SU1129524A1 - Compensation-type acceleration meter - Google Patents

Abstract

A COMPENSATION ACCELEROMETER containing an inertial element located in the gap between the deum: electromagnets, the windings of which are connected to the outputs of the amplifier-converting units, the position sensor of the inertial element connected to the input of the dynamic correction unit, the summation unit and the subtraction unit, the source of the reference signal, the display unit, induction sensors , whose sensitive elements are placed in the gaps between the inertial element and the corresponding electromagnet, two integrators and two circuits, In this case, one of the inputs of the comparison circuit is connected to the corresponding outputs of the summation unit and the subtraction unit, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of the integrators, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the amplifier-converter units, the second inputs of the comparison circuits are connected to the outputs of the corresponding induction sensors, that, in order to increase the accuracy and expand the range of measured accelerations, a controlled divider and an input amplifier, whose input is connected to the reference source, are introduced into it the signal, and the output to the second inputs of the summation unit and the subtraction unit, the first inputs of which are connected to the first input of the controlled amplifier j whose second output is connected to the display unit and to the control inputs of the controlled divider and controlled amplifier, and the input to the output of the block dynamic correction: Nd lib

Description

The invention relates to instrument engineering and is intended to measure acceleration.

A compensating accelerometer is known, which contains an inertial element, electromagnets installed on opposite sides of it, the windings of which are connected to the outputs of the corresponding amplifying and conversion units, the position sensor of the inertial element connected to the input of the dynamic correction unit, the summation unit and the subtraction unit, one of the inputs of which is connected to the source of the reference signal, the latter to the output of the dynamic correction unit, and the outputs to the inputs of the corresponding amplifying and conversion units shackles, and a display unit, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of amplifying-conversion units lj, In a known accelerometer, the acceleration proportional to the difference of electromagnetic forces compensating the inertial force is calculated from the difference of currents in the windings of electromagnets, but the difference of currents is nonlinearly connected with the difference of electromagnetic forces , moreover, the nonlinearity is due to the change in the gaps between the electromagnets and the inertial element, the presence of hysteresis in the magnetization of the magnetic cores and the inertial element, Niemi and temperature on the magnetic permeability magnytoprovodov that causes high acceleration measurement error.

Closest to the present invention is a compensation accelerometer containing an inertial element located in the gap between two electromagnets, the windings of which are connected to the outputs of the amplifier-converting units, the position sensor of the inertial element connected to the input of the dynamic correction unit, the summation unit and the subtraction unit, one of the inputs of which are connected to the source of the reference signal, others - to the output of the block of the 1st correction, indication and, induction sensors, sensitive elements oryh placed in the gaps between the inertial member and the respective electromagnet, the two integrator circuits and two comparison PIA, wherein one of the input circuits

The comparisons are connected to the corresponding outputs of the summation unit and the subtraction unit and to the inputs of the display unit, and the codes to the inputs of the integrators, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs (named after the inputs of the amplifier-conversion units, the second inputs of the comparison circuits fl.

The disadvantages of this compensation accelerometer are low accuracy and a narrow range of measured accelerations, due to the presence of two force-control arms in the gaps between the inertia element and electromagnets with different transmission coefficients. The relative maximum measurement accuracy of the acceleration measurement by this compensation accelerometer is determined from the expression

bk a,

u "ma, x k

(one)

where q and q is the maximum relative error in the measurement of acceleration;

. tl

- - relative error of the transmission coefficient of the shoulder of the compensation accelerometer; man maximum measurable

acceleration device; O - actually measured

acceleration device. Even with a relatively low error of the transmission coefficient of the compensation accelerometer arm (not more than 0.01%), the maximum acceleration measurement error is 0.02% and increases tenfold with each tenfold decrease in the value of the measured acceleration. In this case, the sensitivity threshold of the compensation accelerometer is easily determined. For example, with a maximum measured acceleration of 10, D g, the acceleration of the force of the earth's gravity, it will be 2 «10 rf, i.e. The range of measured accelerations is less than four orders of magnitude. By reducing the magnitude of the maximum measured acceleration, we can; but reduce the measured acceleration at the threshold of sensitivity, but the range of measured accelerations remains the same.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy and expand the range of measured accelerations.

The goal is achieved by the fact that, in a compensation accelerometer containing an inertial element located in the gap between two electromagnets, the windings of which are connected to the outputs of the amplification and conversion units, an inertial element position sensor connected to the input of the dynamic correction unit, a summation unit and a subtraction unit, reference signal source, display unit, induction sensors, sensitive elements of which are placed in the gaps between the inertial element and the corresponding electromagnet ohm, two integrators and two comparison circuits, one of the inputs of the comparison circuits connected to the corresponding outputs of the summation unit and the subtraction unit, and the outputs - d inputs of the integrators, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the amplifier-conversion units, the second inputs of the comparison circuits are connected to the outputs of the respective induction sensors, a controlled divider and a control amplifier are introduced, the input of which is connected to the reference system source and the output to the second inputs of the summation unit and the subtraction unit, first input is connected to a first input of a controllable amplifier, a second output of which is connected to the display unit and to the control inputs of controllable divider and controlled amplifier and the input - to the output di- unit.

Dynamic Correction.

The drawing shows a functional diagram of a compensation accelerometer.

The compensation accelerometer contains an inertial element 1 located in the gap between two electromagnets 2. The windings of which are connected to the outputs of the amplifier and conversion blocks 3, the position sensor 4 of the inertial element connected to the input of the dynamic correction unit 5, the summation unit 6 and the subtraction unit 7, the reference source signal 8, display unit 9, sensorInduction 10, sensitive elements 11 of which are placed in the gaps between the inertia element and

a corresponding electromagnet, two integrators 12, two comparison circuits 13, a controlled divider 14 and a controlled amplifier 15, and one of the inputs of the comparison circuits 13 are connected to the corresponding inputs of summation unit 6 and subtraction unit 7, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of integrators 12, whose outputs connected to the corresponding inputs of the amplifier-converter units 3, the second inputs of the comparison circuits 13 are connected to you, the inputs of the respective induction sensors 10, the input of the controlled divider 14 is connected to the reference signal source 8, and the output is the second inputs of summation unit 6 and subtraction unit 7, the first inputs of which are connected to the first output of controlled amplifier 15, the second output of controlled amplifier 15 are connected to display unit 9, to control inputs of controlled divider 14 and controlled amplifier 15, and input - to the output of the dynamic correction unit.

Compensation Accelerometer works as follows.

The acceleration acting on the tensor accelerator in accordance with Newton's laws and Maxwell's formula is expressed in terms of the difference in induction squares in the gaps between inertial element 1 and electromagnets 2:

a4 ° t6V8l), ((0, -., (. B, 2

where K is the transmission coefficient of the accelerometer arm;

m is the mass of the inertial element,

B-Induction in the gap between

an inertial element and a left electromagnet

B - induction in the gap between

an inertial element and a right electromagnet;

BQ is a certain induction value given by the source of the reference signal;

LV is the induction increment generated at the first output of the controlled amplifier.

If there is no acceleration., Then the inertial element 1 is in the middle position, relative to the electromagnets 2. Position sensor 4 generates a cool signal. The zero signal will be at the output of the dynamic correction unit 5, at both outputs of the controlled amplifier 15, at the input of the display unit 9, at the first inputs of the summation unit 6 and the subtraction unit 7. At the second inputs of the summation unit 6 and the subtraction unit 7, numerically equal to B-, from reference signal source 8 via controlled divider 14. Signal B is stored at the outputs of summation unit 6 and subtraction unit 7 and at the inputs of comparison circuits 13. Induction regulators, each of which includes an induction sensor 10 s sensitive element 11, the comparison circuit 13, the integrator 12, the amplifier-converter unit 3 and the electromagnet 2, are set equal to the induction in the gaps between the inertial element 1 and the electromagnets 2, therefore, the forces acting on the inertial element 1 by the electromagnets 2 are equal, the display unit will show zero acceleration. In the event of acceleration on the compensation accelerometer, the inertial element 1 is displaced relative to the electromagnets 2. The position sensor 4 generates a signal that the dynamic correction unit 5 and the pack equal to the amplifier is converted into a signal, numerically equal to dB, applied to the first inputs of summation unit 6 and subtraction unit 7. Summation unit 6 subtracts the sum of the induction BP h & B, and the subtraction block 7 - the difference between the inductions B. ..- The DBs that are applied to the comparison circuits 13. The induction regulators for-40 give induction in the gaps between inertial element 1 and electromagnets 2, equal to + and B and B - dB and, therefore, set the electromagnetic forces that compensate for the movement 45 of the inertial element. The acceleration acting on the compensation accelerometer is determined by the increment of the induction of the differential voltage, converted into the signal of the measured acceleration at the second output of the controlled amplifier 15, and is indicated by the display unit 9. When measuring accelerations close to the maximum, in the gaps between the inertial element 1 and 55 magnets with 2 inductions have a maximum range of variation from BP and B to BO + and the rigidity of the electromagnet of the inertia element of the accelerometer is maximum. Acceleration measurement error is determined by exaggeration (1). - If the measured acceleration decreases to one tenth of the maximum error of the instrument, it increases to 0.2%. The output from the second output of the controlled amplifier is reduced to 0.1 of the maximum. Let this signal, which is fed to the control inputs of the controlled divider 14 and the controlled amplifier 15, reduce the transmission coefficients of the controlled divider by 10 times, the controlled amplifier by the first output by 10 times, by the second output - by llO times. In this case, induction V. will decrease by a factor of time, the maximum deviation of the induction ВВ „,“ also / - | 11} {L% will decrease by CV –d | 10 times, and the rigidity of the electromagnetic compensation system for the displacement of the inertial element of the accelerometer will decrease 10 times. The signal at the second output of the controlled amplifier remains unchanged, but the error in the change in acceleration, as follows from expression (1), will decrease by a factor of 10, as it has decreased by 10, as a result of a decrease in the rigidity of the electromagnetic system for compensating the displacement of the inertial accelerometer element. Automatically reducing the coefficient of transfer of a controlled divider 14 and controlled amplifier 15 at the first output in the CTR times, and at the second output B 10 times with a tenfold decrease in the magnitude of the measured acceleration, the measurement error of the acceleration does not exceed 0.2%. If the transmission coefficients of the controlled divider 14 and the controlled amplifier 15 change continuously, depending on the magnitude of the measured acceleration. The rigidity of the electromagnetic system for compensating for the displacement of the inertia element of the accelerometer will change smoothly and the error from the acceleration rate will not exceed 0.02%. In this case, the sensitivity threshold of the compensation accelerometer will be determined by the growth of other components, their errors when the magnitude of the measured acceleration decreases, depending on the properties of the elements of the electromagnetic compensation of efforts, will be 1 SG - 1 (f), i.e. range of 11295248

the measured accelerations will increase to 8–10 orders of magnitude.

Thus, the invention increases the accuracy of measurement of accelerations and extends the range of measured

accelerations by controlling the rigidity of the electromagnetic system for compensating the accelerometer inerine element by a signal, which is proportional to the measured acceleration.

Claims (1)

COMPENSATION ACCELEROMETER, containing an inertial element located in the gap between two: electromagnets, the windings of which are connected to the outputs of the amplifier-converter blocks, an inertial element position sensor connected to the input of the dynamic correction unit, a summing and subtracting unit, a reference signal source, · an indication unit, sensors induction, the sensitive elements of which are placed in the gaps between the inertial element and the corresponding electromagnet, two integrators and two circuits, comparisons, We emphasize that one of the inputs of the comparison circuits is connected to the corresponding outputs of the summing unit and the subtraction unit, and the outputs are connected to the inputs of integrators, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of the amplifier-converter blocks, the second inputs of the comparison circuits are connected to the outputs of the corresponding induction sensors, characterized in that , in order to increase accuracy and expand the range of measured accelerations, a controlled divider and a controlled amplifier are introduced into it, the input of which is connected to the reference signal source, and the output d - to the second inputs of the summing unit and the subtraction unit, the first inputs of which are connected to the first input of the controlled amplifier j whose second output is connected to the display unit and to the control inputs of the controlled divider and the controlled amplifier, and the input to the output of the dynamic correction unit. >