SU1157160A2 - Density meter for large-lump soils - Google Patents

Abstract

PLOTNOMER FOR LARGE-BROKEN SOILS by author. :at. No. 937605, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality, the upper sealed vessel is provided with a loading chamber formed as a hollow piston, and the pressure pump is additionally connected to the upper sealed vessel under the loading chamber (L el O)

Description

This invention relates to the study of physicomechanical soil disorders. According to the main auth .. sv. No. 937605 is a known densimeter for coarse-grained soils that includes a housing connected to a bladder, measuring devices, while the housing is equipped with a partition dividing it into two hermetic vessels and pumps located on the housing, the vessels and the balloon being connected to the pumps and to each other through highways with the possibility of them. Overlap l J. The disadvantage of this densitometer is that the control is not very fast due to the need to determine the moisture content of each soil sample to determine the density of dry coarse-grained soil, which is a controlled parameter. Determination of humidity is carried out in laboratory conditions and takes a period of 6-12 hours. The volume of samples taken for these purposes has a significant mass, which increases the labor intensity of the control. The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a densitometer for coarse-grained soils, including a housing connected to an elastic balloon, provided with a partition dividing it into two hermetic vessels, and pumps placed on the housing, the vessels and the balloon are connected to the pumps and to each other through lines with the possibility of blocking them, the upper sealed vessel is equipped with a loading chamber made in the form of a hollow piston, and the pressure pump is additionally connected via a line with the upper sealed vessel, under the Tiller camera The drawing shows the proposed density meter, a general view. The densitometer includes a housing 1 with day 2 and a lid 3, divided by reel 4 into upper and lower sealed vessels 5 and 6, a forcing pump 7 connected by a line 8 overlapping two cranes 9 and 10 with an upper sealed vessel 5 and a man-meter 11, balloon 12 of an air-tight elastic material, with a single pipe 13, overlapping with a crane 1A, with a vessel 5 of it with a pipe 15, overlapping with a rat 16, with a suction pump 17, a sealed vessel 3 with a pipe 18 with a crane 19 is connected with a sealed vessel 6. When connecting the injection naso 7 and 8 to the backbone to prevent the return air travel provided a valve 20. The sealed vessel 5 placed peredvigayuscha with exposure to air displacement chamber 21, formed as a hollow piston. The sealed vessel 5 is additionally connected by a main under the loading chamber 21 to the injection pump; som 7. The loading chamber 21 in the upper part of the vessel 5 is limited to the stop: the ring 22. The principle of operation of the densitometer is based on the application of the Boyle-Mariott law. Densitometer works as follows. In a controlled layer of coarse-grained soil, a sample is taken and a bottle 12 is placed in a well 23 formed after taking a sample, the volume of the well must be less than the volume of the cylinder in the filled state, and the meter is attached to the ground surface with pins 24. From the cylinder 12 with a suction pump 17 air is evacuated and valve 16 is closed. Air is pumped into the hermetic vessel 5 by means of a pump 7 with the valve 10 closed and valve 9 open and pressure gauge 11 measured with pressure gauge 11. Then the valve 14 is opened and the air in the vessel 5, under the pressure of P., enters the cylinder 12, pressing it against the surface of the well. The pressure of the RE is measured. The hermetic vessel 5 - cylinder 12 installed in the system. If the volume of the sealed vessel 5 is V, then the volume of the well V. is determined by the expression Zll where Pn is the atmospheric pressure. After determining the volume of the well, they start determining the mass of the sample Q and the volume of the sample, for which the cover 3 is removed and the pump 7 with the pump 9 closed and the valve 10 open 10 in the lower part of the vessel 5 serves air, while the loading chamber 21 moves to the upper

3

a portion of the vessel 5 N is fixed there by an abutment ring 22. In a sealed vessel 5, a pressure P is created, which is measured by a pressure gauge T1. At the same time, the sample 25 taken from the controlled layer is placed in the loading chamber 21. Under the weight of the sample, the loading chamber 21 moves down and compresses the air in the sealed vessel 5. A pressure gauge 11 measures the pressure P established in vessel 5 after the sample has been placed. By the well-known expression, the sample mass is determined.

R4-Ma

where S is the cross-sectional area of the hermetic vessel 5,

Both cranes 9 and 10 are opened, the air that is in the lower part of the hermetic vessel 5 comes out, and the loading chamber 21 together with the sample 25 is moved to the hermetic vessel 5. The shutter 3 and the crane 10 are closed and, with the valve 9 open, they are pumped 7 pressurized vessel 5 air to pressure R.

Then the valve 19 is opened and the pressure P, the hermetic vessel 5 installed in the system, the sealed vessel 6 is measured.

If the volume of a sealed vessel

5V, and the volume of the sealed vessel

6Vj, the volume of mineral particles

57160 and

the water contained in the sample V is determined by the expression

Jia

V v 1

After performing these operations, the density of dry coarse-grained soil is determined from

 (Uz-Uv) -

where - d is the density of the mineral particles of the soil, which is determined beforehand in laboratory conditions, the value is constant for each type of coarse-grained soil, g / cm, V, - WATER DENSITY, g / cm.

The values of P, Pj and P are standardized and are included in the technical characteristics of the instrument. The device is supplied with monograms, according to which, depending on Pj, P4 and P, they determine V ,, Qrp gr e and then. which is compared to the required.

The establishment of three phase characteristics, instead of the conventional two, makes it possible to exclude the operation of determining the humidity of the sample, which is

Efficiently increases the monitoring efficiency: allows to obtain characteristics of the quality of compaction by direct measurement on the object, and also allows the correction of the compaction process.

Claims (1)

DENSITY METER FOR LARGE-BREAKING SOILS by ed. St. P 937605, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality, the upper sealed vessel is equipped with a loading chamber made in the form of a hollow piston, and the injection pump is additionally connected via a line to the upper sealed vessel under the loading chamber. 1197160