SU1169694A1 - Rotary disc mass-exchange apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the instrumentation of processes of chemical, petrochemical, hydrometallurgical, food and other · industries. five

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the processes of mass transfer, increase the limiting productivity and stability of the apparatus. ten

FIG. 1 shows an extractor, a general view; FIG. 2-6 separation-pressure elements, option

The extractor consists of a vertical cylindrical body 1, partitioned in height by annular · partitions 2, an axial shaft 3 with dispersing disks 4.

On the shaft top and bottom reinforced dispersing discs ²⁰ separatsionno- pressure members 5 via radial partitions 6 _g GOVERNMENTAL separation-pressure elements are cylindrical or slightly conical patrubkiUgol taper depends on the phase difference and density is determined by calculating a time sufficient to precipitate the smallest droplets dispersed phase. On average, its value is in the range of 5–20 degrees. The nozzles are located at some distance from the dispersing discs, forming an annular gap. To improve the separation of phases, it is possible to use several concentrically installed nozzles (Fig. 3). Cylindrical nozzles can be made without flanging and with flanging of the edge removed from the dispersing disc - 40

(Fig. 4). In the latter case, the cylindrical nozzles create some pressure flow coming out of them. Conical nozzles are installed with a large base to the dispersing disc. Perhaps snug fit nozzles to the surface of dispersing disks. In this case, the edge of the nozzles has slots 7 (Fig. 5). Ring grooves 8 can be performed on the surface of the nozzle pipe (Fig. 6). distance from the surface of the pipes can be installed retaining ring 9 (Fig. 6). If there are grooves on the nozzle surface, the rings are located at the edge of them, which is located in the direction of the dispersing disc.

The extractor works as follows.

The heavy (TF) and light (LF) phases entered from the opposite ends of the apparatus move towards each other. Due to the effect on the phase flows of the rotating dispersing disks 4, one of the phases is crushed into droplets. Multiple circulation of the flow in each section of the apparatus leads to repeated multiple fragmentation of the resulting droplets and accumulation in the volume of a large number of fine droplets, which enhances the back mixing and thereby reduces the intensity of mass transfer. In addition, the mass transfer rate depends

1169694

on the size of the droplets, decreasing noticeably for small droplets. In many cases, the intensity of fusion of droplets, especially when processing easily emulsified systems, lags considerably behind the process of their fragmentation, as a result of which the capacity of the apparatus is reduced due to the onset of choking. The use of separation-pressure elements 5 allows to in- tensify | | 0. the process of merging the droplets under the influence of the field of centrifugal forces on them as the flow moves through these elements. The flow of the continuous and dispersed phases is sucked into the nozzle 5 from the space between the dispersing disks 4 and is twisted with partitions 6. The suction increases with the use of cylindrical nozzles with edges or conical nozzles. In this case, there is some pressure at the liquid outlet from such nozzles. The liquid outlet, under pressure, turbulent the flow on the dispersing disk, which has a positive effect on the process of mass transfer. The use of slots 7 in the nozzles 5 allows you to create a more uneven velocity profile at the exit of the flow from the nozzles and further turbulize the boundary layer on the dispersing disks. By reducing the distance between the nozzle and the dispersing disc, it is possible to increase the flow delay time in

branch pipes and provide a higher degree of separation of the phases. To increase the efficiency of separation, it is possible to use several concentrates installed branch pipes. The making of the annular grooves 8 improves the process of coalescence of the droplets, since a layer of the coalesced dispersed phase forms in these grooves, on contact with which the deposited droplets merge. The coalescence process is also facilitated by the installation near the surfaces of the nozzles of rings 9-, which, slowing down the dispersed phase droplets, improve the coalescence conditions. The creation of conditions for the coalescence of dispersed phase droplets intensifies the process of mass transfer, helps to ensure the stability of the apparatus and increase its throughput by shifting the state of choking towards greater loads. In addition, it is possible to conduct the process at an increased rotor rotation speed, as a result of which + flow turbulence and mass transfer intensity increase. Increasing the speed of rotation of the rotor improves the efficiency of the separation-pressure elements. For an apparatus without separation-pressure elements, an increase in the rotational speed is limited to some optimal value, above which the efficiency of the apparatus deteriorates.

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Claims (1)

1. ROTOR-DISK MASS-EXCHANGE DEVICE, containing a vertical cylindrical body with annular partitions, a shaft with dispersing disks, which is designed to intensify mass transfer processes, increase the limiting productivity and stability of work separation-pressure elements located on the shaft above and below the dispersing discs and made in the form of single or assembled in packages cylindrical or conical nozzles. ϊβ »| Ψ " _eleven one _ one " " - one "M C 1 one ι / ΓΖ— * 1 one _one one one one _ 1kg ¹ ‘-GL one 2 3 four five zi, 1169694 Phage.} > 1 169694 2. The device for π. 1, characterized in that the cylindrical nozzles are made with edges. 3. Apparatus BY item 1, o t l and- h and y n and th with I by that padding edges have a tube slotted. 4. Apparatus BY item 3, about t l and— h and y n and th with I by that nipples mounted close to the dispersing discs. 5. The apparatus is populated, 1, of the first, with the fact that annular grooves are made on the surface of the branch pipes. 6. The apparatus according to p. 1, characterized in that retaining rings are installed near the surface of the nozzles.