SU1201251A1 - Castable stone - Google Patents

Abstract

STONE CASTING, including SiOj, TiOj, AljOj, FeO, #iO, MgO, CaO, NaaO, and, characterized in that, in order to increase frost resistance and reduce water absorption of the material while lowering the melting temperature and melt, it contains these components The following amounts, wt.%: SiOj 46.0-55, 0 TiO, 0 AliOj 7.0 t13, 0 7, -24.0. FeO 1.510, 0 MnO 0.10, 5 MgO 2.09, 0 CaO 5,012, 0 Na, 0 4,011, 0 CO KiO 0.21, 0 CriOj 0.53, 0

Description

to ca The invention relates to the production of kamnelite distance and can be used in the manufacture of architectural and finishing materials for laying floors and lining the mixture, household products, as well as wear-resistant lining in mining, energy, coal, metallurgical and other industries, and it can also be applied to other industrial enterprises without excluding stone enterprises, without requiring the complication of operating industrial lines. The purpose of the invention is to increase the frost resistance and decrease the water absorption of the material while lowering the melting temperature and melt melt processing, Pre {; the lagged stone cast contains,%: SiO 46-55, TiO 0.3-3.0; , 7-13; Ffeyog 7-24; FeO 1.5-10; MnO 0.1-0.5; MgO 2-9, CaO 5-12; Cr2.0c 0.5-3.0. Example 1, ShIHTU from aegirin concentrate (10 May.%), Yerestovetsky basalt (88.5 wt.%) And chromium of that iron (1.5 wt.%) Melted 1290 s for 1.5 h, melt At D in -i-CHiimse:: 5-. about. cooled and kept at 1150 ° C, then centrifugally produced by the method, cone DN 150 mm for hydrocyclones. Metallic chill mold castings produced tile products for the lining of the cylindrical part of hydrocyclones. The castings were crystallized at MiiH for 5 minutes and then annealed at a rate. to 50 ° C. Example 2. A mixture of aegirin concentrate (25 wt.%), pyrogssa of a new porphyrite (73 wt.%) and chromite (2 wt.%) was melted for 1 hour, the melt was cooled and extracted . The development of sleeves for the knees of pipelines was essentially centrifugal cnoco6oi s. Slabs of .gush floor sizes 250-18000 mm were obtained by casting in rygi. Drifting the crystal for 7 minutes and lysing at 50 ° C at a rate then cooled to. Example 3. ULHXTy from porcine zgirnogram concentrate (92 mass%), porphyrite hroxime HOBO.ro (2 wt.%) And chromite (6 wt.%) Were melted at 1200 C5 melted to, Cast plates with dimensions of 600-400-40 mm exposes the heat treatment at 7 min and then annealing at a rate of lot / h to 50 ° C. Example 4. A mixture of aegirin concentrate (97 wt.%), pyroxene porphyrite (1.5 wt.%) and chromite (1.5 wt.% ) was melted at, the melt was cooled and produced at 1100 ° C in the form of shaped household products - candlesticks, lamp bases and ashtrays, as well as plates for laying the floor. The products crystallized at 790s for 3 minutes and cooled at a rate of up to 50 ° C. The compositions and technological parameters of casting production are given in Tables 1 and 2. Achieving this goal is ensured by the following change in the temperature dependence of the melt viscosity and crystallization properties, due to the limits of the contained components. The presence of alkaline oxides, as well as Fe.O, CaO, MgO and SiOj in the indicated amounts contributes already when the mixture is heated, the formation of akmit - Fe2, Oa-4 SiO; isostructural with augite Ca6 (Mg Fe) 0-2 SiOi and forming with it a continuous series of solid solutions. has a low melting temperature compared to augite. Respectively, 990 and 1391 C, which significantly lowers the melting point of the charge and the temperature of the melt production interval, which increases its crystallization ability. Intense pyroxene formation in the indicated temperature limits does not manifest itself in a decrease in the degree of dispersion, which reduces the porosity and zodopoglozheniya obtained material. The increase in the content of more than 24 wt.%, 11.0; 1.0; MgO 79.0 wt.% With SiO-j less than 46 wt.% Increases the amount of residual staclophase enriched in oxides of iron, sodium, potassium and magnesium, which reduces the wear resistance of material a - its main technical property. At the same time, an increase in the linear growth rate of crystals is observed, which is accompanied by an increase in shrinkage porosity and water absorption. The material is unevenly colored due to the heterogeneity of the structure. Smaller amounts than 7.0 wt.%: 4.0; К.0 0,2;

When the SiOj content is more than 55 wt.%, MgO 2.0 does not provide the necessary lowering of the melting temperature and production interval to 1080–1150. This reduces the crystallization capacity of the melt, resulting in the formation of a coarse-grained structure that is uneven in cross section with shrinkable porosity and increased water absorption of the material, selectively painted gray.

The CaO content of 12.0 wt.% Significantly increases the viscosity of melting at a specified temperature range, up to 1080-1150 C, reduces the crystallization ability of the melt, which is manifested in the formation of a coarse-grained structure that is uneven in cross section with shrinkable porosity and increased water absorption of the material. selectively colored gray.

The content, 0 wt.% Significantly increases the melt viscosity in the specified temperature range of production, shifting it to higher temperatures, promotes the formation of a coarse-grained structure with increased shrinkage porosity and water absorption, the color is gray, the reduction in CaO 5.0 wt.% provides pyroxene formation in the charge and during the melt crystallization in the process of casting molding, island silicates in the form of olivines are formed, causing water absorption and pronounced zonality of the casting, having th uneven coloring.

The presence of, 0 wt.% Causes an increase in the linear growth rate of the crystals, which leads to loosening of the structure and lowering of the porosity, an increase in water absorption and a sharp decrease in the strength properties of the castings. With a content of 5 wt.%, The conditions for obtaining a full crystalline (85-90%) pyroxene casting structure are not ensured because it is impossible to form a sufficient amount (5-7 wt.%) Of the initial crystalline phase of spinellides (Mg, Fe) 0 (AI, Fe, Cr) 20z, significantly initiating pyroxene formation. The structure of the castings is porous and heterogeneous. The increase in the content of wt.% 1uvsh1aet residual glass phase.

which negatively manifests itself in the performance properties of the material. The same is noted with a decrease in the content of 5 wt.% And, 0 wt.%. As the amount of the aluminate component of the pyroxene phase decreases - Me (A, Fe) 2 Si02, where Me Ca, Mg J Fe. The degree of crystallization in this case is less than 85%, the linear crystal growth rate, porosity and water absorption increase, the color is uneven.

MnO, introduced in an amount of 0.10, 5 wt.% Performs the role of smoothly. A higher concentration than 0.5 wt.% Increases the content of the residual glass phase. A smaller amount of MnO than 0.1% by weight of tce ensures a decrease in the melting point, which is manifested in the loosening of the structure;

The introduction of Cr O 3 wt.% Increases the melting and production temperatures, causing the heterogeneity of the structure at elevated porosity. At a concentration of 0.5 wt.%, The complete crystallization of the initial crystalline phase in the form of spinels is not achieved and, accordingly, the degree of crystallization of the castings, the density of their structure and high water absorption of the material are necessary.

Tio. more than 3.0 wt.% increases melting and melting temperature, as well as stimulates the formation of porosity in the material. When the content is 3 wt.%, The division of the main pyroxene phase in the amount of 85-90% is not achieved, the porosity and water absorption increase, the linear growth rate of crystals increases.

The choice of composition is due to the need to reduce the temperature ranges of melting, generation and heat treatment at high crystallization capacity of melts, high density of castings having low water absorption and black color due to the correction of chemical compositions of rocks with non-deficient raw materials - aegirine concentrate, which allows to exclude the use of soy and crocus and potaga. Enhancement of the catalysis effect of crystallization is achieved by adding chromite.

The melting and melt flow must be carried out within

1200-1290 and 1080-1ISO C respectively. Exceeding the temperature of the melt leads to its destructurization, which lowers the crystallization capacity and causes an increase in porosity and water absorption of the material filled non-uniformly. Lowering the temperature limits does not ensure uniform filling of the molds, which leads to a higher marriage of castings due to the mismatch of their geometric dimensions given, causes an increase in the linear growth rate crystals, resulting in increased shrinkage porosity and water absorption.

The relatively low melting and melting points allow the use of metal molds, simplifying the molding process. This eliminates the inevitable in the case of the use of graphite forms of the operation of their heating and subsequent adjustment to the specified dimensions due to burnout.

The higher content of the main crystalline phase of the casting - solid solutions based on pyroxene (8590%) provides the material with a set of valuable operational properties, which were determined in accordance with the requirements of GOST and methods: abrasion resistance GOST 6787-80, compressive strength - GOST 4071-80, heat resistance - GOST 11103-64, apparent (open) porosity GOST 4734-81, absorption and frost resistance GOST 7025-78, viscosity - methods of the Gus GIS branch.

This complex of properties makes it possible to reliably use castings as a wear-resistant lining (protection) of metal structures and equipment in various industries of the national economy, as well as decorative and finishing materials for construction purposes and for shaped castings - consumer goods.

Lower values of the technological parameters of melting, generation and crystallization of products determine the saving of fuel and energy resources and increase the service life of the metal equipment used in the stone industry during the pouring of the melt, its molding and crystallization.

Reduced porosity and low water absorption increase the reliability of stone-cast-protected hydrocyclones, 1CHLONS, swivel bends and straight pipe sections due to the reduction in chipping of the mounted castings under the action of transported abrasive and corrosive media.

Large-sized tile and fittings have high decorative qualities due to low porosity and uniform coloring of black material and can be successfully used as architectural and finishing material for facing floors and walls of industrial and civil engineering without limiting operating conditions for frost resistance, durability with increased mechanical strength and heat resistance.

The use of stone casting of the proposed composition as a lining of metal hulls of hydrocyclones increases the service life of the structure by 3-5 times, increases the reliability of the production flow and reduces metal consumption, and using it as an architectural and finishing material instead of diabase, granite, basalt, gabbro, imec Higher porosity, fracturing and water absorption, helps to increase the service life and reduce costs for cutting and polishing products.

12012518

Table 1

1280 1260 1200 1200 1530

1150 1120 1080 1100 1260

Maximum crystallization temperature, C

Melt viscosity, dpa-s priS

table 2

770 790 760 790 950 Abrasion resistance, g / cm 0.030 0.020 Apparent to porosity. 0.012 0.003 Water absorption,% Weight loss of the sample after 50 cycles of freeze-thawing and chilling,% 0.03 Black Black Black Black

1201251

ten

The continuation of the table.2. 0,004 0,001 0,01 0,010 0,015 0,060 0,000 0,008 0,260 0,000 0,002 0,110 0,00 0,03 0,13 Gray, the color is uneven due to zonality

Claims (1)

STONE CASTING, including SiOj, TiOj, A1 ₂ O ₃ , Fe ^ 0 ₃ , FeO, MnO, MgO, CaO, NajO, K ₂ 0 and Cr ₂ O ₃ , characterized in that, in order to increase frost resistance and reduce water absorption material while lowering the melting point and melt production, it contains these components in the following amounts, wt.%: Si0 ₂ Tio ₂ Al. ABOUT. Fe ₂ O ₃ FeO MnO MgO CaO Na ₂ 0 K ₄ O Cg _g O ₃ 0.3-3.0 7.0-: 13.0 7.0-24.0 1.5-10.0 0.1-0.5 2.0-9.0 5.0-12.0 4.0-11.0 0.2-1.0 0.5-3.0 SU, .., 1201251> 1201251 2