SU1207435A1 - Mounted toothless drag harrow - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to forestry and agriculture, agroforestry production and land reclamation and can be used for uprooting trimmed stumps, shrubs and small scrubber, combing out root debris with a continuous clearing, forming single and double rolls, collecting root residues and stumps in heaps, transporting heaps to storage sites.

 The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities by providing for clearing cropped stumps, shrubs, and combing out root debris.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the hanging trash, general view; in fig. 2 - the same, front view; in fig. 3 - the same, side view; 4 is a transverse beam, front view; in fig. 5 -. Same side view; 6 is a section A-A in FIG. five; in fig. 7 is a side beam, front view; FIG. 8 section bb in Fig.7; in fig. 9 - hinged tooth scraper, side view; in fig. 10 is a section bb In figure 9; in fig. 11 is a section of GGD in FIG. 9; in fig. 12 is a view of D in FIG. eleven; in fig. 13 - hinged scraper tooth with a parabolic stand in the coordinate system; in fig. 14 shows section EE of FIG. 2 (along the axis of symmetry of the tooth on the side beam); in fig. 15 is a section of an LF in FIG. 2 (along the axis of symmetry of the tooth on the transverse beam); in fig. 16 is a kinematic diagram of in-scraps in the form of a collector and a stump picker, heaping and shifting them to storage locations., Stumps; in fig. 17 - the same, in the variant of the shrub rake and root brush comb.

The hanging trailer (Figures 1-3) contains an articulated frame of transverse 1, lateral left 2 and right 3 beams. On beams 1-3 are placed tooth 4. / Side beams 2 and 3 are connected to transverse beam 1 by means of axles 5 and 6; The brackets 7 and 8 use BOM pins 9 and 10 to hold the hydraulic cylinders 11 turns of the side beams 2 and 3. Teeth 4. In the upper part they are equipped with cranks 12. Curves of 12 teeth 4 are connected to each other 13.

On the transverse beam 1 (Figures 1-5) there are hinge brackets 14 and

15dl mounted with tractors of class 30-50 kN. Hinge fingers

16 and 17 are used for coupling with tractor tractors of 50 kN class and finger 18, together with stepped fingers 17, allow the hinged trailer to be mounted on tractors of traction class 30-40 kN. Such a constructive solution of a technical problem allows the implement to be made universal and to integrate it with tractors of any class when operating in a wide variety of conditions.

The cross-section beam 1 (Fig. 4-6) of square section is made in the form of an equilateral trapezium. Trapezoidal to the shape of the transverse beam 1 provides rigidity to the design of the entire frame and is simultaneously a sieve. Coy when transporting stumps and logging residues. Brackets 15 and 14 of the hinge plate are placed on horizontal bars 19 and 20, and brackets 21 and 22 are fixed on the back side of these bars 19 and 20 for connection with side beams 2 and 3. Brackets of 8 hydraulic cylinders 11 turn are welded on the end part of the lower horizontal bar 20 The side beams 2 and 3. In the brackets 8, 21 and 22 there are hubs made of hardened 40X steel, which are sliding bearings paired with the fingers 10 and the axles 5 and 6.

The side beams 2 and 3 (fig. 7) in the upper form of a non-equilateral lateral trapezoid and i contain the upper short 24 and lower; long 25 horizontal bars, vertical 26 and inclined 27 bars. On the bar 25 are placed the sleeves 28 for the installation of the teeth 4, in which the fluoroplastic bearings are placed; 29 (FIG. 8). Similar in design sleeve 28 is placed on the ends of the horizontal 24 and 25 bars, with which the beams 2.I 3 are connected with the brackets 21 and 22 of the transverse beam 1, as well as the axes 5 and 6.

The tooth 4 (FIGS. 9-13) of the mounted scraper is made of round section, and its stand 30 is parabolic ,. The full implementation of the stand 30 along a parabolic curve ensures a smooth rise of stumps and root residues in the initial section of tooth 4 when it is uplifted, deeper from the soil layer, and later their rotation, shift and rotational movement as the stumps move and put them in rolls . The lower portion of the tooth 4 operates in an abrasive environment, where intense wear occurs. For this reason, a removable tip 31 is placed on the lower portion of the rack 30 of the tooth 4, which is fixed on the rack 30 using a rivet pin 32. The tip 31 has the same stem diameter as the rack 30. On the upper part of the rack 30 of the tooth 4 in its face placed press-lubricant 33 for supplying grease c. sliding bearings 29 sleeves 28, placed in beams 1-3. On the cylindrical surface of the rack 30 in its upper part there is a stop ring 34, which receives vertical loads on the tooth 4. The tooth 4 is axially displaced in the sleeves 28 and is limited by means of a washer 35 and bolts 36, screwed into the end portion of the rack 30 into the threaded holes 37. The cylindrical part of the post 30 has a keyway 38 for fixing the crank 12 with a key 39 (Figures 9, 11 and 14). The structural difference is made by the stand 30 of the middle tooth 4, placed on the transverse beam 1 (Fig. 15), on the cylindrical part of which a keyway 40 is cut all the way to the stop ring 34. The key 41 fixes the tooth 4 to the direction of movement. The cranks 12 are interconnected by bolts 13 and pins 42 (Figs. 14 and 15). The sleeve 43 of the transverse beam 1 is provided with two keyways 44.

Before starting work, the pillars are hung on the rear hitch, and if necessary, on the front hitch of the aggregated tractor by means of brackets 14 and 15 of the hitch of the gun, as well as fingers 16, 17 and 18. The lower hitch hinges of the tractor on its frame are placed on a three-point adjustment, and The lateral displacements of the gun in operation and transport position are limited by chains. In the future, the hoses from the side sections of the tractor's hydraulic distributor are connected to the fittings of the hydraulic shields 11. The tool is ready for operation.

When double rolls are formed, the teeth 4 have a direction coinciding with the direction of movement of the aggregated tractor. By the cylinders 11, the side beams 2 and 3 are turned in such a way that the distance between the tracks of the teeth. 4 less miniO

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

0

five

smallest diameter of the lobe of stubbed stumps The gun is hydraulically tractor is lowered to the surface of the uprooted, forest belt. When the tractor is moving, the teeth 4 due to the drag that arises from the front angle and the sharpening angle of the removable tip 31 ,. and also, under the weight of the gun, they are buried to a depth of 10–15 cm, the magnitude of which is limited by the attachment lanyard of the tractor. This depth of travel of the teeth 4 has a positive effect on the rise of the stubbed stumps on the surface of the stubbed strip. Parabolic stance 30 of tooth 4 contributes to the rotation of the mon around its transverse axis and rolling the mon to the side. The placement of the ends of the teeth 4 on the beams 2 and 3 in the form of a wedge contributes to their movement to the left and right of the axis of the gun.

Thus, when moving the gun, two rows of stumps are formed. When the aggregate is moving in the shuttle mode, double stump rolls are formed. The resulting rolls of stumps and root debris are removed with a PDO-3 serial machine. If there are a large number of root residues in the soil after the lifting, a tool is used to form a single roll. To do this, the teeth 4 are rotated around an axis in the sleeves 28, and the middle tooth 4 is removed from the sleeve 43, the rods 13 being interconnected by a pin 42. In this case, the side teeth 4 of the beams 2 and 3 come first, and Further, when moving the root debris from the peripheral teeth to the central ones, the rest. Root residues coming from the soil to the rack 30 are smoothly removed from the soil in the initial part, and during movement upward, there is a sharp rise along the rack, their turnover and shift.

Korchevka and collecting stumps produced when placing the teeth on the beams 1,

2 and 3 according to the scheme shown in FIG. 16. The distance between the ends of the extreme teeth 4 when working between the rows is set at 30-50 cm less than the width of the rows between when the rows of shrub in mixed forests are removed. When a row of stumps are rooting out in the inner rows, the distance between the teeth 4 is established by the hydraulic cylinders 11 of turning the beams -2 and

3 around the axes 5 and 6 according to the size of the stumps. In this case, the ti 13 and cranks 12 form, together with beams 2 and 3, four-tier parallelogram mechanisms. Rotation of bars 2 and 3 causes a decrease or increase in the distance between the tracks of the tooth 4 in such a way as to avoid the loss of stumps and root debris. Due to the m r 13 and cranks 12, placed on the beams 2 and 3, the teeth 4 always have the direction coinciding with the direction of movement of the tool. The tooth 4 is first cut off the lateral roots of the stumps, and then the central ones. The stubbed stump moves in the direction of the stump. When operating in difficult conditions, the tractor aggregates a saddle of stumps and moves in the transport position in the direction of unalloyed stumps. Two or three Mon are skipped under the frame of the picker. Next, the teeth of the 4 guns are buried to a depth of 30-40 cm, and the tractor moves in reverse. Stubbed stumps remain on the surface of the strip. With 20–30 stumps trimming, the tractor shifts the stubbed stumps along the interrow spaces into the technological corridors. From the technological corridors, the stubbed up stumps are shifted in heaps to the disposal sites. By the hydraulic cylinders of the 11 turns of the beams 2 and 3, the stumps are compressed between the beams 1,2 and 3, and the beats

live teeth 4. In this position 5 0 5 o

Research institutes when the tractor moves forward, stumps are transported to a distance of 800-1000 m. To their places,. warehousing.

When combing the root residues, the beams 2.1 and 3 are placed frontally with hydrodiloids 11 turns of the beams 2 and 3 (Fig. 17). Tractor with mounted towing is moving forward. Root residues are removed from the soil and rise up through the uprights of 30 teeth 4. When the tool continues to move, the root remains due to the difference in friction forces on the soil and the surface of the tooth are rotated in the space between beams 1,2 and 3 and teeth 4. As A roll of root residues from a tractor attachment is lifted, and the roll remains on the soil surface. After the entire volume of work on combing the root residues has been completed, the rolls are shifted by the mounted drag line to the places of their burning or utilization.

The annual economic effect from the use of the proposed guns when performing operations of uprooting small stumps, shifting them into heaps, combing out root residues, forming single and double rolls, removing shrub species and their skidding is compared to serial machines available in production , with equal quality of work is 28.7 thousand rubles.

Yu

ten

eleven

figure 1

CNJ.

one

f3ЛГ

iput.t

lif

/ 6.

23

2

22

.2

7

(pueJO

PU9.Jf

Vidl

tfJue. 12

 5 sh gogo zoo. 13

.Ii.

3S

.33

35

39

FIG. one

fig 15

P

IB 74 G5

C3f / e ./ (f

, 75

 one

17 15

Compiled by T. Kruglova Editor L. Kastran Tehred O. Neze Corrector V. Sinitska

. Order 62/2 Circulation 679 Subscription

VNIIPI USSR State Committee

for inventions and discoveries 113035, Moscow, Zh-35, Raushsk nab., 4/5

Branch 1ShP Patent, Uzhgorod, Proektna St., 4

/ 2

-e

chy

M

- () - ()

FIG. l

Claims (1)

MOUNTED DRAWBAR, containing a linkage mechanism and a frame made of articulated middle transverse and side bars, on which the teeth are mounted, and a beam rotation drive, characterized in that, with the aim of expanding technological capabilities by providing uprooting of cut stumps, a bush 'and combing out the root residues, the teeth are parabolic in shape and equipped with cranks, the crank of the middle tooth placed on the transverse beam connected by means of rods to the cranks of the teeth placed on side beams made in the form of unequal trapezoids. B o m o e E>