SU1025350A1 - Method of sorting and cleaning seeds in liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

METHOD OF SORTING AND CLEANING OF SEEDS IN A LIQUID, including the removal of seeds H by density in a liquid medium, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of sorting the seeds and the performance of the sorting process, before separating the seeds they are kept in a vacuum chamber with rarefaction 0.2-0.5 kg / cm for 0.1-300.0 s, followed by moistening the seed with an aqueous solution.

Description

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01 The invention relates to agriculture, and can be used when sorting seeds by density in a liquid medium. The particle density, as a sign of separation, is used to separate the most biologically valuable seeds of various impurities from the seeds of the main crop. There is a known method of sorting and cleaning seeds by density, for example, when washing grain in milling plants x. There is also a known method of sorting and cleaning seeds, which implies that seeds of grain crops are loaded into a chamber with liquid. When a liquid enters the liquid, particles of a new material are sorted by density. Particles having a density greater than the density of the liquid sink, and the rest float on its surface. Further, the drowned (heavy) and floating (light) fractions of seeds are separately removed from the sorting chamber {2j. However, the known methods are not sufficiently effective. This is primarily due to the fact that there are always air bubbles on the surface of the kernels. A particularly large accumulation of air bubbles is observed in the beard of the weevil, consisting of a tuft of hair, and in its groove. In membranous seeds (oats, barley, etc.), a large amount of air is in the free space between the film and the seed core. Beet seeds (sugar, fodder, table) contains pericarp, in the pores of which there is also air. The use of organic and mineral dust on the surface of dry seeds worsens the wettability of seeds, since the air adsorbed by dust prevents water from reaching the surface of seeds. Thus, if seeds are pushed into a liquid, the quality of their results; the separation sort of separation will to a large extent be determined by the amount of air contained inside or on the surface of the seeds. In some cases, this, containing air bubbles, will float on the surface of the liquid, and if the air bubbles are removed, then this air can drown, i.e. air; Keeping seeds on the surface of seeds or contained in seeds, to a large extent distorts the process of separation of seeds by the value of their density and reduces the possible productivity of separation of seeds by known methods. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of sorting seeds and the performance of the sorting process. The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method, before dividing the seeds, they are kept in a vacuum chamber with atmospheric vacuum in it 0.2-0.5 kg / cm for 0.1-300.0 s, followed by moistening with a seed solution . Example. From a batch of seeds of sugar beet 5,000 kg, 6 samples of seeds of 0.5 kg each are taken according to the generally accepted method. Prior to sorting, three samples are placed in an airtight chamber, in which a discharge of 9.5 kg / cm is created. The seeds are under a discharge for 300.0 s and then moistened with water under the same discharge. Sorting of seed samples is carried out in water with a density of 0.9998 g / cm in six glass cups. In each cup placed 100O pieces. sem n After the seeds are lowered into cups of water and intensively mixed, the number of sunken seeds is counted every 4 hours. When about 70% of the sunken seeds subside in the Anchik seeds | heavy seeds are removed from the cups and determine their laboratory germination. The results of the comparative tests are presented in table. 1. l and c a 1 T a b and seed cleaning

Predla59, 1 - 7.1.2 g 19.5 38.6.

Known, 5 5.4 11.2 20.6 ny

86.2

40.4

88.8 92.4

93.0

9.8

72.1

72.1

36.1 59.9

These experiments show that the seeds treated by the proposed method have a greater yield of the yellow fraction from the total mass.

So, after 12 hours of seeds, processed by the proposed method, 71.2% sank, and with the well-known techno-logy 20.6%, while the energy of the plant and germination of seeds

The effect of the proposed method on sorting and cleaning

The abrasions prepared by the proposed method were significantly higher.

In tab. Table 2 presents data on the sorting of seeds of different cultures depending on the different processing times of them in a vacuum chamber with an atmosphere underpressure | In it is up to 0.3 kg / cm. T a b and D a 2

this n different cultures

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR SORTING AND CLEANING SEEDS IN LIQUID, including the separation of seeds by density in a liquid medium, characterized in that, in order to increase the accuracy of sorting the seeds and the productivity of the sorting process, they are kept in a vacuum chamber with a rarefaction of the atmosphere in it 0.2- 0.5 kg / cm ² for 0.1-300.0 s followed by moistening of the seeds with an aqueous solution. 1025350