SU1109611A1 - Device for checking quality and integrity of crackers - Google Patents

Abstract

THE DEVICE OF CONTROL OF QUANTITY AND INTEGRITY OF THE LIVER, containing a conveyor for moving the controlled liver with illuminators installed above it, photoreceivers located on the optical axis of the illuminators, a synchronization element and an actuator for resetting the defective liver, which, in order to improve accuracy, it is equipped with series-connected blocks of the pulse former, memory, analysis and recording, while the photodetectors are connected to one of the inputs of the former; Pulse outputs synchronization element associated with the other inputs of the block formers and inputs memory and analysis blocks with the last ztom output through the power amplifier is connected to the actuator (A reset mechanism defective liver, and the output of the unit - to the analysis unit.

Description

The invention is related to confectionery industry, namely to control equipment installed on a flow-mechanized line, producing cookies. A monitoring device is known that has two light sources holding two light sources and two C 1 photodetectors installed opposite them. The disadvantage of this device is the limited capabilities caused by the fact that it is not possible to control separately located on the product transporter, since the spaces between the controlled Ntii products are perceived as a product defect and, in addition, a signal about a defective product in this device is generated only when the signal 11 from both photosensors is received simultaneously, which corresponds to a defect on two Kah controlled product thus defect KOTOR11Y there is only one edge of the article, is not controlled. Thus, this device cannot be used to control piece goods transported by the conveyor. It is also known a liver control device on a production line that contains a conveyor for moving a controlled liver with illuminators installed, photoreceivers located on the optical axis of the illuminators, a chromate cell and an actuator for resetting a defective liver 2 J. The disadvantage of this device is low the reliability of the control, due to the fact that the control of the test is selective. The aim of the invention is increased accuracy. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for monitoring the quantity and integrity of the liver, containing a conveyor for moving the controlled liver with lights installed above it, photo-receiving (P (equipped with optical pox illuminators, a synchronization element and an actuator for resetting the defective liver, is equipped with A block for the pulse pulse, memory, analysis and recording modules are connected in series, the photo sensors are connected 12 to one of the inputs of the pulse generator, the outputs of the element with the synchronization is connected with other inputs of the formative block and the inputs of the memory and analysis, while the output of the latter through the power amplifier is connected to the actuator for resetting the defective liver, and the outputs of the former block are connected to the analysis unit. control the liver, automate the process of its rejection, receive information about the volume of output, the number of scrap, the degree of use of production capacity of boron satisfaction. Pa figure 1 shows a structural diagram of the device ko1trol, figure 2 - functional diagram of the block ana, chiza; FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of pulse shapers; in fig. 4 - a functional block diagram of the memory; FIG. 3 is a functional diagram of the synchronization element of FIG. 6 is a timing diagram of the output signals of the sync element. The control device (Fig. 1) contains a conveyor 1, equipped with cargo-bearing platforms 2, on which biscuits 3 are transported, illuminators 4 and 5, photo-receiving devices 6 and 7, block 8 of pulse formers, block 9 of memory, block 10 of analysis, element 11 synchronization, conveyor drive 12, power amplifier 13, actuator 14, registration unit 15 with counters 16-18, hopper 19 of defective items, bunker of 20 useful items. Cargo-carrying platforms are located one behind the other at the zinc distance. Their shape and size are such that one platform can transport only one cookie. All livers on the load carrying platforms occupy an identical position. The width of the load carrying platforms and conveyor is less than the width of the transported liver. . The integrity of the lateral edges of the transported liver is monitored by photoelectric sensors consisting of illuminators 4 and 5, such as light bulbs, and photo detectors 6 and 7, such as photodiodes with electrical signal amplifiers.

Illuminators are installed above the transported biscuits, and photodetectors are installed below it. Since the width of the load carrying platform is smaller than the width of the liver, there are gaps between the walls enclosing the conveyor and the carrying carrying platform and a light beam (in the absence of a liver on the load carrying platform) from illuminator 4 hits the photodetector 6, and the beam of light from illuminator 5 is on the photodetector 7.

In the case of the presence of a liver in the load carrying area, the light rays of the illuminators overlap and the photodetectors record the presence of lateral edges of the liver.

If the edge of the liver is solid, then the light beam from the illuminator overlaps and does not fall on the corresponding photodetector; in this case, the logical signal O is generated at the output of the latter.

If the edge of the liver is damaged, the Beam of light does not overlap and a logical 1 signal appears at the output of the corresponding photodetector. The signal from the photodetector 6 is fed to input 21, and the photodetector 7 to the input 22 of the pulse driver unit.

The functional diagram of the analysis block 10 (FIG. 2) contains AND-HE elements 23 and 24, HE elements 25 and 26, triggers 27-31, AND elements 32 and 33. The analysis block 10 generates signals about the passage of good or defective liver, the absence of the liver on the load carrying platform delays the signal about the defective biscuits by the time it takes to transport the liver to the reset position.

The functional block diagram of the pulse formers (Fig. 3) contains the HE elements 34 and 35, the AND-NOT elements 36-39 and the HE elements 40 and 41, the zero-state installation unit of the analysis block triggers consisting of series-connected resistors 42 and capacitance 43. The pulse forcing unit converts the signals from the photodetectors of the sensors for the presence of the lateral edges of the liver and the synchronization element into control signals for the memory blocks and the analysis unit.

generates a signal for the initial installation of the triggers of the analysis block.

Functional diagram of memory block 9 (Fig. 4) contains triggers.

44-47.

A memory block captures information about the state of the edges of the controlled liver.

Functional diagram of the element t1. The synchronization (Fig. 5) contains illuminators 48-50, on the optical axis of which there are photosensors 51-53, a code disk 54 mechanically connected to the actuator 12.

During one revolution of the code disk, each cargo carrier moves the platform by a distance equal to the distance between the cargo carrying platforms. On the surface of the code disk there are concentric slots 55-57.

The length of the slot 55 is chosen equal to the length of the whole liver, the length of the slot 56 is longer than the length of the whole liver, and the length of the slot 57 is less

5 lengths of the whole liver.

The code disk is fixed on the axis in such a way that at the moment the light beam from the illuminator 49 passes through the beginning of the slot 55, the whole

0 A cookie lying on the load carrying platform, with its front face, will cross the rays of light of the illuminators 4 and 5, i.e. will take the position of control.

5 The cuts in the code disk are shifted relative to each other in such a way that the time shifts between the output signals of the photoelectric driver of the I1 – I synchro pulses correspond to the time diagram (Fig. 6).

The control device works as follows.

At the moment of supplying power to the control device from the output 58 of the pulse generator, an initial setup pulse is applied to the input 59 of the analysis unit. The triggers 27-31 of the analysis block are set to the states characterized by the logic level - O.

In the initial state of gruzonsutda site is in front of the photodetectors 6 and 7. At the same time

55, the disk of the synchronization element 11 overlaps the rays of light from the illuminators 48-50 and from its outputs 60-62 to the inputs 63-66, respectively, the pulse generator unit 8, the 9th unit and the analysis unit 10 are given signals with a logic level O, Triggers 44- 47 blocks 9 of the memory are set 9 initial states, characterized by the level of the logical signal O. The control unit operates cyclically. The duration of the cycle is equal to the times of one revolution of the code disk. The beginning of the cycle coincides with the time of the formation of the leading edge of the pulse I1. The state of the edges of the liver is controlled during the control time equal to the length of the pulse I1. At the same time, at the output 61 of the synchronization element 11 and at the input 63 of the pulse shaper unit connected to it, a logical 1 signal is set which, acting on the second inputs of the AND-NOT elements 36-39, allows the input of information to be sent to the inputs 21 and 22. At the same time With this, the signal of logical 1 is set at input 65 of the memory unit and enables recording into the triggers 44-47 information received from the outputs 67-70 of the pulse shaper unit, respectively, at the inputs 71-74 of the memory unit. The moment of formation of the posterior edge of the pulse I2 coincides with the moment of time when the edge of the controlled liver, in the direction of movement, leaves the control position. In this case, the signal arriving from the output 60 of the synchronization element 11 to the input 64 of the pulse shaper unit is inverted by the HE 40 element and from the output 75 of the block of the pulse shaper arrives at the input 76 of the engine block. Information about the state of the lateral edges of the liver is recorded on the output triggers 27-29 of the block analysis. At the moment of formation of the back edge of the pulse I1 at the input 63 of the pulse shaper unit, a logical O signal is set, which prohibits the input of information arriving at inputs 21 and 22. At the same time, the logical O signal is set at input 65 of the memory unit, triggers 44 -47 returns to its original state by preparing the device for the next and: needle. When this device operates as follows. Example 1. Whole biscuits are subjected to control. Rays of light illuminators blocked by the side edges of the product. Logical signals O are installed at inputs 21 and 22 of the pulse formers unit. They are fed to the first inputs of the AND-HE elements 36 and 37 and to the inputs of the HE elements 34 and 35. The signals t are set at the outputs of these elements. From the output of the element NOT 34, the signal 1 is fed to the first input of the element AND-NOT 38. From the output of the element NOT 35, the signal 1 is fed to the first input of the element AND-NOT 39. At outputs 77-80 of the memory block and at inputs 81-84 of the analysis unit respectively, a combination of logical signals 1, 1, O, O will be set. At the output of the element IS-HAN 23, a logical O is fed to the input of the element NOT 25 and to the first input of the element 32. At the output of the element NOT 25, logical 1 is established and at the output element AND 32 logical O. At the output of the element AND-24 is set to logical 1, which comes to and the input element HE is 26 and sets at its output a logical O. B the moment of the formation of the back edge of the pulse I2, information is recorded in the trigger 27-29. Logic 1 is formed at the output 85 of the analysis block, and logical O is formed at the outputs 86 and 87. These signals are fed to the inputs 88-90 of the recording block, respectively. A counter of 16 valid items of the registration unit records the passage of the whole liver. Example 2. During the control cycle there are no livers on the load carrying area. The rays of light of the illuminators 4 and 5 fall on the photodetectors 6 and 7. At the inputs 21 and 22 of the pulse shaper unit, logical signals 1 are set, which are fed to the first inputs of the AND-NOT elements 36 and 37 and to the inputs of the HE elements 34 and 35. At the output of the elements NOT 34 and 35 and, respectively, at the first inputs of the elements AND-HE 38 39 a logical signal O is set. At the output of the elements AND-NE 7 38 and 39 a logical signal 1 is set. At the outputs 77-80 of the memory block and at the inputs 81-84 of the block analysis, the combination of logical elements is set accordingly. About Mfilt II h III It , I, I. The output of the element IS-NOT 23 is logical 1, which is fed to the input of element NO 25 and to the first input of element 32. At the output of element H 25 is logical O. At the output of element IS-NOT 24, a logical O arrives at the input of element NO 2 and the second input of the element is 32, the output of the element is NOT 26 logical 1, and the output of the element 32 is logical o. At the moment of formation of the falling front, information is recorded in the triggers 27-29. A signal is formed at the output 85 of the analysis unit, at the output 86 - lo 1, and at the output 87 - logical O. These signals are fed to the inputs 88-90, respectively, of the recording unit. Counter 17 empty areas of the registration unit registers the passage of an empty area. Example 3. A cookie that has a defect (crack, crack, short edge) on the right edge is subjected to control. The light beam of the illuminator 5 is blocked by the whole edge of the liver. A logic signal O is applied at the input 22 of the pulse shaper unit and fed to the first input of the AND-NOT element 37 and the input of the HE element 35. The output of the HE element 35 and the output 68 of the block of 8 formers pulse signal is set to logic 1. At output 70 of block 8 of pulse shapers, a logical signal O is applied, which is fed to input 74 of memory block, written to trigger 47. Output 80 of memory block 9 sets signal O. At the time when the region In an edge, a liver having a defect reaches the control position, a beam of light from illuminator 4 hits the photodetector 6. At input 21 of the pulse shaper unit, a logical 1 signal is generated, which is fed to the first input of the AND-NOT element 36 and the input of the HE element 34. The output of the 18th element HE 34 does NOT establish a logical O signal, which is fed to the first input of the element IS-NOT 38. The output 69 of the pulse shapers produces a logical 1 signal, and the output 67 of the logical O, which, at the input 71 of the memory block, recorded in trigger p 44. At the output 77 of the memory block, a logical O signal is established. Thus, by the time of the formation of the falling edge of the I2 pulse, at the outputs 77-80 of the memory block, respectively, a combination of logical signals will be installed at the inputs 81-84 of the analysis block 1, At the output of the element AND-NO 23 and at the output of the element AND-NO 24, the signals of logical 1 are set, which are fed to the inputs of the elements HE 25 and 26 and to the inputs of the element 32. At the output of the element HE 25 and 26 a logical signal O is set. , and the output element And 32 - a logical signal 1. At the time of formation Omani of the trailing edge of the pulse I2 is recording information in the trigger 27-29. A logical O signal is generated at outputs 85 and 86 of the analysis unit 10, and a logical signal 1 is output at output 87. The counter 18 of the defective items of the registration unit 15 records the passage of the defective liver. If a cookie with a defect on the left edge is monitored, at the inputs 81-84 of the analysis block, a combination of logical signals O, 1, O, 1 is set, respectively. If the cookie with defects on both edges is checked, at inputs 81-84 . The analysis unit is set accordingly to a combination of logical signals O, O, O, O. Next, the monitoring device operates in a similar way. The time delay required to transport a defective liver to the operating area of the reset actuator is carried out by a shift register implemented on triggers 30 and 31. Information about defective cookies in the register is shifted synchronously with the movement of the load areas. The shift pulses are supplied from the output 91 of the pulse shaper unit 8 per pulse 92 of the analysis unit at the time of the formation of the back edge of the pulses I1. Thus, at the moment of time when the defective cookie is within the range of the reset actuator, a logical signal 1 is generated at the first input of the element 33. At the time of forming the leading edge of the pulse OF from the output 93 of the analysis unit, a signal of logical 1 is generated, which is amplified by the power amplifier and is supplied to the reset actuator 14. The latter triggers and the defective cookie drops the defective items into the bunker. The predicted device allows detecting defective livers on a moving conveyor, automatically discarding them, obtaining operational information about the volume of dragged products, the quantity of waste, the degree of utilization of the production capacity of the equipment (number of empty conveyor platforms). The implementation of the proposed control device allows to automate the process of rejection of the liver, which ensures uninterrupted operation of the sponge-wrapping machines, as well as improving the accuracy due to the fact that it provides, in comparison with the known device, where only selective control is carried out, 100% control is carried out. The economic efficiency from the implementation of the proposed device is 3.37 thousand rubles per year.

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Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A QUANTITY AND INTEGRITY OF COOKIES, containing a conveyor for moving a controlled cookie with illuminators mounted above it, photodetectors located on the optical axis of the illuminators, a synchronization element and an actuating mechanism for dumping a defective cookie, characterized in that, in order to improve accuracy, it is equipped with series-connected blocks of the pulse shaper, memory, analysis and registration, while the photodetectors are connected to one of the inputs of the block of the pulse shaper, Exit member associated with the other synchronization input of the input unit and the storage unit and analyzes the output of the latter via a power amplifier connected to the actuator reset defective biscuits, and outputs the block generator - to analysis unit. FIG. f SU „., 1109611 1 10961 1