SU1164822A1 - Device for automatic controlling of active power transfers in power system - Google Patents

Abstract

AUTOMATIC REGULATION DEVICE FOR ACTIVE POWER FLOWS IN THE ENERGY SYSTEM contains a telemetry unit of adjustable parameters consisting of power flow sensors and power generating sensors, the input of which is connected to the power system, the first output combines the outputs of the power flow sensors, and the second output of the power generating sensors power settings, setpoint adjuster unit, the code of which combines the outputs of the setpoint adjusters, and the control unit connected by its output through the power control channel Adjusts the objects to the power grid, wherein the control unit comprises a corrective filter and a unit for calculating the actual settings and weights - which has a first input coupled to the first output of the telemetry unit, combined yuschim outputs power flow sensors, s & iMtii iijf is the second input connected to the second output of the telemetry unit, which connects the outputs of the generated power sensors, the third input connected to the output of the setpoint adjuster, the fourth input connected to the input of the corrective filter unit, the first output of actual settings, and again the weight output coefficients, and the output of the correction filter block is the output of the control block as a whole, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the power supply by increasing, speed and control accuracy, The block is additionally included as a shaping unit (L. of control actions, which is completed from power system node simulators and power line simulators, the number of which is determined by the number of nodes and power line power lines) - each power line simulator has two functional and two control inputs , and each simulator of the energy system node also has a control output, and these outputs form, in aggregate, the output of the control formation block as a whole, connected to the input th correction filter unit, the first control inputs of all mimics form together forming a first input block of actuating actions associated with the second output weighting coefficients bloke calculate actual settings and weights the second control inputs of all power lines imitatog form a moat

Description

the aggregate of the second input of the control actions forming unit associated with the first output of the actual settings of the actual settings and weights calculation unit; the second control inputs of all simulators of the power system nodes constitute in aggregate the third input of the formation of control actions associated with the second output of the unit telemetry, combining the outputs of the sensors of generating powers, the first functional inputs of all simulators of power system nodes are combined, the second functional inputs of these Taters and the first and second functional inputs of all power line simulators are interconnected similarly to the connection of the ends of simulated power lines with simulated power grid nodes, with each power node simulator made as a series-connected amplifier and controlled resistor connected in parallel with a controlled current source between The two functional inputs of the simulator, the control inputs of the controllable resistor, and the controllable current source are respectively and the second control inputs of the simulator as a whole, and the amplifier output is the control output of the simulator as a whole, each power line simulator is filled in the form of parallel-connected control resistor and a control current source connected between the two functional inputs of the simulator, and The control inputs of the controlled resistor and the controllable current source are respectively the first and second control inputs of the simulator as a whole.

The proposed device relates to electric power. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of power supply by increasing speed and control accuracy. Fig. 1 schematically shows the proposed device, in Fig. 2 a control action shaping unit; in fig. 3 and 4 — nodes, the input is more than part of the control action shaping unit — in particular, in FIG. 3 — the simulator of the power system node, and in FIG. 4 — the simulator of the power transmission line), in FIG. 5, an example of a certain power system; 6 shows an electrical circuit equivalent to this power system. The proposed device (Fig. O.) contains a unit 2 of telemetry measurements with adjustable parameters and a block 3 setpoint adjusters connected to the power system 1, and a control unit 5 is connected to the outputs of the control unit 5 by the power supply system 1 of control units 2 telemetry of adjustable parameters and unit 3 setpoint adjusters. Telemetry unit 2 consists of separate sensors 2-1-1;, ... adjustable flows and 2-1-1J 2-2-2, ... generated powers. Unit 3 setpoint adjusters consists of separate tasks 3-1-1; 3-1-2,.,. of the settings for power flow and 3-2-1; 3-2-2 ,, .. of the settings for the generated power. The set of the sensor outputs 2-1-1 ; 2-1-2 ,, .. let's call the first output of block 2 telemetry, and the set of outputs of sensors 2-2-1; 2-2-2, .., the second output of this block. Similarly, the set of outputs of setters 3-1- 1, 3-1-2 ,,,,, 3-2-1, 3-2-2 ,, .. we call the output of the setpoint adjuster block 3. Block 5 contains the block 6 of corrective filters 6-1.6-2 ,, .. a control action generation unit 8 and a unit 7 for calculating actual settings and weighting factors TOB, which has the first three inputs are connected to the outputs of the unit 2 telemetry and the output of the setpoint 3 settings, and the fourth input is connected to the input

block 6 corrective filters. The output of which is the output of the control unit as a whole. In block 8 of control actions, the output is connected to the combined inputs of block 6 of correction filters and block 7 for calculating actual settings and weighting factors, the two first inputs are connected to the outputs of this block 7, the third input is connected to the first output of block 2 telemetry. In this case, the control action shaping unit (Fig. 2) is made of simulators of power system nodes 9-1; 9-2, ..., 9-K, ... and power line simulators 10-1; 10-2 ,, 10-4 .., the number of which is determined by the number of nodes and power lines of the power grid. Each power line simulator Yu has two functional and two control inputs, and each power system simulator 9 also has a control output, and these outputs together form the output of the control action formation unit 8 as a whole. The first control inputs of all simulators form together the first input of this block, the second control inputs of all the simulators of 9 nodes of the power system - the third input of this block. The first functional inputs of all simulators 9 nodes of the power system are combined. The second, functional inputs of these simulators 9 and the first and second functional inputs of all simulators of 10 power lines are interconnected similarly to the connection of the ends of simulated power lines with simulated power grid nodes: each power line is simulated by one of the simulators 10-1, and each power grid node is simulated by one from 9-K imitators. Each simulator of the power system node 9 (Fig. 3) is made in the input of the controlled current source 11 connected in parallel with the series-connected amplifier 12 and the controlled resistor 13 connected between two functional simulator moves. The control inputs of the controlled resistor 13 and the controlled current source 1 1 are respectively the first and second control inputs of the simulator 9 as a whole, and the output of the amplifier 12 is the control output of the simulator 9 as a whole. Each simulator 10

The power lines (FIG. 4) are made in the form of a parallel-connected controlled current source 14 and a controlled resistor 15 connected between two function inputs 1 and 4 of the controller, and the control inputs of the controlled resistor and controlled current source are respectively the first and second control the inputs of the simulator as a whole. Unit 7 for calculating the actual settings and weighting factors is made in full accordance with the prototype. This unit contains two groups of comparison circuits whose inputs are the inputs of the actual setpoint calculation unit and the weighting factors in general. In addition, this block 7 contains blocks of registers, the outputs of which are the outputs of block 7 for calculating the actual settings and weights in general. The current sources 11 and 14 used in the device produce a current of constant magnitude, independent of the voltage at the terminals of the current source and determined by the signal at its control input. First of all, we consider the formulation of the regulation problem solved by the proposed device.

The task of regulating the frequency and flow of active power in the power system has the following mathematical formulation: to minimize J under conditions

p. +5 ri- m

(About CT I

(,,

(d) 3vtH; (P: rOS U-f f ib, v ,, {.)

RD; - measured power flows

nosti.

measured frequency

controls generated by the device;

power flows that are established after management has been tested; the frequency that is set after the control run;

actual flow settings;

actual frequency setting; - influence coefficients; , {, 1 with weights; / - power system statism. In the prototype, it is shown that weights; A, b, the actual settings P and i ° are determined by the block 7 for calculating the actual settings and weighting factors depending on the limiting values of overflows (;., P ;.) and the frequency a f). And also on the measured values of the node capacity and their limit values (P, P ,,, RG,). Perform some transformations of equations (1) - (3). The sum of the power flows along the power lines converging at a given node is equal to the nodal power, which is 7: A. R. (4) 1-.H it. . Where/,; (0.1-1) depending on the presence of a K-th node connection with f - and. power line and from the direction of flow, taken as positive. By the definition of control of a UK, we have Р Prj, + VK (5) From (4) and (5) it follows that 6 V, .z. /. (6) Note also that. (Now consider the particular case of this task, when the frequency in the regulation process should not change. This requirement, as a rule, is applied to the regulators of power systems. At that, it follows from (2) and (3) that (8 ) f, K: & J, l (Equation (6) is equivalent to equation (1) for power systems, where the influence coefficients are such that equation (1) has the only solution for variable TC, in particular, power systems without ring connections. Thus, the task of regulating power flows is and power transmission at a constant frequency is as follows: minimize 3 under conditions (8), (6) and (9). In this problem, Y | (; and P are unknown. The data are P .. and P, the latter are connected by an equation (7). In the proposed device, the indicated task is solved by an electrical circuit, which is a model of the power system, and at the same time is a physical model of this task. - there are sources of generating capacities P, P, PJ.I, Nodes are connected by power lines with overflows At RA l Obvious O RgGRm; RL2, HGR-P "-RAoRg, P.2-R '} e 00 P-O Rgz Prr in the power system control task flows has the form: minimize D under the conditions; pr, v, p;, pL,, pd-pd,, V, iV: j + V, -0 Consider now the electrical circuit (Fig 6) that should be formed in block 8 of the formation of control actions for this power system. In this electric circuit, the following notation is accepted, RK is the resistance of the resistor 13, which is part of the simulator 9-Kj, the resistance of the resistor 15, which is part of the simulator, the current source 11 of the current, which is part of the simulator 9-K; the current source 14 of the current included in the simulator 10; 1 current flowing through the resistor g; The IR current flowing through the resistor B. The applied 1T and 14 current sources in this circuit generate a constant current that does not depend on the voltage at the terminals of the 10-1 current source.

1g / 1g,

1g, Gg2 1 ,, - G

one

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Ir ,,

ABOUT

Thermal losses in the electric circuit,

QR, (iM-iM R2li “2-iu) 4r, l, + rjjfr, I%

If, in addition, the current currents are chosen so that

1gI1g2 1gz

ABOUT

(18)

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.G2 + 1G5 An electrical circuit containing only resistances and sources of a constant value satisfies the principle of minimum heat loss, i.e. The currents in such a circuit are distributed in such a way that they satisfy the first Kirchhoff law and minimize the amount of heat generated in the resistors. . In accordance with this principle, the value of Q in the circuit shown in Fig. 6 is minimized. Thus, this chain solves the following quadratic programming problem: minimize (18) under conditions (16) and (20), where currents are available, sources I, r,. P g (20). currents that satisfy the condition. As a result of solving this problem (i.e., at the end of the transient process), currents of 1 g г g э e. i can be measured. This task is completely equivalent to the stated regulation task for the power system depicted in FIG. Thus, if the currents of the sources 11 14 are set proportionally to the powers Pj. |, Rd of the power system, then the currents flowing through the resistors f turn out to be proportional to the controls Vj. We now consider the general case. Thus, an electrical circuit is considered consisting of current sources 11 and 14 and resistors 13 and 15 that are part of the control action formation unit 8. In this case, the problem of minimizing heat losses Q under conditions (21) - (24) is completely equivalent to the problem of minimizing the quality indicator 1- controlling the flows in the power system under conditions (7), (8), (6), (9). The device as a whole operates as follows. From the telemetry unit 2, the control inputs of the current sources 11 are supplied with the values of Pp | (set the source current. Thus, the currents of the sources 11 become equal to, 1. proportional to the generated powers Pj .. From the block .7 for calculating the actual settings and weights to the control inputs of the current sources 14 are supplied to the P values of the overflow settings. Thus, the currents of the sources 14 become equal to the If values proportional to the overflow settings R .. In addition, from the block 7 for calculating actual settings, and The coefficients of the control inputs of the resistors 13 and 15 are applied to the weighting factors Hc and q, respectively. Thus, the resistance values RK and P of these resistors become proportional to the coefficients h and q. As indicated, at the end of the transition process in the modeling current circuit in resistors 13 are set equal to the values 1, proportional to the control of V c. These currents also flow through the amplifiers 12

.9II

(with low input impedance). Thus, the signals at the outputs of the amplifiers 12 turn out to be proportional to the control center. These signals are fed to the inputs of the correction filter block 6, Block 6 is selected in a manner known in the art of automatic control, in order to ensure the required quality of the dynamic control process (stability, speed, overshoot value), 7r7 / g ffjf ff / i / oSo-Af / / y / wg wg. cho / (affa / t / c oiS f / fyaiSot

64822. ten

The signals from the output of block 6, corrective filters are fed through 4 to power system 1 to change the power of the regulating objects. 5 As a result of this, the current values of the regulated parameters of the power system change. After the next measurement cycle, the corresponding television signals are fed back to the inputs of the current sources 11 and 1-4, resulting in a closed loop control system. w% fi. 6j7O / ifO / y / ff fT / y g Lf / A / TJ / yoS 4, x-1 / lra - / E / gOs / C / 37 t muffetA / / ffAt / f}

fi c / novf f /

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Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF ACTIVE POWER FLOWS IN POWER SYSTEM, containing a telemetry unit of adjustable parameters * meters, consisting of power sensors and power sensors, the input of which is connected to the power system, the first output combines the outputs of the sensors of power flows, and the second - the outputs of the sensors of power flows power, the setpoint setter unit, the output of which combines the outputs of the setpoint setter, and a control unit connected by its output through the channel objects with a power system, and the control unit contains a block of corrective filters and a unit for calculating the actual settings and weights, which has a first input connected to the first output of the telemetry unit, combining the outputs of the power flow sensors, a second input connected to the second output of the telemetry unit, combining the outputs of the sensors of generated powers, the third input connected to the output of the setpoint adjuster, the fourth input connected to the input of the correction filter unit, the first output is actual Sgiach · vtrroy settings and output weighting coefficients, and an output of the corrective filter block is the output of the control unit as a whole, characterized in that, to increase the reliability by increasing the power. speed and accuracy of regulation, the control unit additionally includes a block for generating control actions, which is made of simulators of power system nodes and power line simulators, the number of which is determined by the number of nodes and lines. power grid power system. each power line simulator has two functional and two control inputs, and each power system node simulator also has a control output, and these outputs together form the output of the control actions generation unit as a whole, connected to the input of the correction filter block, the first control inputs of all simulators form aggregate, the first input of the block of the formation of control actions associated with the second output of the weighted coefficients of the block? for calculating the actual settings and weighting factors, the second control inputs of all simulators of power lines form the second input of the control actions generation unit associated with the first output of the actual settings of the calculation of actual settings and weighting factors, the second control inputs of all simulators of the power system · form together the third input of the control actions generation unit associated with the second output of the telemeasurement unit, combining the outputs of the sensors generating their capacities, the first functional inputs of all the simulators of the power system nodes are combined, the second functional inputs of these simulators and the first and second functional inputs of all the simulators of power lines are interconnected in the same way as the ends of the simulated power lines with the simulated nodes of the power system made in the form of a series-connected amplifier and a controlled resistor connected in parallel with a controlled current source between two functional the input inputs of the simulator, the control inputs of the controlled resistor and the controlled current source are respectively the first and second control inputs of the simulator as a whole, and the amplifier output is the control output of the simulator as a whole, each power line simulator is made in the form of a parallel connected resistor and a controlled current source, connected between two functional inputs of the simulator, and the control inputs of a controlled resistor and a controlled current source are respectively th and the second control inputs of the overall simulator.