SU1162717A1 - Arrangement for unloading loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

A DEVICE FOR UNLOADING OF BULK MATERIALS containing a hopper with a conical bottom divided in horizontal planes into sections, and vibrators mounted on them, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy costs and ensure a more uniform release of bulk materials, each section except the upper one is equipped with A sensor is used to write a material, the latter being electrically connected to the vibrator of the overlying section. (L od IN9 h

Description

The invention relates to the field of storage and bulk materials from bunkers and can be used in chemical, construction and other sectors of the national economy. A device for unloading bulk materials is known, which contains a hopper with a conical bottom and a material presence sensor and vibrator 1} mounted on it. A device is known for unloading bulk materials containing a hopper with a conical bottom divided into sections in horizontal planes, and vibrators 2J fixed on them. The disadvantages of the known devices are significant energy consumption and uneven release of bulk material. The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and ensure a more uniform release of bulk materials. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for unloading bulk materials, containing a hopper with a conical bottom, divided in horizontal planes into sections, and vibrated on them, tori, each section, besides the top, is equipped with a material availability sensor, the latter electrically coupled to the vibrator of the overlying section. 1 shows a device for unloading bulk materials, a general view; figure 2 - node I in figure 1; FIG. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. The conventional diagram of the formation of material arches in the conical bottom of the bunker. The device comprises a bunker consisting of a body 1 with vertical walls and a conical bottom, the upper part of which 2 is rigidly connected to the body, and the lower part is divided in horizontal planes into the lower 3, upper 4 and intermediate 5-7 sections. The bunker is fastened with paws 8 on the supporting metalwork 9, and each section through rigidly fixed protrusions 10 and spring-loaded elements 11 rests on the console 12 of the supporting metalwork. The sections are placed relative to each other in height with small gaps (for example, 10-20 mm in size), which are sealed with elastic elements 13. Vibrators 14 and sensors 15 are attached to each section; lychee material leaving the internal cavity sections. Sensors and vibrators are electrically interconnected in such a way that the vibrator is switched on to any of the sections only by the sensor signal from the adjacent section, providing the necessary sequence of switching on the vibrators, while the upper levels of the oscillating sections are planes of material separation in the bunker . The hopper is filled with bulk material 16, which is discharged through an outlet 17 to a receiving device 18 (e.g., a belt conveyor). A device for unloading bulk materials works as follows. The material 16 loaded into the hopper when the shutter is opened (not shown) is freely discharged through the outlet 17. As time passes (due to the change in the physical and mechanical properties of the material, a roof 19 is formed above the outlet 17, which prevents free gravitational unloading of the material. For ensuring the unloading of material from the hopper, manually turns on the vibrator 14 fixed on section 3, under the action of which section 3 comes into oscillation together with the material inside it, forming the arch 19. As a result, delamination of the material in the bunker along the upper level of section 3, which somewhat exceeds the upper level of the roof 19, and the collapse of the roof 19 descend. With a further change in the material properties, the roofs form at higher levels, moving first to section 5 and then to the overlying sections, reaching the upper level 20 of the arching zone. In this case, intermediate 21 and 22 and limit 23 arches are chaotically formed, which can be in one section. For example, how the arches 19 and 21 are shown) or in two sections (for example, how the arches 23 and 22). As the vaults move in the same sequence, vibrators are turned on in those sections where a vault is currently formed with the vibration of one or two sections (according to the formation of the arch in one or two

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sections x). Under the action of vibrators, the section and the material with vaults, which is in them, come into oscillation, as a result of which the material is stratified by upper levels. sections in the sequence of formation of arches with their simultaneous collapse in sections. After the collapse of the vaults, the material exits these sections, moving sequentially through the underlying sections to the outlet 17, and then discharges from the hopper. The signal to turn on the vibrators is given by the sensors of level 15, and on the vibrator of the section, where in this case

The cop was formed; a signal is given by the sensor of the adjoining underlying section (for example, a section 5 sensor gives a signal to the vibrator of section 6). A signal can be given, for example,. in the absence of material pressure on the sensor in the underlying section.

The use of the proposed device for unloading bulk materials will reduce the power of the vibrators and eliminate the dynamic loads on its structure, significantly reduce energy costs, and also reduce the size of the outlet of the bunker.

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Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR UNLOADING BULK MATERIALS, containing a hopper with a conical bottom, divided in horizontal planes into sections, and vibrators mounted on them, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption and ensure a more uniform discharge of bulk materials, each section, except the top, is equipped with a sensor the presence of material, the latter being electrically connected to the vibrator of the overlying section.