SU1176938A1 - Method of setting endothermal physical and chemical processes in fluidized bed of dispersed particles - Google Patents

Abstract

METHOD OF CONDUCTING ENDOTER. OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN A PSEU-BROWNED LAYER OF DISPERSE PARTICLES, including particle liquefaction, supply of reagents and subsequent heating by passing an electric current directly through the fluidized bed of dispersed particles, and, as a matter of course, in order to increase the efficiency of the flow of the procedure, as well, as a good, as a part of the effec- The electric current is passed at the time of expansion.

Description

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ABOUT)

The invention relates to technological processes, in particular to methods for carrying out endothermic processes in a fluidized bed of dispersed particles, and can be used for chemical production of metallurgy and other engineering areas. The goal of the invention is to increase efficiency by reducing the sintering of dispersed particles. materials. The method is carried out as follows. A dispersed electrically conductive material is placed in the reactor, which is then brought into a fluidized state and a gas reagent is supplied. layer of the material being processed. Due to the duration of the current pulses, not exceeding the duration of the ripple of the resistance, the duration of the moment of expansion, such an energy input mode is organized, at which the electric current flows through the layer. only at the moments of its expansion. Example 1. Carrying out the process of graphite gasification of graphite with carbon dioxide. The process of gasification of graphite during the activation of carbon dioxide by an electric field is carried out in a reactor with electrodes inserted inside, the backfill volume is 100 cm. The graphite layer of the fraction (2–3) mm is brought into a fluidized state by imposing vibrations at a frequency of 15–25 G. Carbon dioxide is fed to the lower part of the reactor, the flow rate of which is controlled within (0.02-0.1) l / s. Studies were carried out in which a constant current and an I1 pulse current were passed through a layer of graphite, which was either coordinated or not coordinated with the moments of expansion of the layer. The speed of the gasification process is estimated by the composition of the exhaust gases, analyzing them with a Gazochrome-ZY chromatograph on CO and CO. The research results are given in table. 1. From the data presented in the table, it can be seen that the matching of current pulses with the expansion phase significantly intensifies the gasification process. Compared to the unmatched power input, the degree of carbon dioxide conversion increases from 23 to 97.6%, and the energy efficiency of the process increases. from 4.3 to 19.2%. Example 2. Carrying out the process of mill scale reduction with hydrogen. The process of mill scale reduction with hydrogen is carried out in the reactor as in Example 1. Rolled mill scale fractions (G, 5-3 mm, backfill volume is 80 cm. Hydrogen flow is controlled within 0.05-0.1 l / s. Process speed the reduction is evaluated by the mass loss of the treated iron powder. The sintering of the iron powder is controlled by microscopic analysis. Similarly to example 1, the studies are carried out with coordinated and inconsistent energy inlets. expansion, due to the activation of the gaseous medium (hydrogen) and the low average mass temperature of the layer, it is possible to carry out the process practically without sintering with a high degree of reduction of 87% and an energy efficiency of 17.3%. For comparison, with the same specific power, the degree of reduction is 31% and the energy efficiency is 3.9%. The research results are shown in Table 2. Example 3. The process of pyrolysis of natural gas in a graphite layer. The process of pyrolysis of natural gas is carried out in an electrospray layer of graphite particles of a fraction of 0.5-2 mm. Natural gas has the following chemical composition,%: СН4 93.4%; CjHg 3.1%, C3H 1.8%, CO 0.4%, N2 1.31. The flow rate of natural gas through the bed is .0.05 l / s. Through a layer of graphite with a volume of 50 CM, a pulse current with a duration of 0.01 s is passed. The value of the current set within. (2-20) A. Natural gas pyrolysis products are analyzed on

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hydrogen and unsaturated content: hydrocarbons.

. Carrying out the process of pyrolysis of natural gas with a coordinated electrical discharge with the expansion phase significantly reduces the mass-average temperature of the layer and alternates the periods of high-temperature processing and quenching of the reaction products. At the same time, in comparison with the process with uncoordinated electrical discharge, the yield of acetylene | .С2Н2 increases from 0.3 to 18.2%.

Apply p.4. The process of degassing nickel granules.

The process of degassing nickel granules is carried out under vacuum while discharging in the chamber. Nickel 384 layer

20 cm-thick granules, fractions of 0.2 mm are put into a pseudo-liquefaction state and an electric current is passed through it, the value of which varies within 0.5-2 A. The processing time is 5 minutes. At the end of the treatment, the amount of leakage is controlled.

With a matched pulse current, residual gases are removed more intensively and more fully. So in comparison with the inconsistent pulse current, the amount of leakage after

The five minute processing period is reduced by 17.8%. A powder microscopic examination showed no sintering.

Table 1

Standing

Pulsed, matched to the phase of compression

Impulsive, inconsistent

Pulse matched. With the expansion phase

2.9

80.2

19.8

eleven

5.20,4

9,890.2

23.04.3

37,462,6

97.6 19.2

1.2

98.8

table 2

Claims (1)

METHOD OF CARRYING OUT THE ENDOTER-. OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN A PSEUDOGRAPHIC LAYER OF DISPERSIONAL PARTICLES, including liquefaction of particles, supply of reagents and subsequent heating by passing an electric current directly through a fluidized bed of dispersed particles, excluding that, in order to increase the efficiency of the process sintering of dispersed materials, an electric current is passed at the time of expansion of the layer. f m od QO> 1 1176938 2