SU1071646A1 - Method for conducting smelting process and steel making arc furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The method of maintaining the smelting, including the charging of the charge, the melting in the charge of the wells by electric generators; gami, melting ishkhta on the periphery of the working volume of the furnace and bringing the melt to the specified parameters, and so that, in order to increase the productivity of the furnace, during the melting process, the position of the lower ends of the electrodes relative to the vertical axis of the furnace is shifted them to the furnace axis when melting in the ShIHT-wells and bringing the melt to the specified parameters and moving to the periphery of the furnace when the charge is melted. - 2. Arc steel-smelting furnace., Comprising a housing and electrodes, fixed in electrode holders rigidly connected to racks installed in the upper and lower systems of the roller support, which is intended to to increase the productivity of the furnace, the lower roller rollers of each rack are movable and equipped with a mechanism for moving it in a horizontal plane.

Description

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The invention relates to metallurgy, and more specifically to methods of conducting smelting in arc steel-smelting furnaces and to the designs of these furnaces. There is a known method of conducting smelting in an arc steel-smelting furnace, including charging of the charge in the working volume of the furnace, melting in the mixture of wells with electric arcs burning between the lower ends of the electrodes and the metal charge, melting the mixture at the periphery of the furnace working volume, forming a common metal bath and bringing the melt to the set parameters. as by composition,. so and by temperature. All melting is carried out in an arc steel-smelting furnace, which includes a body covered with a vault with electrodes installed in its holes, the symmetry axes of which are parallel to the vertical axis of the furnace. C.1 However, the rigid fixed position of the electrodes does not allow the melting with changing the position of the lower ends, electrodes, which leads to a decrease in the productivity of the furnace and increase in specific energy consumption. . The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed method is the smelting process involving the filling of the charge by melting in the charge of wells with electric arcs, the melting of the charge on the periphery of the furnace working volume and bringing the melt to the specified parameters. The closest to the technical essence of the invention is an arc steel-smelting furnace comprising a housing and electrodes fixed in electrode holders rigidly connected to racks fixed in the upper and lower systems — rollers 21. However, rigid fixation in systems of roller racks supporting the holders with electrodes It does not allow to change the position of the bottom ends of the electrodes during the melting process. By providing education to the Djero well, the lower ends of the electrodes, as they move down, move even closer to the center of the furnace. The charge remaining at the periphery of the furnace working volume is long to be melted. This is especially true for electric furnaces with cooled wall elements. Melting is slowed down, which reduces the productivity of the furnace, and the consumption of electricity increases. The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of the furnace. The goal is achieved by the method of melting, charging the charge of the charge, melting, lazy in the charge of wells, electric arcs, melting the charge on the periphery of the furnace working volume and bringing the melt to the specified parameters, during the process of melting change the position of the lower ends of the electrodes relative to vertical axis of the furnace, shifting them to the axis of the furnace when melting in the mixture of wells and bringing the melt to the specified parameters, and moving to the periphery of the furnace when melting the mixture. The method can be carried out in an arc steel-smelting furnace, comprising a housing and electrodes mounted in electrode holders rigidly connected to the racks, the roller-supports mounted in the upper and lower systems, the lower system of the roller-supports of each rack being movable and equipped with a mechanism for moving it in a horizontal plane . One of the factors determining the basic performance of an electric furnace — its performance and power consumption — is the diameter of the decay of the electrodes, which determines the location of the electric arcs in the working volume of the furnace. The diameter of the decay of the electrodes affects the uniformity of the sidewall irradiation by the electric arcs along the furnace perimeter, the transfer of heat from the electric arcs to the liquid bath and the uniformity of its heating in both the depth and the full volume. At the same time, at different moments of melting, it is desirable to have a different decomposition of the electrodes. Thus, when the wells are melted, it is desirable that the lower ends of the electrodes are brought together closely enough to ensure the formation of a common well for all three electros. The melting of the charge, located on the periphery of the working volume of the furnace and on its slopes, requires the displacement of the lower ends of the electrodes, and hence the electric arcs to the walls of the furnace. Further heating of the metal bath when bringing it to the specified parameters is desirable to maintain when the reduced end ends of the electrodes to the vertical axis of the furnace. FIG. 1 shows a furnace, side view / in FIG. 2, a furnace, a vertical section; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 1. X The furnace design includes the housing 1, the upper part of which can be made of water-cooled elements 2. The lower part of the housing 1 is lined with refractory material 3. Lining of the entire inner part of the housing 1 is possible only with refractory material. The furnace body 1 is covered with a vault 4, electrodes b, which are fixed in electrode holders 7, are introduced into the holes 5. Electrode holders 7 are rigidly connected to racks 8 installed in the upper 9 and lower 1.0 roller support systems (Plunger hydraulic movement of the racks in the vertical plane is not shown J. Upper roller system 9 is made rigid The rollers 11 of this system have a very limited displacement (2-5 mm, which serves to install the pillars 8. The lower system of the rollers 10 is made movable in a horizontal plane. It is installed on a horizontal plate 12 and provided with guides 13 and displacement mechanisms 1.4. In this case, the guides 13 of the outermost posts are installed either perpendicularly or at a certain angle f to 6 O) to the guide center pillar. In the first case there is some displacement of the center of heat to the One of the sides of the furnace, in the second case, when the roller wheel is displaced, a strict displacement of the electrodes along the radius of the furnace is provided, i.e. the center of heat release remains unchanged.

An example. Melting is carried out on a 100 t arc steel-smelting furnace with a 60 teA transformer. After charging the charge to the furnace, electric arcs are ignited and lead to the melting of wells in the charge at a voltage of 514 Oe and an arc current of 43–4 kA. At this moment, the melting and roller system of the 10 extreme FAs are shifted to the middle rack 8, and the middle phase to the side

furnace body 1, which ensures the reduction of the lower ends of the electrodes .6 to the central axis of the furnace. After the wells are melted in the charge, they are melted at the periphery of the furnace. At this moment of melting, the lower system of the roller-bearing 10 of the extreme phases shifts away from the average column. 8 and the middle phase moves away from the furnace. This ensures the displacement of the lower ends of the electrogeoids to the walls of the furnace. During this period, the voltage is 514 V, and the arc current rises to 52-54 kA, which ensures rapid melting of the charge at the periphery of the furnace. After the charge has been melted and the arcs are opened, the lower ends of the electrodes are again shifted to the center of the furnace by moving the Roller-support Systems 10 extreme

0 phases - towards the middle pillar 8,. and the middle phase - in the direction of the furnace.

Then, the arc current is increased to the OT.; 57 kA and deepened; the arcs are in the melt, ensuring optimal conditions

5 to heat the metal bars.

The application of the proposed method and device of the arc furnace will allow us to obtain optimal conditions for preparing it, shorten the period of melting of the charge, thereby increasing the productivity of the furnace and reducing the specific consumption of electric power to obtain 1 ton rose.

The economic effect of using the invention on a furnace with a capacity of 100 tons will amount to 331 thousand rubles. in year.

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Claims (2)

METHOD FOR CONDUCTING Smelting and Arc YOUR STEEL SURFACE FURNACE. (57) 1. A method of melting, including • filling the charge, melting the wells in the charge with electric arcs, re-melting the charge on the periphery of the working volume of the furnace and bringing the melt to the specified parameters, so that, with the aim of To increase the productivity of the furnace, during the melting process they change the position of the lower ends of the electrodes relative to the vertical axis of the furnace, displacing them to the axis of the furnace when melting in the charge-wells and bringing the melt to the specified parameters and moving to the periphery of the furnace when the charge is remelted. • 2. An arc steel-smelting furnace., Containing a casing and electrodes fixed in electrode holders, rigidly connected to racks installed in the upper and lower systems — roller bearings, with a lt; that, in order to increase productivity of the furnace, the lower roller carriages each rack system is movable and provided with a mechanism movable in its hori ¹ tal plane.