SU1093235A3 - Method for breeding salmon family fish and apparatus for fish breeding - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A method of growing fish of the salmon family, providing for their keeping in a pool with running water, feeding and installing a screen to create a darkened area under it, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of growing, a darkened area is created in the central part of the pool. the gap formed between the darkened zone and the walls of the pool is illuminated, while feeding is made into the peripheral gap. (Y)

Description

2. The method according to claim 1, about tl and h and rani and the fact that the pool is illuminated during the 2A-hour period.

3. A device for growing fish of a predominantly salmon family, containing a basin with nozzles for feeding and draining water, a light source

and a cover-screen with a hole in the central part to create a darkened area in the pool, characterized in that the cover-screen is installed in the central part of the pool so as to contact the surface of the water in order to prevent light from under it and forms a gap with the pool walls that serves to feed.

4. The device according to claim 3, that is, that the cover-screen has the shape of a bowl ji installed

in the pool open side down so that its peripheral edge is immersed in water.

5.Arrangement on PP. 3 and 4, differing in that the shielding screen has the shape of a bowl and is placed in the pool with the open side down. with the formation of an air cushion between its bottom and the surface of the water in the pool.

6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cap-screen has the shape of a bowl and is installed in the pool with the open side up, while the edges of the cap are tilted inward to prevent the fish from jumping out.

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The invention relates to fish farming, in particular to a method and device for growing fish, and can be used in fish factories that carry out artificial breeding of fish of the salmon family.

There is a method of growing fish of the salmon family, providing for their maintenance in swimming pools with running water and feeding them with artificial feeds of Cl 5.

It is also known a device for growing fish, which is a pool with nozzles for feeding and draining water Cl 3

However, the well-known method and device do not provide efficient fish farming at low cost to large sizes, at which it can be released into natural water bodies for subsequent normal growth.

The closest to the proposed technical essence is the method of growing fish of the salmon family, providing for their keeping in a pool with running water, feeding feed and installing a screen to create a silted C23 zone under it.

However, this method does not provide the obtained accelerated growth of fish, because under the screen there is no completely reinforced zone where the fish can rest, moving freely into the illuminated feeding zone.

5 Closest to the present invention is a device for growing fish, comprising a basin with nozzles for feeding and draining water, a light source and a cover-screen with an opening

0 in the central part to create a darkened part of Cz 3 in the basin.

However, this device, in which the krška-screen is located above the surface of the water, makes it impossible to create in the pool a clearly separated completely darkened recreation area and an illuminated area serving as a fish feeding dp, as a result of which it is not possible to eliminate stress situations. and ensure its effective growth.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of growing fish. The goal is achieved

 according to the method of growing fish of the salmon family, providing for their keeping in the pool with running water, supplying the feed and installing a screen to create under

30 of them are darkened, they are created in the central part of the basin, and the peripheral gap formed between the darkened zone and the walls of the basin is illuminated, while feeding is made into the peripheral gap. In addition, it is advisable to cover the pool within a 24-hour period. . The goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for growing fish, mainly the salmon family, containing a pool with water supply, drainage source, light source and lid screen with an opening in the central part to create a darkened pool area the central part of the basin so that it contacts the surface of the water to prevent light from under it and forms a gap with the pool walls, which serves to feed. In addition, the screen lid is shaped like a bowl and is installed in the pool with the open side down so that its peripheral edge is submerged in water. The lid-screen has the shape of a bowl and is placed in the basin with the open side downward with the formation of an air flow between its bottom and the surface of the water in the basin. The cover-screen has the shape of a bowl and is installed in the pool with the open side up, while the edges of the cover are inclined inward to prevent the fish from jumping out. The method of growing fish of the salmon family is carried out as follows. Salmon fishes are placed in the pool at an accurate landing and create water circulation to ensure their normal life, while in the central part of the pool they create a darkened area that fills most of the basin area, in which the fish can remain in the dark, the area and walls of the pool are illuminated so that the fish can visually find the feed fed to this gap. Illumination of the basin can be carried out for 24 hours. This method can be used for growing and maintaining other objects inhabiting the aquatic environment. When creating the proposed method, in the spiral part of the pool of a vast area completely protected from all external light, the aggressiveness of the fish decreases, as well as the deformity and damage to the eyes, usually takes place at high planting densities, which makes it possible to increase it by 50% compared to the density of planting fish in the pools, in which there is no such a protected from the light area. The method also allows to provide. a high level of fish feeding, which leads to a faster growth rate of many young salmon even in cold water during the winter months. Figure 1 shows the proposed device, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 and 3 are embodiments of a cover-screen. The device for growing fish consists of a basin 1, in the central part of which there is a lid and screen 2, while the pool 1 has a nozzle 3 for supplying water, a nozzle 4 for draining water and a central strainer 5, which can be cylindrical in shape dp to avoid clogging cleansing. The cover-screen 2 is made with a hole 6 in the central part and is installed in the pool 1 so that it is in contact with the water surface, while this contains zone A, which is completely protected from all external light — direct, indirect, rejected. Above the pool 1, a light source 7 is installed, illuminating the peripheral gap between the edges of the cover-screen 2 and the walls of the pool 1. The cover-screen 2 is made in the form of a bowl made of an opaque material, such as fiberglass, and can be installed like this (see Fig. 1) that its downward peripheral edge 8 is submerged in water, and an air cushion 9 is created between its bottom and the surface of the water in the pool. The presence of an air cushion 9 prevents contact with water, which could otherwise fall on the bottom surface of the crack-screen 2, and requires periodic one of its removal. In the case of the use of a cover-screen 2 made as shown in Fig. 1, even when the fish is densely populated by the pool, the latter remains completely safe in zone A.

The light source 7 illuminates a portion of the surface of the water in the pool 1, lying outside the key-screen 2 and representing an annular peripheral gap 10 between the screen-screen 2 and the wall of the pool 1, as well as a zone 11 lying under the hole 6 in the cover-screen 2 .

An annular peripheral gap 10 and zone 11 are formed in order to allow the fish to quickly move radially outwards or inwards from zone A, to grab the feed and return to the safe, darkened zone A under the shielding screen 2.

Food for fish can be periodically supplied to the circumferential peripheral gap 10 or to zone 11 (if desired) automatically, for example using a damper operated by a solenoid (not shown), and the feed can be kept on the surface of the water as it circulates in the annular gap 10 as a result of the increased surface tension created by the contact of the screen 2 with water,

The shield-screen 2 can be held in an outward position using racks or wires (not shown).

In order to prevent the fish from jumping onto the upper part of the screen-screen 2, its edge 8 may be inclined inward as shown in Fig. 2, which facilitates the ingress of the fish back to the pool 1.

In the embodiment of the cover-screen 2 shown in FIG. 2, the latter is made in the form of a cup, inside which there is water to ensure the survival of those fish that still fall on the surface of the screen-screen when jumping; In the embodiment proposed in FIG. 3, the cap-screen 2 has a somewhat concave shape and is suitable

for large pools

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The desired results can be achieved by placing the screen 2 as in pool 1 water, as shown in FIG. 1, and installing it in other types of fish-growing structures — in cages, in salt-water pools, etc.

Jumping out of fish can be prevented by mounting over an annular peripheral gap 10 and zone 11

Caps of transparent material, such as polystyrene (not shown).

These covers, when equipped with a screen 2 screen, also contribute to creating a calm environment and isolating pool 1 from the surrounding environment,

If necessary, a cover for inspection (not shown) may be provided in the screen 2.

The bottom of the basin 1 and its side walls can be painted a light color, for example pale greens. In this case, the feeding zones become more important for fish,

The removal of fish in the device is carried out as follows.

Juvenile salmon are placed in pools and kept in them when feeding and lighting with a light source | 7 of an annular peripheral gap 10 and zone 11, where fish exit from zone A to take food.

The presence of the darkened area A creates conditions for the rest of the fish, excludes the occurrence of stressful situations, which favorably affects the general state of the organism of the fish, their growth and development. When carrying out the cultivation, young salmon young about 5 cm in size were taken from the same parents. The salmon were kept in groups of three thousand individuals in the basins of the proposed structure and in ordinary basins.

It has been established that more than 70% of the individuals contained in the pool equipped with a large screen grew to a size of more than 8 cm during the four-month period in summer and autumn, and in conventional pools of the same size only 10% of the individuals reached the same size.

When grown for two winter months at an average temperature of unheated water of 6-5 ° C in a bassein with a lid-screen illuminated continuously for 24 hours with artificial light, and in a pool illuminated during the day with normal light and devoid of screen shade , it was established that the number of young fish that have reached a length of 7 cm in pools with a large screen is 2 times more than in the control pool.

The salmon fry were also reared in the pools, the bottom of which had a dark color and under the same conditions in the pools, provided with a lid-screen and 24-hour lighting, as well as in the same pools, but with a bottom painted in a light color ( pale green). Growth results showed that the number of young fish reaches a length of more than 7 cm in pools with a lid-screen and with a bottom painted in a light color, 2-3 times more than in a pool with a shallow screen and with 24-hour lighting and almost six times more the number of young salmon of the same size contained in the dark-bottom pool with natural light. In addition, most of the salmon in the Krszhoy-screen pools had a length of 10 cm, which the young did not have in a conventional pool. During tests conducted during the coldest months (December and January) without heating the water at its average temperature, slightly above the freezing temperature (0.5 ° C7, in the usual pool with daylight, no young growth was detected while in the Krish-screen basins and with 24-hour light, a slow but continued growth of the young was observed, with the largest instances reaching length from mid-November 11. During the six-month extension period - the beginning of the summer) all young e salmon (more than 20 thousand individuals) in pools equipped with a roof-screen, with an average temperature of 3 cm, which allowed them to reach the silver salmon stage 1.5 months earlier than during any period known in fish farming. swimming pools with a Krishka screen in a room with continuous fluorescent lighting and growing from the end of December to the last numbers of 100% of the fish acquired a silver color (to 25 mA) with an average length of fish J3.5 cm and an average weight of 26 g. These results reached 2 months earlier than other Well-known methods. The test results show that if silver salmon are used in pools with a crush-screen in unheated water, there are no problems with temperature acclimatization of salmon when released into the sea or into marine basins with lower water temperatures, and in this case salmon has a 6ojiee rapid growth. It was established that the young fish transported to the pools with sea water from the proposed pools, more than doubled their weight (average weight 56 g) in one month (the end of the month - the end of June), while the fish from the other (control) lot reached masses total 47g. The same results were obtained when salmon fry were developed in freshwater. Thus, the proposed method and device provide such advantages (compared to conventional pools with daylight) as an increase in fish mass by 25%, losing salmon fry at high density without aggressive or disturbing actions and without injury. a shorter period of time, with the result that mature fish can be put on the market at an earlier time of year, and reducing the cost of over-fishing by that. that when boasting in accordance with the image, there is no need for equipment to heat water. In addition, by controlling the degree of illumination, the invention makes it possible to control the growth of young salmon, allowing it to slow down or speed up and thus regulate the time and full development of the young silver Salmon. The invention can be used to the fullest to grow other salmon fish, including lake and brook trout, as well as for attaching other fish species with similar or corresponding numbers of development, such as eels, and for growing crustaceans and other water bodies.

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Claims (6)

METHOD FOR GROWING FISH OF THE SALMON FAMILY AND A DEVICE FOR GROWING FISH. (57) 1. A method of growing fish of the salmon family, providing for their maintenance in a pool with running water, feeding the feed and installing a screen to create a darkened area under it, characterized in that, p. In order to increase the efficiency of cultivation, a darkened zone is created in the central part of the pool, and the peripheral gap formed between the darkened zone and the walls of the pool is illuminated, while feed is supplied to the peripheral gap. > 2. The method according to π. 1, a t l h and a Yu-u and d with me so that the pool cover _hours over a 24-hour period. 3. A device for growing fish, mainly the salmon family, containing a pool with nozzles for supplying and draining water, a light source And the lid-screen with a hole in the central part to create a darkened zone in the pool, characterized in that, in order to increase the cultivation efficiency, the lid-screen is installed in the central part of the pool so that it contacts the surface of the water to prevent light from coming under it and forms a gap with the walls of the pool, which serves to feed the feed. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the lid-screen has the shape of a bowl μ installed in the pool with the open side down so that its peripheral edge is immersed in water. 5. The device according to paragraphs. 3 and 4, characterized in that the lid-screen has the shape of a bowl and is placed in the pool with the open side down. * with the formation of an air cushion between its bottom and the surface of the water in the pool. 6. The device according to p. 3, characterized in that the lid-screen has the shape of a bowl and is installed in the pool with the open side up, while the edges of the lid are tilted inward to prevent fish from jumping out.