SU1171124A1 - Apparatus for feeding objects of round shape - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A DEVICE FOR SUBMITTING SUBJECTS OF A ROUND SHAPE, containing a series of profiled rollers with grooves and a device for orientation of objects, characterized in that, in order to ensure reliable single-piece presentation of objects and simplify the design, the rollers are installed with the possibility of rotation in the direction opposite to the direction of supply of objects and the orientation tool contains zigzag guides located above a row of rollers on either side of the grooves. 2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guides are formed by separate elastic plates mounted with an inclination towards the exit of the objects. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the groove of the rollers is 0.1 - 0.3 of their diameter. "I

Description

The invention relates to agricultural production and is intended for reliable piece-by-piece building of round objects in the automatic quality control lines of food and agricultural products, as well as in various national economic areas for sorting round objects. A device for single-piece feeding during sorting is known, comprising a bunker, a stream with a roller conveyor and guides, and a swinging lever fixed on the axis below the hopper 1.

However, the device does not provide sufficient uniformity due to the presence of gaps or twos, and performance is low due to frequent malfunctions and the required changeover.

Closest to the invention is a device for feeding objects of circular shape, containing a number of profiled rollers with grooves and a device for orientation of objects. Moreover, the device for orientation of objects is made in the form of a conveyor with flexible scrapers 2.

However, the known device does not allow for the reliable alignment of objects one by one, which is necessary when sorting them out.

The purpose of the invention is to provide reliable single-piece supply of items and simplify the design.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for feeding round objects, containing a series of profiled rollers with grooves and a device for orienting objects, the rollers are mounted rotatably in the direction opposite to the direction of objects being fed, and the orientation device contains zigzag guides located over a series of rollers on either side of the grooves.

In addition, the guides may be formed by separate elastic plates mounted with a slope in the direction of the exit of objects.

Moreover, the depth of the grooves of the rollers is 0.1-0.3 of their diameter.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed device, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - zigzag plot, top view; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 2

The device comprises a hopper 1, a stream with a roller conveyor 2 and guides 3. The rollers are profiled with a groove depth of 0.1-0.3 of their diameter and mounted with the possibility of counter-displacement of their working surfaces to the direction of movement of the conveyor. The zigzag section of the device (Fig. 2) has a length of 1.5-2 distances between the centers of the rollers and can be formed either by curved guides or discrete elastic plates mounted

on the rails with a slope to the final section of the stream (in Fig. 2, they are marked with shaded areas on the rails). Plates made of rubber or other elastic material are attached

to those directing the stream closer to the entrance to the stream. The distance between the vertices of the opposite guides facing the center of the stream, measured along the axis of the roller, is

1 / 4-1 / 2 brook width.

In the experimental setup of the plate

made of rubber with the possibility of their

elastic rotation,. angle reducing

tilt to the end section of the device.

A stream may contain several sections of a zigzag shape, the need to increase their number appears when building objects that are not sorted by size, which at the same time allows obtaining good uniformity and high performance.

0 The device operates as follows. Rounded objects, such as potato tubers, from bunker 1 are fed to rollers of conveyor 2 with guides 3 forming a stream. The number of streams

r is set depending on the performance required.

The operation of the device is considered for one stream, in the remaining streams the operation proceeds in a similar way. When tubers are moving from the bunker 1 to

0 roller conveyor 2, they tend to fill the cells formed by the grooves of the adjacent rollers. The depth of the grooves of the rollers is selected from the conditions of the most stable movement of the tubers in the cells, it is 0.1 - 0.3 of the diameter of the rollers. In this case, the rollers rotate so that their working surfaces move counter to the direction of movement of the conveyor. Experiments have shown that the execution of the groove is less than 0.1 and more than 0.3 of the roller diameter leads to a violation of stability due to the discrepancy between the shape of the transported objects and the shape of the ball. In addition, at greater depths of the grooves, the tubers are deposited deep in the cells, and it is possible to slip along the surface of the rollers. Loss of stability

5 and slipping disrupt the process of piece-by-line alignment; movement is not even.

When uncalibrated potato tubers exit the bunker, no more than one tuber can get into each cell. By interacting with the protruding part of the guide, the tubers are slowed down, lose the translational speed, and the roller located in this cell closer to the bunker rolls out to the subsequent cell, which is also closer to the bunker. Length

5 one section of the zigzag shape from the valley to the top is measured in the direction of transport and is 1.5-2 distances between the centers of the rollers.

The implementation of a zigzag section with a length of less than 1.5 the distance between the centers of the rollers leads to a violation of stability and loss of uniformity of movement, and more than 2 - to an unjustified increase in the size of the device and loss of performance. For unimpeded passage of one tuber lying in a cell, the distance between the vertices facing the center of the stream, opposite the zigzag guides, measured along the axis of the roller, is 1 / 4-1 / 2 of the width of the stream, depending on the range of sizes of tubers.

The choice of the distance between the zigzag tops of more than 1/2 of the broadening stream contributes to the uninterrupted passage of more than one tuber in the cell, and less than 1/4 to the increase in the gaps. That and the other reduces the quality of alignment, and the last - and productivity.

When a zigzag is formed by discrete plates, the process of aligning objects is similar to that indicated.

The proposed apparatus for single-piece feeding of round-shaped objects differs from those known for ease of manufacture, has high productivity and allows for reliable piece-by-piece alignment of objects.

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Claims (3)

1. A DEVICE FOR FEEDING SUBJECTS OF A ROUND FORM, containing a series of profiled rollers with grooves and a device for orienting objects, characterized in that, in order to ensure reliable piece-by-piece feeding of objects and simplifying the design, the rollers are mounted for rotation in the direction opposite to the direction of supply of objects, and the device for orientation contains zigzag guides located above the row of rollers on both sides of the grooves. 2. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the guides are formed by separate elastic plates mounted with an inclination towards the exit of objects. 3. The device according to π. 1, characterized in that the depth of the grooves of the rollers is 0.1 to 0.3 of their diameter. φαζ- / (I) "