SU120212A1 - Gas generator furnace for distilling small lump fuel - Google Patents

Description

A known gas generating furnace for the distillation of lumpy shale, having a vertical rectangular section for fuel and inlets for supplying steam-air blowing and gas processing.

In comparison with the known gas generator, the described gas generator allows to intensify and improve the process of distillation by passing upwardly passing the gas coolant through the fuel in the semi-coking zone and by removing excess heat from the refining zones.

This is achieved by placing louvered grilles in the semi-coking zone with a cross-section of slots of variable height and with outlets for the passage of gases from one stage of semi-coke gasification to another through the waste heat boiler. The placement of the gas inlets and outlets in the gas treatment stages ensures the successive passage of the gas coolant through these stages in mutually opposite directions.

The drawing shows a view of the gas generator furnace in a vertical section.

The gas-generating furnace 1 has a vertical shaft of rectangular cross-section, into the upper part 2 of which small lumpy slate is loaded.

In the semi-coking zone 3, louvered grilles with a variable-height section of their slits 4 are located on both sides of the grilles. On the side of the gas supply of the coolant, the largest cross section has an extremely lower slit and the smallest section — extremely upper slit. On the output side of the vapor-gas mixture through the pipe 5, the ratio of the cross sections of the lattice slots is the opposite, that is, the largest section has the uppermost slit, the smallest section is the lowest lower slit.

№ 120212- 2 Dogazovka zone is divided into the upper stage 6 and the lower stage 7, between which the waste heat boiler 8 or another heat exchanger is installed. A steam-air blast is provided through the pipe 9. From the lower stage 7 of the pre-treatment of gases, the gases are removed through the pipe 10 and, after passing through the waste-heat boiler 8, flow through the pipe 11 into the upper stage 6 of the secondary gas.

The semi-coking process is carried out in the semi-coking zone 3, which is heated by the cross-rising, by a heat carrier gas flowing in from 575-600 ° C from the mixing chamber 12, which is a mixture of cold recirculated gas entering through the gas 13 from the secondary gas from upper stage 6.

The refining process is carried out in two stages 6 and 7, sections 14 of which with a higher carbon content are less heated, and sections 15 with a lower carbon content are more heated. The water vapor produced in the recovery boiler 8 is partially used to humidify the air blowing in the upper and lower stages with the appropriate adjustment according to the process conditions.

Dividing the pre-gasification zone into two stages, the presence of a heat exchanging device between them and a transversely sequential countercurrent passage of the vapor-air mixture through both stages aligns the temperature field and provides the best conditions for the double-sided burning of carbon from the ash residue.

The installation of the waste-heat boiler 8 creates additional hydraulic resistances in the system, to overcome which a smoke exhauster 16 is installed between the boiler 8 and the upper stage 6 of the backgas.

In order to avoid useless gas flows between the reaction zones of the furnace in the vertical direction between these zones, hydraulic resistance zones 17 are provided with a height of 2.5-3.0 times greater than the width of the reaction zones.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. Gas generating furnace for the distillation of small-lumpy shale, containing a vertical rectangular shaft for fuel and inlets for supplying heat-transfer gas and steam-air blowing, characterized in that, in order to intensify and improve the distillation process by means of a cross-rising gas heat carrier through the fuel in the semi-coking zone and by removing excess heat from the pre-gasification zones, in the semi-coking zone of the furnace, louvered grilles with a variable cross-section of slots and with outlets for the passage of gases from one dogazovki char th stage to the other stage via a waste heat boiler or other heat exchange device. 2. Gas generating furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, for the purpose of two-sided burning of carbon from the ash residue, the inputs and outputs of gases in the stages of the kiln pre-treatment of the furnace are arranged in such a way that they ensure the successive passage of the heat-transfer gas through these stages in mutually opposite directions.