SU1068350A1 - Railway tank car for carrying setting fluids - Google Patents

Abstract

RAILWAY TANK TRANSPORT solidified liquids, comprising a boiler casing with thermal insulation, separated from the boiler an air gap, and mouth tained horizontally at the bottom of the last electric heaters with a sloping protective screen, characterized in that, with tselyr improve convective air movement and thus reducing the time for heating, the protective screen and the heating elements are offset relative to the vertical axis of the tank, and the protective screen in the lower part is made with flanges Oh. (L Od 00 ate

Description

The invention relates to containers for storing and transporting solidified liquids and can be used in railway tanks for the transport of molten media.

Such cargoes are transported in tanks equipped with various heating systems, such as steam, electric, etc. The most perfect of them is electric.

A known tank for transporting solidified liquids containing a boiler with thermal insulation, in the lower part of which there are chambers for electric heaters 1.

The disadvantage of this tank is uneven heating of the product throughout the boiler volume, overheating of the product in the lower part is insufficient heating rate of the product.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a railway tank for transporting solidifying liquids, including a boiler, a casing with thermal insulation, separated from the boiler by an air-bed, in the lower part of which electric heaters with a protective screen are installed.

The protective screen is installed obliquely to the surface of the heating elements in the direction of their conclusions at an angle and is provided in the upper part with a coating of insulating material, mainly asbestos. This embodiment of the screen creates a unidirectional annular movement of air in the gap 2.

However, the screen, provided in the upper part with a coating of insulating material, is heated by the heaters to considerable temperatures. Structurally, it is not possible to insulate the outer surface of the screen from the action of heaters, since this leads to a greater thickness of the screen layer. As a result, the screen turns into a heating element, and the screen warmed air counteracts unidirectional ring circulation, as it rises on both sides of the boiler. The counteraction of flows leads to deterioration of conditions for convective heat exchange, to overheating of the lower part of the boiler, to an increase in time and energy consumption for heating the product in the boiler.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the convective movement of air and thereby reduce the time for heating liquids.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a railroad tank car for transporting solidifying liquids, including a boiler, a casing with thermal insulation, separated from the boiler by an air gap, and

Harpesi electric gels with an inclined protective screen installed horizontally at the bottom of the latter, an overhanging shield and heating elements are displaced relative to the vertical axis of the tank, the protective screen at the bottom being flanged.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed tank, a cross-section; in fig. 2 - the same; lengthwise cut.

The tank contains a boiler 1 with thermal insulation 2, separated from the boiler by an air layer 3, in the lower part of which electric heaters 4 are installed with the screen 5 inclined to the opposite side from the terminals. The screen and heating elements are shifted away from the conclusions of the electric heaters.

The screen in the lowered part has a flap 6, and the flare value is larger than the distance from the screen to the heaters. The boiler is supported on the frame by means of the feet 7 and the supports 8.

FIG. 1, the arrows indicate the directions of the upward, less dense flows and the downward, more dense airflows, the letter a indicates the length of the active part of the Heaters.

During heating, a screen that has a high temperature under the action of electric heaters heats the air: the ascending flows of which, for the most part, fall on the sloping wall of the boiler and are directed in the same direction as the air directed by the screen.

When the screen and heaters are moved beyond the vertical axis of the tank, the entire heated upward air flow hits the inclined surface of the boiler, and the flow directed by it circulates in a circle in the same direction as the circulating air directed by the screen.

The screen in the lower part may have flanging, which delimits heated and cooled air flows. Flanging also directs cooled air beneath the heaters, which improves convective heat transfer in the air gap.

Offsetting electric heaters and screens from the vertical axis towards the heater leads and making the screens inclined in the direction opposite to the heater leads, provides improved convective heat exchange between the heaters and the boiler. The heated air unidirectionally around the ring circulates in the gap between the boiler and the insulation.

This provides favorable conditions for the operation of heaters, excluding their overheating, and eliminates overheating of the boiler in its lower part. The uniformity of heating in turn provides accelerated heating of the product.

Claims (1)

RAILWAY TANK FOR THE TRANSPORTATION OF HARDENING LIQUIDS, including a boiler, a casing with thermal insulation, separated from the boiler by an air gap, and installed horizontally in the lower part of the latter electric heaters with an inclined protective screen, characterized in that, with the whole improvement of convective air movement and reduction time for heating, the protective screen and heating elements are offset relative to the vertical axis of the tank, and the protective screen in the lower part is made with flanging. I