SU1118757A1 - Method of working pits and reservoirs - Google Patents

Abstract

A METHOD FOR DEVELOPING KOTLOVANOV AND WATER, including excavation, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy costs and the possibility of developing development in hard-to-reach places, excavation is carried out by thermally insulating the soil that is not subject to excavation from the application, the application will not be subject to excavation, the application will be removed by heat insulating material, which is not subject to excavation. on it ice with the subsequent injection into the pit. water. oo ate

Description

The invention relates to techniques for the separation, lifting and transporting part of the soil (shore) in the pit and the reservoir, i.e. to the technique of their expansion, deepening (excavation), which is widely used in many industries and agriculture.

There is a known method of lifting sunken ships, which means that on a sunken ship a hole is covered by divers by a casing, then ice is blocked between the casing and the ship's hull. In return, the sunken ship injected gas and foam, which, acting on the water, there is water there, partially displaces it through the hatches opened by divers, and the rest of the water turns into porous ice, which has a large lifting force, lifting ship I .

However, this method requires a ship equipped with expensive special equipment (foam-gas, image installations, pipelines, supporting floats). In addition, it is difficult and dangerous to maintain, as it is necessary to carry out (zadraivanie) closing holes, subconnection of foam-gas pipelines with a sunken ship under water; highly qualified specialists (divers, machinists) are required; You need a large amount of energy for the preparation of gas, foam, delivery of these components to the sunken ship. Non-renewable fuel (gasoline, coal, gas) is used for energy production. Combustion leads to pollution of the environment.

This method is applicable only when there is a closed volume (in this case a ship's hold) and is not applicable in hard-to-reach places and for bulk materials.

The closest technical solution to the proposed method is the development of pits and reservoirs, including excavation 2.

The disadvantages of this method of development, pits and reservoirs with the help of excavators are significant energy and material costs, the known equipment works only in places easily accessible for passage and maneuverability during operation, which is not always possible to provide. When the excavator engines operate, the environment is polluted with exhaust gases, lubricants and irreplaceable fuel is consumed. The soil under development is crushed into rather small parts, which is not always advisable.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy costs and the possibility of carrying out the development of pits in hard-to-reach places.

This goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of developing pits and reservoirs, including excavation, excavation is carried out by insulating the soil, which is not subject to excavation, from the developed soil, freezing the developed soil and freezing ice on it, followed by injection of water into the excavation pit.

FIG. 1-4 shows the implementation of a method for developing pits and reservoirs.

FIG. I-4 has the following notation: developed soil 1; ice on the ground to be frozen on the console 2; heat insulating material 3; undeveloped soil 4; water. Pre-filling reservoir, 5; soil, ice and other parts of the pit not involved in the development of the pit 6.

The method of developing pits and reservoirs can be implemented as follows.

In order to reliably break as well as prevent the fracture of the developed soil 1 (Fig. 1), it is pre-moistened if the soil is dry and loose, then it is thermally insulated from the main body - undeveloped soil 4, for example, covered with reeds, grass, straw, etc. material or separated by mechanical methods (e.g. barmashina).

The area of the future ice canal 2 (Fig. 1) is insulated along the contour from the ground, water and other parts not involved in the development. Freeze the developed soil I (Fig. 1) to the required depth, turn into a monolith.

The ice cantilever 2 (Fig. 2) is frozen to the developed soil 1, the volume and outreach of which must be such that the force pushing the ice with the frozen developed soil 1 out of water exceeds the adhesion forces of the developed soil 1 (Fig. 3) to the ground. m not developed soil 4 plus the weight of the ice canal 2 with the developed soil being lifted, taking into account the force pushing it out of the water. All this frozen mass — the developed soil 1 with ice console 2 frozen to it — is flooded with water 5 (Fig. 3) to a depth greater than the height of the developed soil. those. pump water under the ice console. At the same time, the ice on the console 2, frozen to the developed soil 1 (Fig. 3), floats up, turns, tears the developed soil 1 from the undeveloped (basic) soil 4 and lifts it to the upper layers of water 5, thereby

development of coast, ditch or reservoir. In the raised position, the developed soil 1, frozen to the ice canal 2, is transported by water to the required place.

The proposed method of developing pits and reservoirs is applicable for land, loading and transshipment work in hard-to-reach places, as well as where it is required to carry out the separation, lifting and moving the soil of large arrays - large monolithic forms.

together with a hundred contents, and for the development of the separation of the banks of the rivers. The method is simple and safer to maintain, and therefore no highly qualified staff is required. In addition, natural low temperatures are used to freeze soil and ice in winter, and water from snow and snow is used to flood soil and ice, i.e. spring tala water. Therefore, the proposed method is cheaper known.

Claims (1)

METHOD OF DEVELOPING PITCHES AND WATER BODIES, including excavation, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption and the possibility of developing excavation pits in hard-to-reach places, excavation is carried out by thermal insulation of the soil, not subject to excavation, from the developed soil, freezing of the developed soil on it and freezing ice, followed by injection into the pit of water. Figure 1