SU1075372A1 - Divider-summer - Google Patents

Abstract

A DIVIDING AND SUMMATING DEVICE, containing, respectively, an N-channel power divider and an N-channel power adder, where N 2, P is an integer; made in the form of a binary connection (N-1) of directional couplers loaded on 2x (Nl) ballast resistors and a load, while the outputs of the N-channel power splitter and the inputs of the N-channel power adder are connected via amplifiers, and the load is connected to the output H -channel power combiner, wherein the input of the N-channel power divider is an input to a splitter combining device, characterized in that, in order to expand the range of operating frequencies by reducing the dephasing loss of signals to its boundary Each directional coupler is made asymmetrical at the connected, primary and secondary lines and strongly connected and weakly connected areas at the ends, while the strongly connected end of the primary line and the weakly connected end of the secondary line are the inputs of the directional coupler, and the strongly connected end ( the secondary line and the loosely coupled end of the primary line - by its outputs / - whereby the ballast resistors are connected to the weakly connected ends of the secondary lines, and the input of the N-channel power divider and the output of the I-channel su Matora power are silnosv associated ends of the primary lines respectively stvugSchih directional couplers. / f 7 9 I I / t

Description

The invention relates to radio engineering and can be used for dividing or adding broadband signals in the microwave range, for example, in microwave band amplifiers built on the modular principle of power expansion.

A multiple separator is known - a summing device whose divider and adder are made as a chain connection of quadrature directional couplers whose transitional attenuation is chosen equal to 10 Eg (t), ... H, where m is the channel number of the device, starting from, and the first channel of the device is formed by the free output of the coupler with the Number, while the transient attenuation is: BD (); l, 77 dB () 6.02 dB () - etc. The overlap ratio of the operating frequency of the splitter-summing device is limited by the uneven division of power at the outputs of the divider and, at a non-uniformity value of +0.5 dB, is 10-channel times the split-spacing device 1.5 1.

A disadvantage of this device is the narrow frequency range.

It is also known that a multichannel splitter-summing device, made according to the binary connection scheme of a quarter wavelength of the ответ taps on connected lines, in which the transitional attenuation of the taps is different and is chosen so that unequal power {epHocTb dividing the power in the channels would be maximal if equal levels of the highest values in a given frequency band J2.

However, the overlap ratio of the operating frequency range of the 8-channel separator. But-summing device at a level of +0.4 dB is not more than 1.8.

The closest to the invention according to the technical essence is a splitter-summing device containing an N-channel power divider and an N-channel power adder, where N 2, P is an integer made as a binary connection (N-1) Directed taps, loaded on 2x (Nl) ballast resistors, and load, while the outputs of the H-channel power divider and the inputs of the N-channel power adder are connected via an amplifier, and the load is connected to the output of the N-channel power adder, with

.This N-channel power divider input is the input to the total number of devices in the h.

However, the known dividing device may be

implemented only on symmetrical quadrature, in-phase or anti-phase couplers, which do not provide a working band more than an octave.

The aim of the invention is to expand the range of operating frequencies by reducing the loss of de-phasing of signals at its boundaries.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a nozzle of a mg / Schrua device, containing, respectively, an N-channel power divider and an N-channel power adder, where N 2, P is an integer number, made in the form of a binary connection (N-1) loaded on 2x (Nl) ballIlastic resistors and load, while the outputs of the N-channel power divider and the inputs of the N-channel power adder are connected via amplifiers, and the load is connected to the output of the .N-channel power adder, while the N-channel input power divider is in As a splitter adder, each directional coupler is made asymmetrical on the associated primary and secondary lines with strongly coupled. and weakly connected portions. At the ends, the strongly coupled end of the primary line and the loosely coupled end of the secondary line are the inputs of the directional coupler, but. the strongly coupled end of the secondary line and the loosely coupled end of the primary line are its outputs, the ballast resistors being connected to the loosely coupled ends of the secondary lines, and the input of the N-channel divider 1 and the output of the N-channel power adder are the strongly connected ends of the primary lines of the corresponding directional lines. taps.

FIG. 1 shows the scheme of the proposed separator-summing device; FIG. 2 is an unbalanced response to fkg, 3 is its communication function K (x); in fig. 4 and 5 transverse cross-section - connected strip lines; in fig. 6 -. The communication function k (x) of a two-sectional directional coupler; in fig. 7 is the communication function of a three-section asymmetrical directional coupler; in fig. 8 shows the communication function of an asymmetric directional coupler on inhomogeneous lines; in fig. 9, the relative geometric pa3Mepi.j of the two-section directional coupler j in FIG. 10 - dimensions of a three-section asymmetrical directional coupler; in fig. 11 dimensions of asymmetrical directional coupler on inhomogeneous lines x; in fig. 12 - frequency characteristic of the total rated power in the load. Separator-summing device {FIG. 1) contains an N-channel power divider 1, amplifiers 2, an N-channel power adder J (in Fig. 1 n 4), while the N-channel power divider 1 and the N-channel power adder 3 are made in the form of a binary connection bearing metric directional couplers 4 and 5, respectively. Each directional coupler 4 and 5 has primary and secondary lines 6 and 7; in these primary and secondary lines 6 and 7, we must distinguish between strongly bonded and weakly bonded sections 8 and 9. To the outputs of the vscurrent lines 7 of said loosely connected sections 9 of all the taps 4 and 5 are connected ballast resistors 10. Amplifiers 2 are connected between the outputs of the N-channel-1 power divider 1 and the inputs of the N-channel sum of the power matrix 3. The free outputs of the strongly coupled portion 8 of directional coupler 4 in the N-channel power divider 1 and directed in the coupler 5 in the N-channel power adder 3 are respectively the input 11 of the N-channel power divider 1 and the output 22 of the N-channel sum of the power 3 connected to with the load 13. The load resistance value 13, as well as the magnitude of the ballast resistors 10 are chosen equal to the value of the impedance of the feeder path from the N-channel power divider 1 or N-channel power adder 3 respectively. The primary line b of each of the directional couplers 4 and 5 (Fig. 2) is associated with the secondary line 7 of the electromagnetic field. The degree of connection of the lines is characterized by the function of the connection K (x) (Fig. 3), varying from the x coordinate, where x 1 / L is normalized to L of the current coordinates of the P point along the directional coupler, L is the total length of the interaction between the primary and secondary lines. In this case, the link function is calculated as Lfl (x) k (x) where L (x), C (x ) - own; LB (X), Sc (x) - mutual linear parameters of lines. The device works as follows. Let a wideband signal be connected to the input 11 of the K-channel splitter 1. By using the N-channel power divider 1, this signal is divided into N equal parts with a negligible. irregularity in the frequency band. After amplification by amplifiers 2, the signals are added to the total load 13 with an N-channel power adder 3. Asymmetrical directional couplers 4 and 5 (Fig. 2) are characterized by unequal phase shifts in strongly coupled and weakly coupled sections 8, 9 (Fig. 1). To ensure the phasing of the signals of each of the amplifiers 2 in the load 13, the outputs of the directional taps 4, 5 of the N-channel power divider 1 are necessary. The inputs and the inputs of the N-channel power adder 3 are interconnected so that the number of outputs of the primary lines with weakly coupled sections 9 and the outputs of the secondary lines 7 with strongly coupled sections 8 in each channel of the power addition would be equal to loggll. At the same time, only in the case of monotonous decrease of the communication function k (x) (stepwise or continuous), both the phasing of the signals of amplification unit 2 at load 13 and the maintenance of the wave resistance of the primary Z (x) and secondary line Z2 (x) directional coupler. in each section x lines (fig. 2) Z (x Z2 (x) -1Гь (х) / С (х) (2) For practical realization of the dividing-summing device, which provides in printed design the summation of sufficiently high power levels, it is advisable to use shielded connected strip lines — with a partial overlap of the wide sides of the strips (Fig. 4, overlap; Fig. 5, a gap). Such a structure allows varying function of the primary and secondary lines O k (x) i, 95 ) with unchanged distances mehdau grounded plates ъ and the gasket thickness S between the lines. In this case, a uniform division of power is ensured. Through the channels of the N-channel power divider 1 (i.e. uniform excitation of amplifiers 2), matching of the source with input 11 and load 13 with the input of the N-channel power adder 3, phasing of signals of amplifiers 2 in the load 13 in a wide frequency band. Thus, the proposed device covers a significant range of operating frequencies, reaching three octaves, which significantly expands the scope of separation of summing devices in wideband amplifiers and transmitters of the microwave range, and also allows you to abandon the use of a set of narrowband dividers and sumators spanning a wide band frequencies in parts

The designs of eight-channel devices on asymmetric two- and three-section directional couplers, as well as using asymmetrical directional responders on non-uniform lines, have been experimentally investigated. In all designs, material FAP-4 and a structure with partial overlapping of the wide sides of the strips were used (Fig. 4 and 5). Graphic dependences of the function of communication k (x) 10 with the characteristic impedance of the path. 50 ohms are shown in FIG. b - for the case of two-section directional couplers in FIG. -7 - for three sections; in fig, 8 - for directional; 15 taps of heterogeneous lines. FIG. 9-11 show the dependences of the widths W of the strips and the gap between them normalized to the distance b with the selected thickness ratio S 20 of the fluoroplastic strip to the b: S / b

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Fif & .3

0.025 (S $ 0.15 mm, b 6.15 mm), respectively, for two-, three-section-directed couplers and directional couplers on non-uniform lines. .In FIG. 12 shows the frequency characteristics of the normalized total power in the load 13 when using three-section directional couplers in the decimeter frequency range with overlap), 6. The initial attenuation (Fig. 12), equal to 2.15 dB, is due to the presence of dissipative losses in conductors and Dielectric divider and adder, and the high-frequency characteristic is due to the influence of higher types of oscillations.

Thus, the technical and economic efficiency is achieved due to a significant expansion of the operating frequency range of the device.

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Claims (1)

A DIVIDING-SUMMING DEVICE containing respectively an N-channel power divider and an N-channel power adder, where N = 2 ^₽ , P is an integer; made in the form of a binary connection (N-1) of directional couplers loaded on 2x (Nl) ballast resistors and a load, while the outputs of the N-channel power divider and the inputs of the Ν "channel power adder are connected through amplifiers, and the load connected to the output of the N-channel power combiner, while the input of the N-channel power divider is the input of a separation-summing device, characterized in that, in order to expand the range of operating frequencies by reducing the loss of raffae signals at its borders, each the directional coupler is asymmetrical on the connected primary and secondary lines and the strongly connected and loosely coupled sections 'at the ends, while the strongly coupled end of the primary line and the loosely coupled end of the secondary line are the inputs of the directional d coupler, and the strongly coupled end of the secondary line and the loosely coupled end of the primary line' are its outputs /. Moreover, the ballast resistors are connected to the loosely coupled ends of the secondary lines, and the input of the N-channel power divider and the output of the N-channel power adder are strongly-end of the primary lines respectively stvukchtsih directional couplers. SU. „, 1075372