SU1189754A1 - Vertical screw conveyer for transporting loose materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a lifting and transport machinery, namely, screw conveyors for transporting bulk materials, and can be used in agriculture, in the building materials industry, the chemical industry and other sectors of the national economy.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the conveyor and the possibility of its regulation.

FIG. 1 shows a vertical screw conveyor, general view; in fig. 2 - loading chamber of the conveyor with vertical flat partitions, longitudinal section; in fig. 3 - the same, top view; in fig. 4 - loading chamber with vertical partitions made in the form of second-order surfaces, a longitudinal section; in fig. 5 - the same, top view; in fig. 6 - loading chamber with partitions, made in the form of sections of the screw surface with straight lines forming, directed along the radius of the loading chamber, a longitudinal section; in fig. 7 - the same, top view; in fig. 8 is a variant of a loading chamber with partitions made in the form of sections of a screw surface with straight lines forming at an angle to the radius of the loading funnel, a longitudinal section; in fig. 9 - the same, top view; in fig. 10 is a variant of a loading chamber with partitions made in the form of sections of a screw surface with forming a second order in the form of curves in the second order, a longitudinal section; in fig. 11 - the same, top view; in fig. 12 - boot chamber with

cylindrical pipe installed in an intermediate position, a longitudinal section; ' in fig. 13 nozzles with slots made

5 along the screw lines; in fig; 14 and

15 is a diagram of the forces acting on the bulk material in the loading chamber

from partitions.

The screw conveyor for the vertical transportation of bulk materials consists of the bottom 1 and

the upper 2 sections, the transition element 3 connecting the sections of the conveyor, and the drive 4. The lower section

15 of the conveyor comprises a cylindrical casing 5, transporting screw 6 coaxial with it, a loading chamber 7 and a lower support 8. The upper section of the conveyor comprises a cylindrical

20 a casing 9, a transport screw 10 coaxially with it, a discharging element 11 and an upper support 12.

 Loading chamber vertical screw conveyor (Fig. 2 and 3)

25 consists of a conical circular funnel 13, covering the open loading section of the screw '14 and the lower section of the casing 5. The conical funnel is fixed coaxially with the screw

ZO and the conveyor casing, while the upper edge 15 of the conical funnel is located above the lower edge

16 casing 5. In the space between

round hopper and open loading section of the screw evenly

“On the circumference, there are vertical flat partitions 17 that divide the loading chamber into separate sections and are located at an angle to the radius of the loading chamber with an inclination in the direction opposite to the rotation of the screw. The inner vertical edge of the partitions coincides with the outer generatrix of the conveyor casing and is connected to it in its upper

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parts, the outer edge of the partitions adjacent to the inner surface of the conical funnel and connected to it, and the upper horizontal edge is located above the lower 5

edges 16 of the casing of the conveyor, but below the upper edge of the cone-shaped in-. ronki.

Partitions of the loading chamber can be made curvilinear 10 in the form of second-order surfaces with vertical rectilinear generators, with the convexities of these surfaces directed in the direction of rotation of the screw (Fig. 4 and 5). 15

Partitions can also be made in the form of sections of a screw surface with the direction of winding coinciding with the direction of rotation of the screw, and with the forming surfaces 20 of the partitions in the form of straight lines directed along the radius of the loading chamber (Fig. 6 and 7), or with the forming surfaces of the partitions in the form straight lines directed at an angle of 25 to the radius of the loading chamber with an inclination in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw (Fig. 8 and 9). In addition, they can be made in the form of screw sections 3θ

surfaces with generators in the form of curves of the second order with a slope in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw, and with convexity of the generators directed in the direction of rotation of the screw (Figs. 10 and 11).

The casing 5 of the conveyor in its lower part is additionally equipped with a cylindrical pipe 18, covering the casing with its outer side. 40 The pipe 18 is fixed on the casing movably in the axial direction. And it can overlap the screw loading section 14 partially or fully open. For this nozzle 18 45

it is provided with slots 19, with which it slides along partitions as along guides. The nozzle can be fixed in any position relative to the casing using any known fixing devices, in particular by means of screws 20 (Fig. 12). In the presence of partitions 17, made in the form of helical surfaces, the cylindrical nozzle 55 18 is provided with slots 19 arranged along helical lines, copying the screw portions of the partitions,

adjacent to the casing (Fig. 12 and 13).

Partitions can be connected only with a conical funnel of the loading chamber. At the same time between the outer surface of the casing and the inner edges of the partitions should be a gap equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the cylindrical pipe 18, which is in its movement along the casing in this gap. The pipe 18 in this case has no slots.

The conveyor works as follows.

Bulk material through reloading devices is fed into the loading chamber 7 of the lower section 1 of the conveyor, made in the form of a circular conical funnel 13, where the material is picked up by the open loading section of the screw 14, goes to the main section of the screw 6 and is transported upwards to the transition element 3. After passing the transition element 3 connecting the adjacent sections, the bulk material enters the next upper section 2 of the conveyor, is transported by the screw 10 of this section to the discharge element 11 and then displayed outside the convoy Hyeres.

Bulk material entering the loading chamber fills the open area of the screw (the central zone of the loading chamber), as well as the space in which the partitions are located between the inner surface of the cone-shaped funnel and the surface enclosing the outer edges of the screw (peripheral zone of the loading chamber). The screw (the central zone) is powered from the peripheral zone of the loading chamber under the action of gravitational forces. Bulk material that fills the open area of the screw, rotates with it. Material located outside the screw in the peripheral area of the loading chamber. It has no rotational movement, since such movement is prevented by partitions installed in the peripheral zone. With a small diameter and a small screw rotation frequency, the centrifugal forces in the mass of the material filling the screw are small and practically

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do not prevent the material from entering under the action of gravitational forces from the peripheral loading chamber, the camera to the screw. As a result, the screw filling improves and the conveyor efficiency increases ηрс

In vertical 'screw conveyors, having a large diameter and working with a large frequency of screw spindle., Centrifugal sleep® "acting in the mass of material. Filling the hall,. and directed away from the screw center to the periphery of the feed chamber, increasing zna'pitea'no, these centrifugal forces can ohdzdted bolno- graziamp.llonima 'si.! May ₁ under the action of a GR ryv- material on stupa-

& п keke pyriFerimay zoyi zaire about the wholesale camera to the screw pressure boom action qy) free-flowing forces. As a result, the bulk material from the peripheral zone of the loading chamber to “© int. only under the influence of gravitational forces deteriorates significantly, which leads to a decrease in filling imbibed the reduction of the proc "one line of the conveyor,

In this case, for improvements in γοοτιΜπητ: of the transported material, it is necessary to provide its backwater from the loading chamber zone to the c-iit over and above the natural backwater determined by the force of the chain “Such a backwater will be treated with rm about y: p to r and r about r about d about to and pkh orientation with the load of the camera. The various forms of the nagorodok gagall are drawn from the backwaters of the small arial in the control of the perkfarin boot cad .....

roar to the screw, in the direction from above - ΗΚ2Ϊ3 to the heavy sections of the loading chamber or at the same time in a daring and second direction. "

The material is supported from the loading chamber to the screw by installing partitions under the angle to the loading chamber radius with an inclination to the side, dropping the direction of rotation (Fed 2-5 η 8-11). The diagram (fkg “15) explains the occurrence of forces providing supporting material in the direction from the periphery of the loading chamber to the fork ace Tangential force P ... at any point of the bulk material that fills the loading chamber,

directed tangentially to a circle drawn from the center of the screw through a given point. This force arises under the action of a rotating zint, unwinding the bulk material filling screw. Material rotating with the screw due to internal friction forces and

U 'centrifugal, forces in the mass of the rotating material, tends to rotate the material of the peripheral zone of the loading chamber. Partitions prevent material from rotating in the peripheral

The $ 5 zone of the loading chamber k, stopping the rotation, assumes the action of tangential forces P,

Tangential force Ρ _γ can be

20 / decomposed PA component P _? , nordo to the septum plane,

-th component P _p , parallel to the plane of the partition and directed tangentially to the surface of the perpendicular to the cable. The force P ₍₁ provides additional support to the bulk material from the loading chamber to the screw above the backwater), which is limited by gravitational sludge

“. Dkya flat ^- / partition, located at an angle to the radius of the loading chamber, retaining force 1y, decreases in the direction from the center to the periphery. To ensure this force-permanent partition across the entire width, the latter must be bent along way to angle her-. between the tangent to Negotia _x. at a given point with the force Р _t • 5il at any point of the partition is the same,

To ensure backing material. from top to bottom, improve- _

Filling the plot of the screw in

45

parts of the loading chamber, partitions ^ should be made according to a screw line (figs 6-11). The scheme of occurrence of forces providing the material backwater from top to bottom (fig. 14) is similar to the scheme of occurrence of forces detouring material from the loading camera to screw. In this case, the retaining force P _,? occurs due to

⁵⁵ tilt septum to the horizon. Ύ partitions, made in the form of a plot of screws. in the th surface with a straight line generator, directed 7

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along the radius of the loading chamber, only supporting forces appear, which are directed from top to bottom (Fig. 6 and 7). A septum made as a section of a helical surface with a rectilinear generatrix inclined towards the radius of the loading chamber develops supporting forces from top to bottom and simultaneously forces acting from the periphery of the loading chamber to the screw, the latter decreasing with removal of the point of application of these forces. from the center of the conveyor (Fig. 8 and .9). A septum made along a helical surface with a second order forming in the form of a curve forms retaining forces from top to bottom and at the same time forces acting in the direction of the screw, the latter having a constant value along the entire radius of the hopper (Fig. 10 and 11).

When the conveyor works with high performance, the flow of bulk material coming from the peripheral zone of the loading chamber along the partitions to the screw takes on an intensive and stable character, as a result of which the effectiveness of the effect of the partitions on the bulk material increases, which in turn further improves the filling of the screw and further enhances conveyor performance.

Upon completion of the supply of bulk material in the loading chamber of the conveyor material in a conical funnel begins to fall and at some point reaches the level of the lower edge 16 of the casing. A further drop in the material level leads to the fact that between the lower edge of the casing and the upper level of the remaining material a gap is formed, through

The material that has arrived on the screw, before reaching the casing, is again thrown into the receiving device chamber, therefore, at a certain level of material in the loading device, its transportation to the top stops. To select the remaining material, the cylindrical nozzle 18 (Fig. 2-13) is gradually lowered down, closing the gap formed between the lower edge of the nozzle and the level of material remaining in the loading chamber of the conveyor. In the presence of vertical partitions connected to the casing, the discharge pipe goes down, sliding vertical slots along the partitions. With the presence of partitions made in. in the form of sections of screws and connected to the casing, the discharge pipe goes down with simultaneous rotation around the central axis of the conveyor, sliding the screw 'grooves along the screw partitions.

The discharge nozzle can also be used to regulate the performance of a vertical screw conveyor and the power consumed by it, depending on the type of material being loaded and its aggregative state, as well as in the case of operational and technological need for non-stationary operating modes. This adjustment is carried out by moving the cylindrical nozzle 18 in height and fixing it with screws 20 in any desired position (Fig. 12), resulting in a change in the length of the open loading section of the screw, proportional to this length change in the supply of bulk material to the screw, and therefore , productivity of the conveyor and their consumed power.

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Claims (6)

1. VERTICAL SCREW CONVEYOR FOR TRANSPORTATION OF BULK MATERIALS, containing a cylindrical casing and located in it a transport screw, loading chamber in the form of a circular cone-shaped funnel, covering the lower part of the casing and the open loading section of the screw, discharge port and drive, characterized in that in order to increase productivity, a circular cone-shaped funnel is provided with vertical partitions fixed evenly around the circumference between the inner surface of the cone-shaped voro nki and surface covering the outer edges of the open area of the screw, with partitions located at an angle to the radius of the loading chamber with an inclination in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw, and the upper edges of the partitions are located between the lower edge of the casing and the upper edge of the cone-shaped funnel, while the casing is provided with a cylindrical nozzle with slots covering the casing, and partitions are missed into these cuts, moreover, the specified nozzle is mounted for movement relative to the casing in the axial direction and fixing in extreme and intermediate positions. 2. Conveyor on π. 1, characterized in that the partitions are made curvilinear in the form of second-order surfaces with vertical rectilinear generatrices and convexity directed in the direction of rotation of the screw. 3. Conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that the partitions are made in the form of sections of a screw surface with straight lines forming, directed along the radius of the loading chamber, and the direction of winding of the screw surface of the partitions coincides with the direction of screwing. 4. Conveyor on the square. 1 and 3, characterized in that the partitions are made in the form of sections of the helical surface with straight lines forming at an angle to the radius of the loading chamber with a slope in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw. 5. Conveyor on Mon. 1 and 3, characterized in that the wafers are made in the form of sections of the helical surface with the forming 00 ζ © m cn > 1189754 mi in the form of curves of the second order with a slope in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw, and the convexity of the generators directed in the direction of rotation of the screw. 6. Conveyor on PP. 1-5, characterized in that perego ¹ rods installed with a gap between their inner edges and the casing of the conveyor.