SU1103918A1 - Arrangement for wet drawing of metal - Google Patents

Abstract

A DEVICE FOR THE METAL DEFINING METAL, containing a bath filled with a working medium in which at least one portage is located, is distinguished by the fact that, in order to increase the productivity of the process and expand the assortment of processed products by increasing the plasticity of the metal being processed, the device is equipped with electrodes located in the bath on both sides of the portage, with the cathode located before the portage, the anode behind it, the portage is made of non-electric conductive material, and contains working medium as the working medium zku-. electrolyte..5

Description

ABOUT

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, namely to the wet drawing of a metal. A device for dragging products is known, which includes a fiber installed in a fiber holder and a container for lubrication placed in front of it. 13 The known device does not allow drawing with large one-time deformations due to the hardening of the kneading in the deformation process. A device for drawing containing fiber is also known. placed in a detachable aluminum casing with heat pipes placed in it, a heating element and thermo-eluting gaskets 2. This device allows thermostating the deformation zone uu and thereby improve single strain. However, the use of a thermostatic attachment complicates the design and requires high energy consumption. The closest to the invention in terms of technical sufficiency and achieved result is a device for wet metal drawing, containing a bath filled with a working medium in which at least one portage Z is located. A disadvantage of the known device is low single deformation due to hardening of the metal in the deformation process that is especially important for non-ferrous metals and alloys, as well as high-alloyed and precision steel grades. Next This is due to the low productivity of the device and the limited assortment of processing of the workpieces. Extremely thin-walled pipes, complex profiles and microwires. It is practically impossible to obtain on a known device due to breaks due to the low ductility of the material of the workpiece. The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of the process and expand the range of processed products by increasing the plasticity of the metal being processed. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device for wet drawing of metal, containing a bath filled with a working medium in which at least is equipped, is equipped with electrodes located in the bath on both sides of the die, and the cathode is located before the die, the anode is behind it; the portage is made of an electrically non-conducting material, and as a working medium it contains a lubricant. The location of the cathode in front of the die allows anodic polarization of the metal to the potential of active dissolution, which contributes to the dislocation on the metal surface, as a result of which the metal weakens. This allows one to increase one-time deformations and reduce dragging forces. Figure 1 shows the proposed device; FIG. 2 shows the dependence of the magnitude of the pull force P on the metal potential H (curve 1 and the dependence of the current density of the anodic dissolution i on the metal potential H (curve 2), for example, when unbraked drawing pipes made of steel Х18Н10Т along the route 0 8, ОХО, 5,5УО, 65 mm The device contains a bath 1, in which a portage 2 is placed, made of an electrically non-conductive material, for example, a cermet grade CM-332. In the bath 1 electrodes are placed, and the cathode 3 is placed in the bath 1 before the die, the anode 4 is behind it, and as a working medium, fill the kidney Her bath 1 uses an electrolyte lubricant, for example, the composition: sulfuric acid, glycerin, ammonium fluoride bifluoride.The cathode 3 and the anode 4 are connected via an ammeter 5 and a rheostat b to a DC source 7. The device works as follows. (e.g., pipe) is pulled through fiber 2 and electrodes 3 and 4 from a DC source 7 through a rheostat 6 and an ammeter 5, which supplies a potential for active dissolution on the surface of the workpiece. The circuit from cathode 3 to anode 4 is interconnected through lubricant-electrolyte and the workpiece-tube 8. The surface of the pipe is charged positively (anode) near the cathodes and negatively (cathode) near the anodes. Due to the polarization on the surface areas of the workpiece, the tube 8 of the anodic and cathodic regions, when drawing at the metal-electrolyte interface, proceeds by electrode processes. At the anode 4, the dissolution of the metal and the release of oxygen or the formation of oxides occur. At the cathode 3 npo, hydrogen is released, the deposition of metals or salts. Under the conditions of the active dissolution of the metal, when the area of electrode potentials H is, for example, 00, 2 V, the flow of direct current in the anode section (section AB in curve 2, Fig.2) causes the metal to soften and step-by-step dragging decreases. This allows one to increase the single deformation of the metal being processed and thereby increase the productivity of the process, as well as to carry out drawing without breaks of non-plastic materials. When, 2 V dragging is unstable, metal sticking to the tool is noted.

Example. The proposed device was tested in experimental-industrial drawing of pipes: from steel Х188Н10Т along the route 08.0X0.65-0 5, ..., 65 mm (drawing without correction; on steel Х18Н10Т along the route

08,0 X 0,65 - 0 4,5) (0,65 mm; from titanium alloy VT-1 along the route 0 8, Ox1, 6.5x1.0 mm dragging without shifting); a rod of bronze mark Br05TS6S5 along the route 0 8.0- 07.2 mm; bar from ShKh-15 steel along the route 012, 10.5 mm at a drawing speed of 20 m / min. The modes of drawing are given in table 1.

Table 1

Measurement of the electrode potential of the treated section of the pipe and rod is carried out with the help of a portable chlorine-silver reference electrode when immersed in it. the anodic section of the metal and the cathode voltmeter (not shown. The current is regulated galvanostatically or potentiostatically, setting and maintaining the electrode potential of the positively charged section of pipe or rod using a potentiostat of type P-5848. Volok is used from the mineral-ceramic material CM-332.

The effectiveness of the proposed device in comparison with the known, judged by the following indicators:

Pipe from steel H18N10T. Route 0 8, OXO, 5.5X0.65 mm (dragging without alignment)

traction effort drawing, characterizing the degree of metal softening (pulling force, tn, is determined using resistance strain gauges

5 of type 2PK5-10-100, strain gauge station and TA-5 and oscilloscope H-700), by the number of pipe breaks, p1- ducks, in%, also characterize metal softening (pipe breaks, rods are observed visually).

: In addition, the quality of the outer surface of the pipes (rods) is visually determined for the absence of scuffing and scratches.

five

The results of comparative tests of the proposed and known devices are given in table 2.

table 2

The number of processed pipes, m

Number of pipes rejected on risks and teasers,%

Number of breaks

0.64

0.8

T govoy effort, tn

The range of processed

PP products

2 Steel pipe Х18Н10Т. Route 0 8.0X0, 4.5X0.65 mm

Pipe made of titanium alloy VT-1. Route 0 8.0X1.0-, 5x1.0 mm (dragging without trimming)

Bar from bronze of mark of BroZTSbZS. Route 8, 2 mm

Thus, the proposed device, as compared with the known one, allows, by increasing one-time deformations, to intensify the process of drawing by 10–20% and expand the litter. Continuation of table 2

Dragging results when using the device

Offered by the Famous Go

ZOO 50 0.33 50

0.82 50

20

ten

80 20 6 0,71

0.8 30

thirty

,

10 50

tame of processed products and metal, and especially metal with a very hardened surface, for example, microwires of complex profiles and thin-walled pipes.

Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR MOKPOFO METAL DRAWING, containing a bath filled with a working medium, in which at least one die is located, a melting agent and tea. Moreover, in order to increase the productivity of the process and expand the assortment of processed products by increasing the ductility of the processed metal, the device is equipped with electrodes located in the bath on both sides of the die, the cathode is located up to the die, the anode behind it, the die is made of non-conductive material, and contains a lubricant as a working medium Olite. g