SU117689A1 - Integrating dosimeter - Google Patents

Description

The invention is an integrative dosimeter for measuring doses of x-rays and gamma rays.

The known dosimeters equipped with an ionization gas chamber and selenium rectifiers do not possess the required stability of adjustment, as well as high sensitivity and accuracy of dosage.

This disadvantage is eliminated in the proposed integrating dosimeter by the fact that the radio tubes in it are replaced by barium discharges operating under conditions of a reduced discharge current mode; in addition, it uses a radio monitoring device.

The drawing shows an electrical block diagram of a dosimeter device. The dosimeter consists of the following nodes:

a) a PU control panel, on the panel of which a pulse counter, a stopwatch, toggle switches, buttons, a warning lamp, a fuse, a terminal for grounding and a lockout socket are located;

b) arrays M in which arresters, relays, light bulbs, ionizers, capacitors, resistors, trimmer and band switch are mounted;

c) connecting cable C / (., -, with two chips and a power cord;

d) ionization normal chamber I for measuring x-rays and gamma rays in the x1 range from 1 to 10,000 x-rays at a dose rate of 1 to 100 x-rays per minute and on the x10 range from 10 to 100,000 x-rays at a dose rate from 10 to 1000 x-rays per minute;

e) an ionization diaphragm chamber replacing the ionization normal chamber I for measuring X-rays of close-focus tubes on an x1 range from 10 to 100,000 X-rays at a dose rate from 10 to 1000 X-rays per minute and on an x10 range from 100 to 10000 X-rays on a dose rate from 100 to 25,000 x-ray per minute.

No. 117689-2 -

The dosimeter has the following operating positions:

a) check the dark effect with a normal or diaphragm camera on the range

b) check the dark effect with a normal or diaphragm camera on the range

c) radio control with a normal or diaphragm camera on the range

d) radio control with a normal or diaphragm camera on the range

e) operation of the dosimeter under irradiation with a normal or diaphragm camera in the range

e) operation of the dosimeter under irradiation with a normal or diaphragm camera in the range

g) checking the dark effect with a normal or diaphragm camera on the “x10” range.

When the tumbler T is turned on in the “operation” position and the TI toggle is turned on (“on, press Ki and / buttons (2 alternating current will go through the following circuit: terminal A, fuse P, primary winding / transformer Tr, capacitor Sc, right contacts of the toggle switch T to the terminal and along a parallel circuit: terminal A, fuse I, winding / transformer GRg primary, capacitors Ci2,, right contacts of the toggle switch TI to terminal B.

In the secondary winding of the Tpi transformer, the voltage is rectified by a selenium rectifier BC and filtered by a capacitor.

In the secondary winding of the transformer Tr, the injection rectifies and doubles the selenium rectifiers SCi and BC and the capacitors Cy and Cs, is filtered by the capacitor Cd, stabilized by the gas stabilizer SG and the resistance / and filtered by the capacitor CIQ. In this case, the high voltage current passes from the pole "plus over pepi: Sk, contact 15, resistances R, Rz, Rz, R, contact 20, Sk5 and pole" minus the high voltage current. At the moment when buttons 1 and KZ are pressed, the low voltage current passes through the circuit: pole “plus rectifier VS, contact 25, light bulb L2, Skz, contact 18, light bulb L, contacts 38, 8, 7, 6, 5, 21, 20 , SCD and pole minus the rectifier of the aircraft, with the indicated light bulbs illuminating.

Along a parallel circuit, the current goes along the circuit: pole “plus rectifier ysz, contacts 25, 29, 32, 33 and 26, Ck windings of the relay Pi, and RZ, contacts 23, 22, 21 and 20, CK5 and pole“ minus rectifier When the relay Pi is triggered, pins 5 and 6 open, and the current from the pole "plus rectifier VSZ will go through the circuit: pin 25, light bulb L, Skz, contact 18, light bulb L, contact 38, Ck, winding meter C, contacts 39, 40 and pole minus rectifier sun. In this case, the SI counter of pulses is triggered, contacts 27 and 28 are closed, and the current from the pole “plus rectifier 5Сз will pass through the circuit: contacts 25, 29, 27, 28, 30 and 31, the electromagnet winding E, which is triggered and the stopwatch starts CM, pins 39, 40 and pole “minus rectifier sun.

When the relay opens, the contacts 3 to 4 close, and the ionizer I, having its own capacity, will be charged.

Charging will occur along the pole plus high voltage circuit. C / Ci, pin 15, relay-PI, gage RB2, p. 16, gadget P5i, pins 17, 3 vi 4, ionizer I, pins 22, 21, and 20 and pole minus high voltage. From the charging current, the relay PI will operate, contacts

9 and W are closed, and the current from the pole “plus rectifier VSZ will pass through the circuit: contact 25, light bulb L-2, RMS, contacts 18, 9 and 10, resistance 6, relay RZ, contacts 19, 23, 22, 21 and 20, Ck, contact 40 and the pole “minus rectifier ASC.

In this case, the PZ relay will work, contacts 7 and 5 are open simultaneously, contacts J and 2 are closed, and capacitors Ci and C will be discharged. After pressing the / C and / buttons (2 pins 30, 31, 32 and 33 open, respectively, current flow through the relay and the P and R relays stop, 5 W. 6 contacts are closed and 3 4 contacts are open. In the absence of leakage in the ionization chamber, the SI counter pulses will not work; in the presence of leakage, capacitors Ci and Cz will gradually charge and when the voltage is above the ignition threshold of the RB, a discharge will occur in it. At the same time, the current will flow along the circuit: right plates of capacitors C and C. (charged with positive potential ), contact 2, contacts 42, toggle switch Gz, contact 14, the resistance R, the contact 16, RB arrester pin 17; i left plates of capacitors C, C. The resistance R to occur (at measuring discharge capacitor C, Cz) some loss of voltage (about 3 in).

The applied voltage at the terminals of the RB-2 and RBZ arresters is designed so that the voltage drop across the resistance Rs is collapsing with the voltage on pins 14 and 15 PBz and the RB cell connected to it successively discharges along the circuit : contact 15, relay P winding, RB2 razor, contact 16, RBZ razor, contact 13. This will trigger the PI relay, contacts 9-10 close, and the current from the pole “plus rectifier VSZ will go through the circuit: pin 25, light bulb Лг, С / Сз, contacts 18, 9 and 10, ballast resistance winding a relay R2, the contacts 19, 23, 22, 21 and 20, C / cs contact 40 and pole "minus rectifier aircraft.

When the relay P2 is triggered, pins 7-8 open and the SI counter will work.

Check the dark effect with a normal or diaphragm camera on the “x” range.

Toggle switch on the mat include in the range of "x1. If there is a leak at the position of the Gz toggle switch in the range "x10" at the contact 41, the capacitors CiC2 are charged at the voltage at which the RV is triggered. When the toggle switch is in the "x1" range, i.e., at the contact 24, the sensitivity of the dosimeter increases by a factor of 10, because when charging the CiCg capacitors, the RV discharge will operate because the terminals of the capacitors CiC2 are pre-supplied by contacts 12 and 14, therefore also between contacts M and 5. Otherwise, the operation of the dosimeter is the same as when the position of the toggle switch T in the range of "x10.

The operation of the dosimeter is the same as when checking the dark effect on the x10 range, with the only difference being that the TZ toggle switch is set to the radio control. At this position of the toggle switch, the current will go along the circuit: pole “plus rectifier VSZ, contacts 25, 29 and 32, resistance RZ, contacts 37 and 56, Sc., Relay P and RZ, contacts 23, 22, 21 and 20, SCG, , contact 40 and pole “minus rectifier of SVZ. Relay P in this case does not work, since the current passed through the resistance Re ,, will be insufficient. Relay R, as more sensitive, will work; pins 5 and 4 are closed, and the ionizer AND is turned on.

№ 117689

f "117689

The capacitors Ci and Cz under the influence of the ionization currents of the ionizer I will be charged to a voltage of 0 to 350 V, the dischargers will operate, and the pulse counter and stopwatch will automatically count the time of each pulse. The stopwatch is set to About manually.

The operation of the dosimeter is the same as when checking the effect on the “x10” range, only the response of the pulse counter will occur under the action of x-rays or gamma rays when the corresponding chamber is irradiated.

The operation of the dosimeter is the same as when checking the tempo effect on the range "x1 ;. In this case, the counter will be triggered by the action of x-rays or gamma rays on the corresponding camera.

Subject invention

Claims (2)

1. Integrating dosimeter for measuring doses of x-rays and gamma rays containing an ionization gas chamber and selenium rectifiers, characterized in that, for the purpose of greater stability of the dosimeter adjustment, radio tubes in it are replaced by barium gaps operating under reduced discharge conditions current. 2. A dosimeter according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the sensitivity and accuracy of the dosage, a monitoring device is used therein.