SU1157671A1 - Device for delaying pulses - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A PULSE DELAY DEVICE containing an inertial link, a comparator and a former whose input is a device input, the output is connected to an input of an inertial link, and the comparator output is an input of the device, characterized in that, in order to extend the functionality by forming random delay with adjustable statistical parameters; three keys are inserted in it, a random voltage generator and a switching signal block whose outputs are connected to control inputs of the corresponding primary keys, the main input of the first switch is connected to the output of the inertial link, and the output is connected to the first input of the comparator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the switching signal unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver, and the third input the input of the second switch is connected to the direct output of the random voltage generator, the inverse output of which is connected to the main input of the third switch, the output of which is connected to the output of the second switch and the second input of the comparator. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of switching signals contains two OR elements, two BANKS and NO-AND element, the first input of the switching signal block is connected to the inverse input of the first element, BAN and the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is the first output of the switching signal unit, the second input of which is connected to the second input of the first element OR, the inverse SP input of the second element BANNER, the first input of the element NOR, and the direct One input of the first element BREAD whose output is connected to the first input of the second OR element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the non-AND element, and the output of the second element OR is the second output of the switching signal unit, the third input of which is connected to the second input of the NOT-AND element and the forward input of the second BAN element, output which is the third output of the switching signal unit.

Description

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The invention relates to a pulse and power engineering technique and can be used to obtain random time delays, as well as to physically simulate delay devices taking into account instability or scatter of time parameters.

The aim of the invention is to enhance the functionality of the device by generating a random delay with adjustable statistical parameters.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the device proposed in FIG. 2 - timing charts of the device and the truth table of key management signals.

The pulse delay device consists of a driver 1, an inertial link 2, a comparator 3, three keys 4, 5 and 6, a block 7 of switching signals and a generator 8 of random voltage. The input of unit 1 and the output of unit 3 are the input and output of the entire device, respectively. Input 9 is the control input.

The input device through the imaging unit 1 is connected to the input of the inertial element 2, the output of which is connected to the first input of the comparator 3 through the key 4 through its main input. The second input of the comparator 3 is connected to the outputs of the keys 5 and 6, and its output is the output of the device and connected to the first input of the switching signal unit 7, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver 1, and the first, second and third outputs of it are connected respectively key inputs 4-6.

The main inputs of the keys 5 and 6 are connected respectively to the direct and inverse outputs of the random voltage generator 8. Input 9 is the third input of the switching signal unit 7.

The switching signal unit 7 contains the first element OR 10, the first input of which is the first input of the unit 7 and connected to the inverse input of the first BAN element 11, and the second input is the second input of the unit 7 and connected to the forward input of the first BAN 11, first the input element is NOT-AND 12 and the inverse input of the second element BAN

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13, the direct input of which is the third input of unit 7 and is connected to. the second input element is NOT-AND 12, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the second element OR 14, the other input of which is connected to the output of the first element BAN 11.

The outputs of the first 10 and second 14 elements OR, as well as the output of the second element BANGE 13 are the first, second and third outputs of the switching signal unit 7, respectively.

Shaper 1 is used to form stable voltage levels of logic signals O and 1 from corresponding input signals, the amplitude of which can have a large scatter. As it can be used, for example, inverters or a logical follower.

In this case, a logical follower is applied as a driver 1.

With the help of the inertial link 2, the main function of the time delay is performed. This link can be implemented on the basis of the RC-chain (either as a passive circuit, or with an operational amplifier). The input signals for link 2 are rectangular pulses from the former 1.

Comparator 3 provides the formation of output signals, which is the result of delaying the input Delay time depends on the constant time of the inertial link 2 and the level of the threshold voltage supplied to the second Bxoja of the comparator 3.

The keys 4-6 are intended for switching analog signals through the main inputs. Control signals in the form of levels O and 1 are applied to the control inputs of these keys. If the control signal is O, the key

closed and the input voltage from the main input does not pass to the output, if 1, then the output voltage is almost equal to the voltage across the main input of the key, i.e. the key is open.

Denote control signals

keys 4-6, respectively, through K, K, (Fig. 2cj). These control signals are generated by the switching signal unit 7, representing a logic circuit. The signals for block J7 are the signals of the code of the driver 1, the output of the comparator 3 (the output of the entire device) and the special control input 9 depending on the signal on which the device can provide two working modes: the negative correlation generation mode and the positive correlation generation mode the time delay of the neighboring edges of the input pulses.

The randomness of the time delay is provided by a random voltage generator 8, which forms a fluctuating threshold voltage for comparator 3. The generator 8 consists, for example, of a random signal sensor 15, which forms a random process such as a generalized telegraph signal. The sampling frequency of this signal is set by item 16 settings. A telegraph-type signal from the output of sensor 15 smoothes with a low-pass filter 17, at the output of which a voltage is randomly generated with a distribution close to normal. The upper frequency spectrum of this voltage can be set by tuning elements 16 and 18. The amplifier 19 forms at its outputs two antiphase random normal distributed voltages with adjustable mean value and dispersion using elements 20 and 21, respectively.

Such a construction of the random voltage generator 8 provides independent adjustments of the spectral characteristics, dispersion and average value of the normally distributed voltages from both outputs.

The device works as follows.

The delayed pulse process is fed to the input of shaper 1. From its input, the process Ae | 0, l |, restored at both levels, enters the input of the inertial link 2, in which the conversion of rectangular pulses into exponential occurs. Further, these pulses with exponentially closed fronts through the key 4 arrive at the first input of the comparator 3. A random reference voltage applied from the generator 8 of the random voltage through the key 5 or 6 acts on the second input of the comparator. When the voltage of the first input of the comparator 3 exceeds sieve reference voltage; a differential of logical levels of type is formed at the output of the device, which means the formation of one of the delayed fronts. The set of alternating differences, at the output of the comparator 3 are the output pulse process, l | , which is an input process delayed at random intervals (as well as process A, if a logical repeater is used as a driver 1).

The device can operate in two modes: in the mode of formation of negative and in the mode of formation of positive correlations of the delay time of the neighboring edges of the input pulses, which corresponds to the input to the control input 9 of the block 7 of the switching signal C, respectively O and 1.

FIG. Figure 2a shows the time diagrams of the device at C O. In this case, the key 6 is permanently closed (Kj O) and the comparator 3 is a constant comparison of the exponential pulses with a random voltage taken from one (generator output 8 random voltage. In this In this mode, a negative correlation is formed between the delays of adjacent fronts of the input pulses. A negative sign of the correlation of time delays is formed due to the positive correlation of the reference voltage at time points, corresponding to the formation of two adjacent fronts of the output process B. For example, the reference voltage during the formation of a type transfer increased, then the delay along this front will change relative to the mean value upwards. If by the time the next voltage drops, the reference voltage will also be higher than the average then the delay along this front is already reduced. Thus, narrowing the random voltage spectrum using elements 16 and 18, increase the values of the positive correlation of the reference voltage audio at all time points, including the moment of operation of the comparator 3, the degree samyuvelichivayut negative correlation time delays adjacent (opposite in sign) of the fronts of the input pulses.

The operation of the device in the mode of forming a positive correlation

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(at C 1) is illustrated by time diagrams (Fig. 2i). The difference from the previous mode is that alternating voltages from the direct or inverse output of the generator 8 of the random voltage are alternately connected to the second input of the comparator 3 using keys 5 and 6. Due to this, in the adjacent time points of the comparison of stresses, the process values at the second input of the comparator will be in a negatively correlated connection, and the corresponding time delays will be positively correlated.

The process of forming the reference voltage UK 1, taken from the combined outputs of the keys 5 and 6, is illustrated by timing diagrams (Fig. 25).

At the moment of the beginning of the operation of level 1, the input of the device, and consequently, the output of the imaging device 1 (process A, fig. 25) is connected using the key 5 of the second input of the comparator 3 to the direct output of the generator 8 (K 1, K, 0) whereby the formation of the output differential of the process & type And at the moment of termination of the action on the input of the device of level 1, voltage VK (; is determined already by voltage from the inverse output of generator 8, thanks to public key 6 (K 0, Kj 1), which ensures the formation of the output differential of type B process. Similarly the formation of the reference voltage and the corresponding time delays for the remaining input pulses in case C, 1 (the mode of forming a positive correlation of B1 delays) occurs. For the formation of statistically independent time delays using elements 16 and 18 to provide a sufficiently wideband random process from the generator outputs 8, such that the correlation interval of the reference voltage is significantly less than i the minimum possible duration (and pause) of the input pulses. i.e. C e (0, l | In order to ensure stable operation of the comparator 3 in both mode- max (Ce () keys 4-6 commi

The signals are respectively output from the inertial link 2 and from the outputs of the generator 8 in such a way that after the next operation of the comparator 3, the input voltage difference at its inputs increases significantly. This avoids the false alarms of the comparator 3 against possible oscillations of a random reference voltage around the reference point. The effect of such a hysteresis effect (at C 0) is illustrated by a timing diagram (Fig. 2a).

Before the formation of the output differential of the process & The type of key 5 is open (Кз 1), and the key 4 is closed (К 0), as a reference voltage of the comparator 3, a random voltage acts from the direct output of the generator 8. After the comparator 3 has triggered, i.e. after the formation of the output type difference, the key 5 closes (K 0) and reduces the reference voltage to zero by disconnecting from the direct output of the generator 8 in the presence of voltage from the inertial link 2 (K 1). This provides a sufficiently large difference in the input voltages of the comparators 3 and - UK (for C4eTUKjiCj- 0). After supplying the differential device to the input, the random voltage (Kj 1) is again connected to the second input of the comparator.

1 (with K 1), after which the difference is triggered, is increased by disconnecting the inertial link voltage 2 from the main input of the comparator 3 (Ki 0)

(UK, 0). Similar hysteresis properties (when) of the operation of comparator 3 and keys 4-6 are illustrated by time diagrams (Fig. 2§). The operation of the switches is provided by the switching signals block 7, the control keys 4-6, executed in the form of a combinational circuit (Fig. 1, block 7). Truth tables of key management signals 4 (K), 5 (Kj)

and 6 (k,) are shown in FIG. 2a, b.

In the proposed device, the time delay dispersion can be adjusted by varying the variance of the reference voltage with the aid of the element 20.

By changing the average value of the output voltage of the amplifier 19 using the control element 21

You can set different degrees of time nonlinearity of the delay device, i.e. to provide different average values of time delays of the type and differences. For example, if the average value of both voltages from the outputs of amplifier 19 is more than half the amplitude of the voltage from the output of inertial link 2, then the average differential delay time is less than the average value of the differential delay and vice versa, if the average value of the reference voltage is less than half the amplitude of the signal from inertial link 2 When the mean value of the reference voltage is equal to half the amplitude of the exponential pulses from the output of the link 2, the same average delays are formed along both edges of the input pulses, i.e. in this case, the delay is linear. The average value of the time delay is determined by the time constant of the inertial link 2.

Taking into account that the law of distribution of the delay is determined by the law of distribution of the reference voltage from generator 8, it is possible with the help of setting elements 16 and 18 to set not only the normal distribution, but also, for example, parabolic, uniform, arcsinusoidal, etc.

The use in the proposed device of keys, a block of switching signals and a generator of random voltage with elements of adjustment of the spectrum, average value, dispersion and distribution law as compared with the known one allows realizing random time delays with adjustable statistical parameters (dispersion, mathematical

expectation, correlation function, law of distribution and degree of nonlinearity), which greatly expands the functionality of the device.

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Claims (2)

1. DEVICE OF DELAY OF PULSES, containing an inertial link, a comparator and a shaper, the input of which is the input of the device, the output is connected to the input of the inertial link, and the output of the comparator is the output of the device, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality due to the formation of a random delay with adjustable statistical parameters, three keys are introduced into it, a random voltage generator and a block of switching signals, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the corresponding keys her, the main input of the first key is connected to the output of the inertial link, and the output is to the first input of the comparator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the switching signal block, the second input of which is connected to the output of the driver, and the third input is control, the main input of the second key is connected to the direct output of the random voltage generator, the inverse output of which is connected to the main input of the third key, the output of which is connected to the output of the second key and the second input of the comparator. 2. The device pop. 1, characterized in that the switching signal block contains two OR elements, two FORBID elements and an NAND element, the first input of the switching signal block is connected to the inverse input of the first element, FORBID and the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is the first output of the block switching signals, the second input of which is connected to the second input of the first OR element, the inverse input of the second element is FORBID, the first input of the element is NAND and the direct input of the first element is FORBID, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second element AND LI, the second input of which is connected to the output of the NAND element, and the output of the second OR element is the second output of the switching signal block, the third input of which is connected to the second input of the NAND element and the direct input of the second BAN element, the output of which is the third output of the signal block commutation.