SU1023982A1 - Radiator with linear polarization switching - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to microwave technology and can be used in various antenna systems with polarization switching and polarimeters. There are known emitters with switching two orthogonal linear polarizations, which contain a two-channel diode switch and orthogonal vibrators connected to the output of the switch with feeder lines through balancing devices and quarter-wave transformers lJ. A disadvantage of the known device, along with the complexity of the excitation system of orthogonal polarizations, is that the separation of the polarizations is associated with the successive selection of elements of the balancing device, which causes a high complexity of tuning. In addition, the insufficient stiffness of fastening the pins forming each orthogonal vibrator does not ensure the symmetry of the vibrators, which makes it difficult to achieve satisfactory uncoupling. The purpose of the invention is to increase polarization uncoupling while simplifying the design and reducing the laboriousness of tuning. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the emitter containing orthogonal vibrators, balancing devices, quarter-wave transformers and a two-channel diode switch with parallel switching of diodes, vibrators are installed in the cavity of the newly introduced single-mode waveguide shorted on one side, the balancing devices are made in the form of quarter-wave short-circuit-shifts. included between one end of each vibrator and the shorting wall of the waveguide and the other ends of the vibratory tori through series-connected quarter-Transform maintenace and feeder lines are connected to a bi-diode switch, the electrical length of the feeder lines 1, 1 shorted loops and associated transformers 1 1 1, respectively, - Ij + + n, where. ; - wavelengths in the feeder line, n - integer. A quarter-wave short-circuited spike and a quarter-wave transformer are made in the form of segments of single-wire lines located in the cavity of a short-circuited segment of said waveguide. FIG. 1 shows the design of the radiator with switching linear polarization. FIG. 2 shows a simplified equivalent radiator circuit. The emitter contains a diode switch 1. Each output switch, phone 1 is connected to the input of the corresponding feeder line 2. The output of each feeder line 2 through a quarter-wave transformer 3 is connected to the end of one of two mutually perpendicular half-wave vibrators 4. The other end of each vibrator is connected to a quarter-short short-circuit loop 5. Vibrators 4 are located in the Cavity of a segment of a single-mode waveguide 6. Switch 1 is equipped with two diodes (not shown in Fig. 1), connected in parallel to the line Nii - from the branch point. The switching points of the diodes are the outputs of switch 1. Feeder lines 2 are equal to the length, defined by the relation: 1 C - 1, - n, where 1 is the length of the feeder line; 1 - the length of a quarter-wave short-circuited loop; Ij is the length of a quarter-wave transformer; (- wavelengths in the feeder line. The quarter-wave short-circuited Leif 5 and the quarter-wave transformer 3 were made in the form of sections of single-drive lines located in the core of the short-circuited segment of waveguide. 1, enters or polarization channel, such as a closed diode in 1 polarization channel 2 and a quarter-wave transformer 3 provide microwave power to the vibrator 4. Vibrator 4 in the transducer In general, the polarization channel radiates the main wave into a segment of a single-mode waveguide 6. Due to the capacitive coupling between the vibrators 4, characterized by an equivalent capacitance 7, a part of the microwave power branches into the vibrator 4 of the II polarization channel. connected to its ends. Since the loads are identical: 1 + I ,, -. п (the diode in the closed state is equivalent to the circuit breaker), both half of the vibrator 4 in the second polarization channel are excited antiphase with the same amplitude y. With this vibrator

4 in the second polarization channel does not radiate a wave of N., and can only radiate higher types of waves. However, a segment of a single-mode waveguide 6 allows the propagation of only the main wave. Therefore, at the output of the segment of the waveguide 6,. the output of the radiator, there is no radiation from the vibrator 4 II polarization channel.

The conducted tests of the radiator showed that when the magnitude of the bond between the vibrators is 28 dB, the polarization between the kiaals is no worse than 40 dB.

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Claims (2)

1. A RADIATOR WITH LINEAR POLARIZATION SWITCH containing orthogonal vibrators, balancing devices, quarter-wave transformers, feeder lines and a two-channel diode switch with parallel switching on of diodes, characterized in that, in order to increase polarization isolation, the vibrators are installed to simplify the design and reduce the complexity of the settings in the cavity of the newly introduced single-mode waveguide shorted on one side, the balancing devices are made in the form Type A of quarter-wave short-circuited loops connected between one of the ends of each of the vibrators and the short-circuited wall of the mentioned waveguide, and the other ends of the vibrators through series-connected quarter-wave transformers and feeder lines connected to a two-channel diode switch, with electric lengths of feeder lines 1, quarter-wave short-circuits and 1 transformers 1, are connected by the ratio 1 = 1 ₁ -1 _{2 2} + -y, where 3 is the wavelength in the feeder line, η is an integer. 2. The emitter po_p. 1, characterized in that the quarter-wave short-circuited loop and the quarter-wave transformer are made in the form of segments of single-wire lines located in the cavity of a short-closed segment of the said waveguide.