SU1214456A1 - Feeder for worm press - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to polymer equipment for feeding worm presses with powdered or comminuted friable material (for example, crushed fibers or film) and can be used in chemical industry and mechanical engineering in the processing of polymeric and other materials with low and unstable bulk weight and granulometric composition. prone to clumping and arching.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the performance of the screw press by stabilizing its feeding.

FIG. 1 shows the feeder and hour of the screw press, general view, section; in fig. 2 is a transverse p / 13 of the loading neck of a screw press along a degassing opening, section A-A in FIG. one; Fig. 3 and 4 variants of the implementation of a replaceable retaining washer.

The feeder contains a mat 1, a loading bunker including an upper cylindrical part 2 rigidly connected to a vertical conical part 3 inclined with respect to the vertical, passing into the lower cylindrical part 4 ending with a flange 5.

Between the flange 5 and the flange 6 of the screw press 7 with a plasticizing screw 8, a replaceable retaining washer 9 is installed, made annular (FIG. 3) or detachable in the form of a gate (FIG. 4), having at least one projection 10 along its internal diameter Forming the middle conical part 3 is placed on the same line in a vertical plane with the forming top 2 and bottom 4 cylindrical parts.

The vertical feed screw to 11, which runs along the vertical wall of the loading hopper, has a screw cut, which ends at the level (Cshanza 5, then the feed screw to 11 is rigidly connected to the stem of the lining of smaller diameter 12, on which the upper loosened blade 13 is fixed, mounted for feeding up, lower pressing blades 14 for feeding down, drive pulleys 15 and 16 are attached to the upper part of the feeding screw 11.

In the lower conical part 3, the loading hopper is rigidly fixed.

at least one spiral element 17, directed opposite to the direction of the screw threading of the feeding screw 11.

On the lower cylindrical part 4 of the feed hopper, water is attached to the jacket 18 from the outside with connections for discharge 19 and drain 20.

In the loading neck 21 of the screw press 7, an undercut 22 extends to the inner wall is made, which passes into the degassing hole 23, the angle of inclination of whose lower wall to the horizontal is greater than the angle of repose of the material being processed.

Krshka 1 contains a pipe 24 for feeding the processed material and a pipe 25 for discharging gases, vapors and volatile substances. The front wall of the cylinder of the press 7 is made with an undercut 26. The inner diameter of the retaining washer 9 and the diameter of the lower cylindrical part 4 are chosen to be smaller than the diameter of the opening of the feed neck 21 of the screw press 7.

The upper loose blade 13 of the agitator 12 is set to feed the material upwards, the subsequent pressing 14 to feed downward. The distance from the end of the screw threading of the feeding screw 11 to the upper loose blade 13 of the agitator 12 and between its subsequent blades is smaller than the tip of the screw threading of the feeding screw 115 and at the end of the rod of the agitator 12 the blades 14 are set opposite to the direction of cutting the screwing screw B . The number of pressing blades 14 at the end of the rod is one more than the number of visits of the plasticizing screw.

The feeder works as follows.

The material entering through the feed port 24 fills the feed hopper. The gas that was transported by the material and which is discharged in the process of operation is taken out of the feed hopper through the degassing nozzle 25 - the discharge of gases.

Passage W 1st tangentially to the vertical wall of the loading hopper feeding the worm to 11 presses the material in the cylindrical lower part 4 and pushes it through the retaining plate 9. Pressing the material with the feeding screw 11 facilitates the spiral | 17th element, medium conical

3-

part 3. of the loading bunker and the removable retaining washer itself 9.

The material hangs on the walls of the loading bunker, the formation of arches is excluded by its position — one wall is vertical, and the angle of inclination of the bottom wall of the middle conical part 3 to the horizontal is greater than the angle of repose of the material being processed. This position contributes to the circulation of the material in the feed hopper and its automatic entry into the feed screw 11 as it is consumed.

The compressed material is pressed through the replacement retaining washer 9, is cut with its fixed protrusion 10, additionally loosened by the blade 13 and fed to the plasticizing screw to the eight screw press 7. The presence of the difference in the feed step of the screw 11 and the blades 13 and 14 of the rotator 12 destroys the monolithic tube of the pressed material. This is necessary to improve the loading conditions of the plasticizing screw 8 of the screw press 7 and degassing.

The implementation of the lower cylindrical part 4 with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the loading neck 2} of the screw press 7 ensures free spilling of the compressed lumps onto the plastic screw of the screw press 7 to the screw press 7 without its delay by the cylindrical part of the loading neck of the screw screw 7, and also contributes to proper waste of gases

The operating conditions of the screw press 7 approach the working conditions on the granular material.

In order to avoid clogging of the degassing opening 23 of the loading neck 21 of the screw press 7 with a material carried by gases or material coming from the feed screw 11, an expanding undercut 22 is made in the loading neck 21, the lower inclined wall of which provides shedding of the carried material back into the plasticizing worm to 8 a screw of a press 7. A material gripped by a plasticizing screw 8 forms a moving roller of the material near the front wall of the charging neck 21.

In order to better grip the material, the plasticizing screw 8 and the material will not get into the undercut 22 of the front wall of the cylinder.

56

The screw press 7 is made with undercut 26, which ensures that the material is pinched in the wedge gap and improves its flow into the channel of the plasticizing screw 8 and the fence. For the subpressure of the material in the form of lumps entering the plasticizing worm to 8, the lower pressing blades 14 of the feeding screw I1 are fixed in

the direction opposite to the back flow of the powder in a screw press 7.

The number of pressing blades 14 of the agitator 12 is one more than the number of visits of the plasticizing screw 8,

which ensures continuous pressing of lumps, regardless of the position of the rounding of the plasticizing screw 8 in the cross-sectional plane of the loading neck 21 of the screw press 7.

By replacing the replacement retaining washers 9 or by moving their parts, you can change the flow area for the material leaving the feed screw I1 and thereby change the amount of pressing, i.e. Mechanical strength of lumps Heat released during the process of pressing a material is taken off by a water jacket 18 fixed on the lower cylindrical part 4 of the feed hopper.

. The use of a feeder with a length of the lower cylindrical part 4 of more than 1.5 times the diameter of the feeder screw 11 is impractical, since this leads to significant costs of paving, heat generation and possible fusing of the material.

Thus, the presence of a vertical wall at the entire height of the loading hopper, made with a common forming for cylindrical 2, 4 and conical 3 parts, and the angle of inclination on the bottom wall of the conical part of a larger angle of repose, ensures unhindered sliding of the material downwards. under its own weight, it contributes to a better capture of the material by feeding the screw 11 and prevents it from arching. The material itself slides into the channels of the turns of the feeding screw 11.

Making the diameters of the lower cylindrical part 4 and the retaining washer 9 smaller than the diameter of the loading neck 21 of the screw press 7 provides an increase in volume

.five

the loading neck 21 at an equal length with the cylindrical part of the bunker and this ensures the mobility of the lumps obtained after the worm feed, their best grip by the plasticizing screw 8, the possibility of degassing, non-pressing of the press neck.

The end of the screw threading of the screw worm 11 on the flange line 5 turns the feed neck 21 into a chamber that is not completely filled with clumped material, which ensures good degassing conditions and a binder with a plasticizing screw 8 of the lumpy material.

The upper blade 13 of the agitator 12 is made to feed upward in order to break the incoming tube of compressed material into individual clods. The use of the structure, when the distance from the end of the screw threading of the feeding screw 11 to the upper blade of the agitator 12 and between the subsequent blades is less than the pitch of the screw threading of the feeding screw of the screw 11, contributes to the crushing of the compressed material into pieces and thereby improves their seizure with a plasticizing screw 8, If this distance is equal to the pitch of the screw thread of the screw of the worm 11, then the pressed material tube will be cut into a spiral, but if it is more, the crushing efficiency will deteriorate, and crushing will occur. ressovan- | Nogo material.

Oppositely directed fixing of the lower pressing blades 14 at the end of the rod of the agitator 12 in the direction of the turns plasticizing

144564

screw 8 contributes to the forced feeding of material into the conical gap formed by the pressing blade 14 and plasticizing. 8 common press worms; in the same direction, material is ejected from this gap.

The number of pressing blades 14 is received per unit more than the number of 10 visits of a plasticizing screw 8 in order to accompany each subsequent crest of the plasticizing screw 8 when it approaches the front wall of the loading neck 21. 5 Using a larger number of pressing blades 14 will block the free access of the material to turns of the plasticizing screw 8 and worsen the working conditions. This dependence is established 20 experimentally.

The presence of a replaceable retaining washer 9 provides the possibility of the required degree of pressing depending on the material properties, and the inward protrusion — 25 slits the pressed-in material tube.

A degassing orifice 23 makes it possible to connect degassing or evacuating means, and the expansion of the inner wall of the loading neck 21 prevents it from being blocked by the material being processed, the inclination of the bottom wall contributes to the accumulation of material into the coils .JJ of the plasticizing screw 8. Undercut 26 of the worm cylinder npeccgk 7 improves the conditions of material capture by a worm.

Good performance of the screw press 7 is provided with a non-hollow filled loading neck.

vw ov c o c wc v vwJ Ks to s ocvvS S.

ig.1

FC & 3

0iu. ff

Claims (2)

1. FEED WORM PRESS, containing a loading hopper in the form of an upper cylindrical part, a middle conical and lower cylindrical part connected by means of flanges to the loading neck of the worm press, a feeding screw with screw thread and a agitator in the form of a rod c. blades, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of the worm press by stabilizing its power supply, the hopper is equipped with a retaining washer located between the flanges of the lower cylindrical part and the filler neck and having at least one protrusion along its inner diameter, and forming a middle conical part placed on the same line in a vertical plane with the generators of the upper and lower cylindrical parts, along which the feeding worm is located, the agitator is rigidly connected to the feeding the worm and is located in its lower part after screw cutting, the end of which is located at the level of the flange of the loading hopper, and the inner diameter of the retaining washer and the diameter of the lower cylindrical part are chosen smaller than the diameter of the opening of the loading neck of the worm press. 2. The feeder according to claim I, characterized in that a degassing hole and an undercut expanding in the direction of the loading hopper are made in the loading neck of the worm press. SU, .., 1214456>