SU1142614A1 - Apparatus for drilling boreholes - Google Patents

Abstract

WELL DRILLING DEVICE, including drill pipes, a hollow shaft with a pilot drill bit, a telescopically connected dilator to the hollow shaft via a cam clutch, and an axial position fixator relative to the hollow shaft, characterized in that, in order to increase the mechanical drilling speed and simplify the design , the body of the reamer is rigidly connected to the drill string, and the working elements of the reamer have tappets with a beveled end surface mounted with the possibility of interaction with the retainer m extender to bring it out of the working position. (L

Description

one

The invention relates to a drilling technique, in particular, to technical means for preventing borehole distortion in a rotary drilling method.

The known arrangement of the lower part of the drill string for drilling vertical wells in a rotary manner, comprising a bit, an elongated drill pipe with upper and lower calibrators, each of which consists of a housing and calibrating elements; each calibrator is provided with stops installed between its body and the calibrating elements and located opposite the elastic links in the diagonal sectors formed by two mutually perpendicular distinct planes passing through the middle of the calibrator, with the stops and the elastic links of one calibrator relative to the other vertically.

Closest to the invention is a device for drilling wells, including drill pipes, a hollow shaft with a pilot bit, an expander, telescopically connected to the hollow shaft by means of a cam clutch, and an axial position fixing device relative to the hollow shaft.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not allow drilling, deep wells, besides it has a complex structure and a low mechanical speed of drilling.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the mechanical speed of drilling and simplify the design of the device.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the well drilling device including drill pipes, a white shaft with a pilot bit, an expander telescopically connected to the hollow shaft by means of a cam clutch, and an axial position fixator relative to the hollow shaft, the expander body is rigidly connected to the column drill pipes, and the working elements of the expander have pushers with a beveled end surface mounted with the possibility of interacting with the expander retainer for withdrawing it from the working position.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a well drilling apparatus, about 14Tt

general view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one.

The well drilling device comprises a tubular body 1 with a shaft 2 placed telescopically therein, at the bottom of which the sub 3 is fixed with a pilot bit 4, and the upper end is a thickened part connected to the cam half coupling 5 which engages with the half coupling 6, connected by a thread with the housing 1. The cam half coupling 6 with scorpus 1 is simultaneously a dissolver, in which quick-detachable rock-breaking cutters 7 (rigidly) and cutters 8 are installed (with the possibility of longitudinal movement of but the axis 9).

On movable cutters 8, a pusher 10 is installed with a tip 11 having a beveled end surface that cooperates with a latch 12 of the axial position of the expander relative to the hollow shaft, the latch 12 is spring-loaded with a spring 13 and installed in the window of the housing 1 closed by a casing 14. diaphragm valve 15, coupling halves 5 and 6 form a cam sleeve 16 for coupling a spreader with a hollow shaft, the spreader body 1 has a cut 17 for rigid connection with drill pipes (not shown).

The device works as follows.

Before the device is lowered into the well, it must be assembled. To do this, the cam half coupling 5 is mounted on the upper end of the hollow shaft 2, which is installed in the housing 1, and then the cam half coupling 6 is screwed into it. A sub 3 with a pilot bit 4 is attached to the lower end of the hollow shaft 2 (B) ) 6 fastened quick-detachable cutters 7 and 8, and pushers 10 with wedge tips 11 are installed.

In the upper (threaded part) of the housing 1, a flap 15 is installed.

The assembled device is connected to the PBT and lowered into the well. The process of drilling and sequencing the expansion of the well to the required diameter is carried out as follows. Initially, the Burits pilotwood with the maximum allowable load on the pilot bit 4, while the rotation from the rotor to the pilot bit 4 is transmitted through the latches 12, which engage with the hollow shaft 2. During the drilling of the pilot shaft, the half-extender 6 performs a full cent function rrator. After the interval corresponding to the distance from the pilot-hole 4 to the cutters 8 is drilled, a load begins to be created on them, as a result of which they are shifted upwards, and since they are connected to the rappers Yu, on which there are tips 11, on the clips 12 and disengages them from the hollow shaft 2 to the neutral position and this, in its turn, leads to the disengagement of the cam clutch 16 and the stopping of the pilot bit 4. After this, only the spacing of the drilled interval is extended, and the hollow shaft 2 serves as a guide for which the expander is moving. Spacing | Shirki is equal to the distance from the body of the extender to the upper end of the interlayer 3. At the same distance in the tubular housing 1 a diaphragm valve 15 is installed, which freely rotates on its axis. When the process of expansion is terminated under the action of the end face of the hollow shaft 2, the diaphragm valve 15 rotates and overlaps its channel, which leads to an abrupt change in pressure, which is fixed on the manometer installed in the drilling rig. Therefore, in order to avoid the bore of the safety diaphragms on the drilling pumps, it is necessary to raise the drilling tool (having previously turned off the rotor) to a height slightly exceeding the expansion interval, which allows the device to be reset. The process of drilling the wellbore is carried out as follows: 1 to it: drilling the pilot bore — expanding the boring tool (charging device) — drilling pilottol. In this way, conditions are created to completely prevent the curvature of a well bore that is drilling in difficult geological conditions and to obtain high speed drilling rates. It is known that as the bit diameter decreases, the intensity of the curvature of the wells decreases. With the installation of centering and stabilizing devices above the bit, the bent hole of the wells stops, but as the gap between the walls of the well and the centering devices increases, it resumes. In the device, the gap between the borehole walls and the reamer cutters is absent; therefore, when the pilot bore is drilled, the reamer installed above the bit at a distance of 2–3 m from it not only functions as a centralizer, but also calibrates the bore, i.e. . performs the functions of a calibrator, as a consequence of this pilot-curvature. the trunk does not occur. When the pilot bore is rubbed to the required diameter, the curvature is prevented by the fact that the expander is guided by a hollow shaft with a pilot bit that senses the lateral forces acting on the expander and thereby prevents the curvature. The feasibility of using the invention is to reduce the material costs associated with the well wiring, by simplifying the design of the device.

Claims (1)

A WELL DRILLING DEVICE, including drill pipes, a hollow shaft with a pilot bit, an expander telescopically connected to the hollow shaft with a cam clutch, and an axial position retainer for the expander relative to the hollow shaft, characterized in that, in order to increase the mechanical drilling speed and simplify the design , the casing of the expander is rigidly connected with the drill pipe string, and the working elements of the expander have pushers with a beveled end surface installed with the possibility of interaction with the extension clamp the protector to bring it out of its working position.