SU106016A1 - Acoustic Diagnostic Apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The subject of the invention is an apparatus for acoustic diagnostics of lung and other patients through 5) percussion (percussion) of the body surface, in order to determine the state and boundaries of deep-lying organs by the timbre of the sound.

The known devices for acoustic diagnostics, consisting of installed on the examined part of the patient's body sensor and electromagnetic type receiver for exciting and capturing the response sonic disturbances amplified by the amplifier and recorded on the oscilloscope screen, make it impossible to determine the change in the tone of the response 315 of the investigated part of the body .

This disadvantage is eliminated in the proposed apparatus for acoustic diagnostics by the fact that a rod fixed on the membrane is used as a sensor to excite sound vibrations, which is brought into oscillatory motion by an electric pulse generator and is in contact with the body part under study, which response oscillations are perceived by the anaparat receiver.

i FIG. shows a block diagram of the apparatus; pas figs. 2-form impulses of mechanical oscillations of the sensor; on fkg. I - kr1P5a acoustic kolsbannn, vozipkayunshh in healthy lungs; on fng. 4-krsh a acoustic oscillations arising in the lungs, 5 of which the air is discharged by IIF; in fig. 5 - curve of acoustic collisions arising in the air} gaiol1-p1 cavity (timpani sound).

Apiarat (Fig. 1) has a generator /, the generation of alternating-current pulses of acoustic or ultrasonic frequency. The frequency of the pulses and the oscillations being excited, their duration and the shape of the amplitude vary, however, depending on the depth of the organs under the examined part of the patient's body and the density of the tissue. 11 pulses sent by the generator through the membrane of the sensor 2 with a rod applied to the patient's body part under study are converted into mechanical vibrations. The arising response sound vibrations are perceived by the receiver in the form of a compact microphone 3,

located next to a datum and converts the response sound vibrations into electrical impulses amplified by an amplifier 4 and recorded on the screen of an oscillographic device 5 (for example, a cathode ray oscilloscope).

The oscillator, amplifier and oscilloscope are mounted together and enclosed in a portable small-sized case. The sensor membrane and receiver microphone are also mounted together and located on the same axis.

The curve of the mechanical oscillations of the sensor of the sound generator has the form of meanders (Fig. 2) and COCTQHT from r yes damped sinusoidal oscillations.

When the sound generator is activated and the sensor rod is applied to the patient's body part under study, sound vibrations occur, the shape of which at the selected oscillation frequency and pulse repetition varies depending on the amount of air in the test body.

In healthy lungs filled with air, the cellular lung tissue absorbs and suppresses higher harmonics, which favors the appearance of low frequencies, due to which the acoustic oscillation curve approaches the first harmonic, i.e., becomes sinusoidal (Fig. 3).

In diseased lungs, in which air is forced out, for example, by infiltration, the possibility of the first harmonic is limited, but higher harmonics arise freely (Fig. 4).

The degree of filling of the air of the lungs can be judged by the indications of the apparatus also by the change in the amplitude of the sound vibrations, as well as by the change in the shape of the envelope curve. For example, the curve in FIG. 3 first shows a rapid increase in the amplitude of oscillations, and then a slow decrease in its amplitude, which indicates the best resonance quality factor of the studied organ, while the curve in FIG. 4 shows from the very beginning a gradual decrease in the amplitude of oscillations.

FIG. Figure 5 shows the sound vibration curve with a tympanic sound, which occurs in the air-filled cavity of the organs under study, where both low and high tones can freely occur, i.e., it harmonizes equally well as the first harmonic, providing a significant amplitude of oscillations, and some higher harmonics, which give the individual oscillations on this curve a characteristic serrated (saddle-shaped) appearance.

To diagnose dense and deep organs in the patient's body, higher frequencies of excited acoustic oscillations (over 2000 Hz) up to 5 ultrasound are used. This increases the direction of sound waves, which increases the resolving properties of the device.

Subject invention

The device for acoustic diagnostics, consisting of an electromagnetic type sensor and receiver installed on the examined part of the patient's body for exciting and capturing the response sound vibrations amplified by the amplifier and recorded on the oscilloscope screen, is also distinguished by the fact that, in order to determine the physical properties body area by changing the timbre of its response sound, as a sensor for excitation of sound vibrations a rod attached to an oscillating the movement of the generator of electrical pulses and kongaktiruyuschy with the test area of the patient's body, the response of which is perceived by the receiver of the device.

N2 106016

No. 106016

 4 - FIG. four