elements 8 and 9, which also move in the radial direction. Since the inner corners of elements 12 and 13 are greater than 90 °, the cheeks b and 7 with the pinning elements 8 and 9 acquire a greater speed of radial movement, which provides a leading effect on the rock of the pinning elements 8 and 9 with respect to the spreading cheeks 4 and 5. As a result This in the plane of the split in the rock creates concentrated stresses leading to the development of a crack. Upon further movement of the wedge, the pinning elements 8 and 9 are inserted along the developing crack, deepening it and simultaneously acting as an additional wedge, and the expansion cheeks 4 and 5, using the created weakening of the rock in the plane of the split, produce a final split until the stem 2 with a wedge 3 will not come to the lowest position. In this case, the elements 12 and 13 are completely rectified, and the pinning elements 8 and 9 are completely included in the cracks formed. During the reverse movement of the stem 2 with the wedge 3, the cheeks 4–7, the pinning elements 8 and 9 and the V-shaped elements 12 and 13, under the action of the springs 10 and 11, return to their original position. The application of the invention makes it possible to increase the durability of the spacer cheeks and the wedge, since the presence of additional V-shaped elements placed between the cheeks with pinning elements and the spacer wedge allows radial movement of the cheeks with pinning elements accelerated in relation to the spacer cheeks, and not pyramidal , and the usual wedge with parallel non-working side faces. As a result, the contact area of the spacer cheeks with the wedge increases and the wear rate of the cheeks decreases, i.e., their durability increases. in- b

No

6

Phage.2

Compiled by O. Popov

Editor L. Veselovska Tehred I. VeresKorrektor A. Zimokosov

Order 1100/42 Circulation 470Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries

113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab. 4/5

Branch PPP "Patent, Uzhgorod, st. Project, 4

fig.Z

Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR DIRECTED DESTRUCTION OF MONOLITHIC OBJECTS, including a drive, a rod connected to it with a tetrahedral wedge, spacer cheeks connected to the drive body and adjacent working surfaces to the working faces of the wedge, cheeks with pinning elements adjacent to the faces of the wedge, adjacent working faces, and tightening cheeks return springs, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the device by increasing the durability of the cheeks and the wedge, the device is equipped with flexible elastic V-shaped elements, rigidly connected the sealed ends of diverging branches with non-working surfaces of the spacer cheeks and placed between the cheeks with hardening elements and a wedge, while the adjacent surfaces of the latter along the entire length are respectively made with longitudinal V-shaped protrusions and mating V-shaped depressions, and the spacer cheeks and working g faces of the wedge have a constant width along their length. G figure 1