SU1051740A1 - Electrode liquid heater - Google Patents

Abstract

ELECTRODE LIQUID HEATER, comprising a case inside which the internal phase rod electrode fixed to the bottom of the case through the insulator i is mounted coaxially and with a gap and a stationary and with a gap relative to the bottom of the case in order to reduce the cost of the heater and improve the reliability of its operation, the cylindrical electrode is made in the form of a glass with a central hole and is provided with a stopper in the form of an adjusting screw, and the lower end of the rod rod the electrode is recessed into the cylindrical elektrod.Q (A Nt O ate

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to devices for electrode heating of a liquid, and can be used mainly in agriculture. Izves Uni electrode Fluid heaters, with electric and coaxial type, content. Housing, on the bottom of which two coaxial electrodes are fixed l. The disadvantage of such heaters is inversely proportional to the dependence of the power, on the resistivity of the heated fluid at 20 ° C and Im Up is proportional to its dependence on temperature. The closest in technical essence to the present invention is an electrode fluid heater containing a housing within which the internal three-core electrode fixed to the bottom of the housing through the bushing insulator and fixedly and with a gap relative to the bottom of the housing zero zero electrode 2 are located coaxially and with clearance. The disadvantage of this heater is the dependence of power on the resistivity of water. In addition, in order to maintain the temperature of the heated fluid, it is necessary to create a special auto-regulating electrical system (ATS) for this heater. Such SARs require certain costs for their creation and are called for in the case of positional regulation. Sharp fluctuations in power consumed from the network. A disadvantage of the heater is also the need for a relatively complex transport mechanism. heating chambers. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of the heater and increase the reliability of its operation. To achieve this goal, in the electrode fluid heater, which contains a housing, inside of which an internal phase rod electrode fixed to the bottom of the housing through a bushing insulator is mounted coaxially and about the gap, and a zero cylindrical electrode, a cylindrical electrode it is made in the shape of a glass with a central hole in the bottom and is provided with a stopper in the form of an adjusting screw, and the lower one, the rod of the rod electrode, is recessed into a cylindrical electrode. Tavlen electrode fluid heater: ti; Fig. 2 - graphs of power vs. time dependences (. and angle, rotation B6 of the adjusting screw; Fig. 3) is a graph of the dependences of the power against time; .4 - graphs of power and temperature for heating and thermos conditions for given temperatures (tf 2, C). The heater contains a phase electrode Ij zero electrode - a chamber, made in the form of a cup 2, a hole 3 for the exit of water and steam, a plug - adjusting screw 4, passage - insulator 5, body b of heater, bracket 7 for installing the screw 4. The glass is installed coaxially with the phase electrode and connected together with the housing to the neutral of the electrical network. The water level in the steady state operation inside the chamber, heating is indicated by the number 8. The heater works as follows. When an electrode heater is turned on for the angle of rotation of the adjusting blocking hole 3, O, when the heating chamber is completely filled with water, the initial power of the NNOC is determined by the surface area of the phase electrode and the water resistivity (FIGF). Under the effect of this power, the water in the chamber volume is heated to the boiling point with little or no mixing with the water in the case-. Formation of steam escapes through the hole 3, the cross section of which is adjusted by the screw 4. The vapor pressure lowers the water level in the heating chamber 2 until a dynamic equilibrium is established in the boiling mode, corresponding to 1, which is the established power. The time of the transitional regime corresponds to the time of heating to the boiling of the internal volume of water and does not exceed 1-2 minutes. The value of the steady-state power is determined by the cross-section of the steam outlet 3, which varies by turning the adjusting screw and is practically independent of the resistivity of the driver. Pgo. This is evident from the graphs shown in Fig. 3. When On -O / installed before the case of any body water, power is zero. Maximum power correspondingly; It allows the full opening of hole 3, which takes place at oi 360 °. Stabilization of the steady state power of the heater with a change in the water resistivity occurs due to the fact that as the resistivity decreases at a certain point in time, the current and power increase in comparison with the previous steady state. This causes an increase in steam production and, therefore, an increase in pressure inside the heating chamber. At the same time the water level decreases, the active-, to the surface of the electrodes and the power decrease;

falls, striving for the value of the power of the steady state that it had. the place before the change of the water resistivity. The smaller the height of the electrode system and the larger the diameters of the electrodes, the closer. A new value of the established power to the previous one is shown. This is due to the temd that even a small pressure change. Inside the heating chamber of level 8, water Yu causes a significant change in the active area of the electrodes. In analogy, in the reverse order, the power is established in the case of an increase in the water resistivity. .15

From the dependences (fig. 3) it is seen that when the specific resistivity of water is changed. P20 t 10 to 80 OMm installed, the heating power remains almost unchanged. According to the results of 1–20 tov, the power for J} 2o 10 Ohm-m is 8% higher than that given for Ryu; and for P20 80 it is given | , by 12%. Thus, when i increases the specific resistance by 25 times or 8 times, the power changes - by about 20%, i.e. there is an effect of stabilizing the water heater’s capacity;

For well-known water heaters: JQ steady-state values of power, Co-Y would correspond to a maximum value of

PMQKct Vakcg max "The change in the specific resistivity of water affects the transition time to the establishment mode (1-2 minutes). The lower the specific V water resistance, the less time. m transition process. In addition, the value of p2 o determines the magnitude of the maximum power in the transient process.

 se -; V. - -. , .,;:,about",.

Possible management transition, .-; heating mode by changing the urrHfi B filling in the electrode system; water for the initial start up cycle 45 (if necessary restrictions.,

The operation of the water heater in the mode of maintaining the desired temperature t: the temperature of already heated water is illustrated by the effects of FIG. 4. When reaching for-; 50 of the given temperature tj RiguLirovochka131L "with the screw blocks the escape of steam from; heating chambers. The steam generated in Kameipe displaces water and power gives up to a value P, corresponding to the power of heat losses at a given overheating temperature, Yesgli ne: to shut off steam output from chamber ya, heating at 4.2 and t, then mobility will have the value and P, respectively . heat losses at these temperatures. In this way, the thermos at the given set overheating temperature is provided.

. relative to ambient temperature.

This is due to the fact that in case of a decrease in the temperature of the water in the housing, steam condenses inside the heating chamber, the pressure decreases, the water level 8 rises, increasing the active surface of the electrodes, and therefore the heating power, and the water temperature in the housing . The same happens in the case of flow heaters. In the event of an increase in the flow rate of water through the heater, the steam condensation in the heating chamber increases, the water level rises, setting so that the new power value corresponds to the new flow rate while ensuring the set heating temperature.

The effect of a bridge (5) of the heating power in the steady state operation of the heater for water with different resistivity allows the use of the same water heater from almost any

natural sources without preliminary measurements and chemical preparation, i.e. reduced labor intensity

: exploitationand expanding scope

; application.

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The magnitude of the MS of heating can vary over a wide range, in practical terms from 0 to 100%, by changing the angle of rotation of the adjusting screw 4, which is much simpler than the movement of the heating chamber.

In addition, in the proposed electrode heater is absent; the heating chamber is separate from the screen electrode, it is combined with the screen electrode here, i.e. the dimensions of the electrode system and the heating chamber as a whole are reduced, and the metal consumption for its production is reduced. -.

Maintaining any given order: the heated fluid with this heater provides a high maintain accuracy; this temperature, 1 ", eliminates the greater | shi. power fluctuations that occur when the on-off control; with the use of ATS, generally eliminates the need to create an electric automatic control system to maintain the desired temperature. This makes it possible to use the simplest schemes for switching on a heater containing only switching devices.

In this way, the control equipment and zgitsyts become cheaper, and the reliability of operation is increased due to the decrease in the number of devices.

Claims (1)

(5 4.) (5 7) ELECTRODE LIQUID, which contains coaxially and with a gap an internal phase rod electrode fixed to the bottom / of the housing through the bushing and immovably and with a gap relative to the bottom of the housing, a zero cylindrical electrode that, '' * of stirring the heater and the reliability of its operation, the cue electrode is made in the form of a cup with a central hole in the bottom and equipped with a stopper in the form of an adjusting screw, and the lower end of the rod electrode is buried in a cylindrical electrode. about l and h as the purpose of increase of cylindrical 3/60, 1978. HEATER case, inside