SU1134145A1 - Apparatus for incubation of roe and seasoning salmon fish lavrae and artificial substrate for effecting same - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for incubating the roe and keeping the larvae of salmon fish, comprising a water tray, a housing mounted in the tray, divided by vertical partitions into sections, and supporting horizontal plates of filtering material for the substrate, located in each section to form a water supply cavity, characterized by so that, in order to ensure uniform distribution of the larvae within the substrate and improve the oxygen regime, it is equipped with pipelines for water supply, mounted in the housing above the level of complements its substrate and placed in the cavity trubi kami with perforated portions for each section is equipped with nozzles (A for feeding and draining the water, equipped with locking rectifiers.

Description

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2. Device no-p. 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure that the eggs are washed with a disinfectant solution and to remove contaminants from the substrate, an additional pipe with a pipeline for connecting it to the pressure tank or pump is installed at each water inlet.

3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that, for ease of maintenance, each section is equipped with a perforated substrate container.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that for providing visual control and regulation of water flow, the vertical partitions between sections are made collapsible from individual elements, the upper part of which has a triangular cutout for draining water.

5. Artificial substrate for incubating the eggs and keeping the fish larvae.

predominantly salmon, consisting of pebble-like grains, characterized in that, in order to increase the number of caviar and eggs per substrate volume of the substrate, its grains are made of a polymeric material and provided with either through channels located along their axes or grooves, made on their outer surface with the possibility of mutual intersection.

6. Substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, in order to impart the properties of natural pebbles to the grains and to make them cheaper, inert additives are introduced into the polymeric material.

7. A substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that mineral powder is used as inert additives.

8. The substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, for ease of use, metal plates are inserted inside the grains.

The invention relates to industrial fish farming, namely, devices for incubating the eggs and keeping the larvae of salmon fishes and artificial substrates used for this purpose, and may find application in the breeding of commercial fish under industrial conditions.

A device for incubating the roe and keeping the larvae of salmon fishes is known, consisting of a gutter or tray, in which stacks of frames with caviar 1 are set apart from one another.

A disadvantage of the known device is that water is supplied to the front end of the chute and it passes through all the stacks of caviar with direct current, which leads to a relatively large consumption of water.

In addition, the placement of caviar on the framework established by the stack leads to caviar disease - its defeat by saprolegnia, which causes a decrease in the larvae's output and requires additional labor for the selection of dead caviar and the treatment of the diseased disinfectant.

An artificial substrate is known for incubating the eggs and keeping the young fish. a turf made of artificial material.

The artificial substrate replaces the gravel in the incubation devices for infrared 2.

However, young fish, grown on artificial turf, and then released into the reservoir with gallinids should have some kind of

It is time to get used to new habitat conditions that may adversely affect its survival in natural conditions. Closest to the present invention is a device for incubating caviar and keeping salmon larvae, comprising a water tray, a body mounted in a tray, divided by vertical partitions into sections, and supporting horizontal plates of filtering material for the substrate, located in each section to form a cavity for water supply.

In this device, which operates on the principle of natural spawning nests, water constantly passes through the substrate with the eggs and larvae from the bottom upwards 3.

However, with such an organization of water flow, the larvae, moving towards the flow of water, gradually accumulate in the lower layers of the substrate, which can lead to the overlapping of the pores of the substrate in the water intake zone and the occurrence of the clogging situation.

This device is very difficult to handle caviar with disinfectants and removal of contaminants from the substrate, and loading and unloading the substrate from the tray requires a lot of time.

In addition, in the device, it is difficult to adjust the water supply and visually monitor its flow.

The purpose of the invention is to ensure uniform distribution of the larvae within

substrate and improved oxygen regime.

The goal is achieved by the fact that a device for incubating caviar and keeping salmon larvae, containing a water tray, a body mounted in a tray, divided by vertical partitions into sections, and supporting horizontal plates of filtering material for the substrate, located in each section forming a cavity for water supply, provided with pipelines for water supply, mounted in the housing above the level of filling with its substrate, and placed in the cavity with tubes with perforated sections for each projection equipped with nozzles for feeding and draining the water, equipped with locking rectifiers.

In addition, to ensure that the eggs are rinsed with a disinfectant solution and the soil is removed from the substrate, an additional pipe is installed on each water supply pipe with a pipeline to connect it to the pressure tank or pump for ease of maintenance, each section is equipped with a perforated substrate container.

To provide visual monitoring and control of water flow, the vertical partitions between the sections are made of separate elements, the upper part of which has a triangular cutout for water.

The closest to the present invention is an artificial substrate for incubating the eggs and keeping the fish larvae, consisting of pebble-like grains. This substrate, consisting of coarse and fines grains, is used to form artificial breeding grounds for fish, laying it in the form of panels in a pond 4.

However, in this substrate, the grains have a smooth surface, which reduces the number of eggs and larvae that can be placed in a certain volume of the substrate.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the number of eggs and larvae per unit volume of the substrate.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in an artificial substrate for incubating the eggs and keeping the larvae of fish, mainly salmon, consisting of grains like "pebbles, grains are made of polymeric material and provided with either through channels located along their AUCNs or grooves made on them outer surface with the possibility of mutual intersection.

In addition, inert additives are introduced into the polymer material to impart the properties of natural pebbles to the grains and make them cheaper; moreover, mineral powder is used as the latter, and metal plates are included inside the grains for ease of use of the substrate.

FIG. 1 shows the device, top view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. one; in fig. 4- substrate container, top view; in fig. 5 shows a section B-B in FIG. 4; in FIG. b- 9 - grain of artificial substrate of spherical shape with grooves on the surface; in fig. 10 - 12 - oval substrate grain

0 forms with grooves on the surface.

The device for incubating the eggs and keeping the larvae of salmon fishes consists of body 1, divided into sections 2 by partitions 3, supporting horizontal

5 plates 4 made of filtering material and installed in sections 2 to form a cavity 5 for supplying water, substrate 6 (natural pebbles or grains of artificial material) located in sections 2 on supporting plates 4, and

0 mounted in the cavity 5 tubes 7 with perforated sections for each section 2, while the tubes 7 are equipped with nozzles 8 with shut-off valves 9 for supplying WATER and nozzles 10 with locking

5 valves 11 for draining water. On each pipe. 8, an additional pipe 12 is installed with a valve 13, communicated via pipeline 14 by an inlet 15 to a pressure tank 16 (pipes 12 can be communicated through pipelines 14 and to a pump, which is not shown in the drawing). In addition, in the housing 1 above the level of filling with its substrate 6, pipelines 17 are mounted for water supply, equipped with valves 18.

Partitions 3 are made of separate

5 elements - Shandor 19, the top of which has a notch 20 of a triangular shape for draining water.

For ease of use, the substrate 6 is placed in perforated containers 21 (FIGS. 4 and 5), the number of which is equal to the number of sections 2 in the housing 1.

Each container 21 is equipped with load handling brackets 22 for ease of transport.

 The container 21 is installed in section 2 before laying the caviar so that its walls and bottom adjoin the walls and bottom of section 2. Case 1 is installed in tray 23 through which water passes.

The device works as follows

0 In the workshop containers (not shown), the substrate 6 and the fertilized eggs are transported separately along the outboard road of the fish-breeding workshop.

In section 2 of housing 1, a portion 5 of water is fed, a layer of substrate 6 is poured, and a portion of caviar is evenly poured, which is distributed in the pores of the substrate. Then the second and subsequent layers are laid until the working volume of section 2 is completely filled (taking into account the protective layer of the substrate located above). After that, other sections of housing 1 are similarly filled. For the convenience of unloading the substrate 6 from housing 1 after the fry slope, each section can be equipped with a perforated container 21, where the substrate with caviar is loaded. The working water flow rate is supplied to each section 2 after loading it with the E-plate and the substrate 6 through the tubes 7, the cavity 5 and the base plate 4 of filter material. After the water passes through the substrate 6 with the roe from the bottom up, it is discharged through the notch 20 into the lower sections Z of the housing 1 and then into the tray 23. During the maintenance of the caviar and deactivating the larvae as necessary, the i4 piping is connected through the i3 valves The pipes 12 and the disinfectant solution from the pressure tank 16 or the water for washing the substrate 6 are supplied to the housing 1, iipii the atom valves 9 on the pipes 8 are closed. For flushing, the substrate 6 can also admit water through the pipes 17, in which case the water is discharged through the forging sections of the pipes 7 and the pipes 10 with the valves P. open. The water supply from the top down through the pipes 17 and pipes 10 is used during the holding period the larvae to control their movement within the substrate 6, since the latter, after acquiring d) movement, gradually begin to move towards the flow of water and ultimately can accumulate in the lower part of the substrate 6, closing its pores in the water inlet zone, and calling amb thus constipation. Regular change in the direction of water flow during the period of such mobility of the supply AND ;; They are evenly distributed in the substrate 6. When the larvae emerge from the substrate 6 on its surface, the water level in sections 2 is increased by increasing the partitions 3. The youngsters' slope occurs and water flows through the cutouts 20 and it goes to tray 23 for further rearing. 3, the process of incubating and holding the larvae with the help of a ruler measures the flow of water through the notches 20 of the triangular headspace and thus controls the flow of water passing through section 2 along the way to the calculated flow of water. By raising or lowering the overshoot 19 with notch 20, reduce or increase the flow of water through the corresponding section. Regulation: The feed in large sizes, X., is carried out by valves 9 on the connections 8. In the device for laying and maintaining the cavities, a substrate is used which is a pebble or cylindrical grains are hollow inside, or an artificial substrate (Fig. 6 -12). The artificial substrate for incubating the roe and keeping the fish larvae consists of grains 24 of pebble-spherical (Fig. 6-9) or oval (Fig. 10-12) shape, made of polymeric materials such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene. To increase the porosity of the grain, 24 have either through channels 25 located along their axes (FIGS. B and 7), or F-26, made on their outer surface with the possibility of intersection (FIG. 8, Bones C and 12). For convenience of operation, plates 27 made of metal, such as steel, are located inside the grains 24, which makes it possible to load and unload the grains 24 using electromagnets, while for fastening the plates 27 and strengthening the strength of the grains 24 a wire frame 28 is provided. to the grains 24 of the properties of natural pebbles and their cheapening into the polymer; inert additives, for example, powders from minerals, are introduced into the material. The artificial substrate can be used for incubating the eggs and keeping the fish larvae both in the proposed device and in any other device of the same purpose, but of a different design, in which the incubation of the eggs should be carried out in the substrate. The artificial substrate can also be used independently for making artificial fish fish. When loading devices for incubating the eggs and keeping the fish larvae with the proposed artificial substrates, the grains 24 are filled in separate portions and flattened in layers in water. Fertilized caviar is poured with a flexible hose or manually (bucket m) into each layer separately with the same calculation so that most of the caviar gets into the artificial pores of the grains 24 (channels 25 or grooves 26) and less into natural pores between the grains 24. Then the water is poured into the device above the level of the grains 24 and create its flow with a working flow rate. Caviar, and then the larvae develop in the pores of the artificial substrate to a rolling state, when they rise to the surface of the substrate in clean water and roll with it into the water. We can further grow it. The delivery and removal of grains 24 from incubation devices in the presence of plates 27 of steel in them are produced by an electromagnet mounted on a hook of the lifting device of the fish-breeding workshop.

When using grains 24 without plates 27, operations with them are performed by other means of mechanization or manually.

The proposed device reduces water consumption by 1 million eggs or larvae and

increases the percentage of return of adult fish.

Increasing the porosity of the artificial substrate for incubating the eggs and keeping the larvae at the expense of the channels and furrows on the surface increases the number of eggs or larvae per unit volume of the substrate, providing better protection of the eggs and larvae from adverse effects.

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Claims (1)

AND HOLDING FISH LARVAS. 1. A device for incubating caviar and keeping salmon larvae containing a water tray, a housing installed in the tray, divided by vertical partition walls into sections, and horizontal support plates of filter material for the substrate, located in each section with the formation of a water supply cavity, characterized the fact that, in order to ensure uniform distribution of larvae inside the substrate and improve the oxygen regime, it is equipped with pipelines for supplying water mounted in a housing above a level filled its substrate, and tubes placed in the cavity with perforated sections for each section, equipped with nozzles for supplying and discharging water, equipped with shut-off valves.