SU1014082A1 - Overhead power transmission line - Google Patents

Abstract

1. AIR ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINE, containing phase wires fixed on supports, longitudinal insulating elements attached to the wires in flight, tension clamps installed on the wires in the fixing points of the longitudinal insulating elements, and transverse rods connecting the phase wires at least one end each of which is attached to a longitudinal insulating element, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of insulation, the longitudinal insulating elements are embedded in the wires of the phases, attached to them by means of t zhnyh clips to form a bypass loop.

Description

2. Lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to maintain the loop loops in a given

position, it is provided with consoles rigidly attached to the transverse rods and connected to the loop loops.

3. Lines of ppo1, 2, different with TeN}, that each console

made of an insulating rod and provided with a clip at the end for fastening the loop loop about

, Lini on pp. 1 and 2, characterized in that it is supplied on insulating, with c-clamping elements. Kf / heating elements of the bypass loop, suspended from the end of each console.

The invention relates to electric power, especially to the construction of high voltage overhead power lines, and can be used in the construction of lines with long spans or short phase-to-phase distances.

|. An electrical power line is known, containing wires of various phases suspended on insulating supports and transverse insulating rods fastened at their ends to different phases C

Such a line allows to provide distances between the phases within the prescribed limits during any spans, however, the insulating rods are subjected to large longitudinal compressive loads, which, with a distance between the phases of several meters, leads to unreasonably large costs for the manufacture of these rods. At small interphase distances, and you: high line voltages at the transverse rods show insufficient insulating properties on their surface; STI-.

Also known is an overhead power line, containing wires of different phases, suspended on insulating supports, and transverse insulating rods with a ribbed sheath, fixed by their ends to different phases of G 2

This line can be performed with

shorter interphase distances due to the best insulating properties of transverse rods along their surface, but in general it has the same disadvantages.

The closest to the technical essence of the invention is an overhead transmission line containing phase wires mounted on supports, longitudinal insulating elements fixed in the span to the wires, tension clamps mounted on the wires in the fixing points of the longitudinal and insulating elements, and transverse rods connecting wires of the phases, at least one end of each of which is fixed to the longitudinal insulating element of the SZ. ,

. It is known that the line can also be made with smaller interphase distances or used in conditions of industrial pollution of the atmosphere due to the possibility of increasing the creepage distance on the surface of insulating elements, increasing the length of the longitudinal insulating element. However, this increase may be insignificant, since the longitudinal insulating element is a bushing insulator and with an increase in its length it is also necessary to increase its thickness proportionally to avoid breakdown of the insulating material, which makes this element material and expensive. At large interphase distances, the transverse insulating material becomes material-intensive and expensive; the rod, due to the need to increase the strength and compression. All this increases the cost of the prototype line due to the high cost of insulating the wires in the span and limits its possible application. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost: strain on line insulation. This goal is achieved by the fact that in an overhead transmission line containing phase wires mounted on supports, longitudinal insulating elements attached to the wires in a span, tension clamps, mounted on the wires in the fixing points of the longitudinal insulating elements, and transverse rods, the connecting wires of the phases, at least one end of each of which is attached to the longitudinal insulating element, the longitudinal insulating elements are embedded into the wires of the phases, secured to them with the help of the specified tension clamps with the image vaniem bypass loop. Moreover, the overhead power line in order to maintain the bypass loops in a predetermined position is provided with consoles rigidly attached to the transverse rods and connected to the bypass loops. In this case, each console can be made of an insulating rod and provided with a clip at the end for fastening the bypass loop. In addition, the air line is provided with insulating elements with clamps for fastening the bypass loop suspended to the end of each console. In FIG. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the proposed line with two vertically arranged wires (with a longitudinal insulating element on it (wire); in Fig. 2 - the same, an option with three wires with longitudinal insulating elements on the lower and upper wires (with a console from an insulating rod for bypass loop of the upper wire); in Fig. 3 a section of the proposed line with a horizontal arrangement of wires, a variant with longitudinal insulating elements in each phase, axometric; in Fig. t - the same, a variant with longitudinal insulating elements in the middle phase; in Fig. 5 the same variant with the consoles of the chopping rods; Fig. 6 - the same as in Fig. 3, but the variant with the long insulating elements in the extreme phases (with the consoles from insulating rods), in Fig. 7 - the same, a variant with a suspension to the console of the insulating element, top view; in Fig. 8 - the same, view along the line axis. The proposed air line contains wires 1 of different phases A, B, C, suspended on supports 2 by means of tensioning bowls ND 3 or supporting beats N k. In spans at least in one of the wires 1, a longitudinal insulating element S is embedded, which is fixed to the wire 1 with tension clamps 6 to form a loop loop 7. The longitudinal insulating element 5 is provided with, for example, one clip 8 located in its middle (Fig. 1 ), to which one end of the transverse rod 9 is attached, the other end of which is connected to the wire 1 of the other phase with the aid of the clamp 10. To attach the bypass loop 7 of the given position relative to the wire 1, it is possible to use an insulating 11 console, for example, fiberglass Ikolnoy-rod, provided with a clamp 12 for fastening the bypass loop 7, or cantilever 13 of any material, to which the insulating element 14 is hung with a clip 15 for fastening the bypass loop 7. The console 11. and 13 are rigidly fixed to the transverse rod 9. The longitudinal insulating element 5 can be made of any insulating material that is effective for stretching: armored fiberglass insulators. synthetic ropes. The transverse rod 9 can be made of any material, napimer, steel, aluminum, wood .. The insulating element can be made, for example, of fiberglass plastic. The variants shown in FIG. 1, 3 A, the simplest, since the bypass loop 7 occupies its natural position under the longitudinal insulating element 5. Their use is advisable in the case when there is a reserve in the dimensions of the line ((, l) or it is possible to arrange longitudinal insulating elements 5 in the areas where the wire is suspended higher (Fig. 2). In cases where the bypass loop 7 below the wire 1 cannot be located according to the design features of the line, this makes it necessary to increase the suspension height of the wires 1, it is possible to arrange the bypass 1 loop in any position relative to the wire 1 and in space by using consoles 11 (Fig. 2, 5, 6) or consoles 13 (Fig. 7-8). For example, loop 7 can be located above wire 1 in a vertical plane (Fig. 2, 5) or at the level of wires 1 in the horizontal plane (Figs. 6, 7, 8). A variant with a cut-in of longitudinal insulating elements into each wire 1 (Fig. 3) is characterized in that the insulating path 2 along the surface elements5. and the path 2 from the bypass loop 7 through the air to the clamp 8 can be chosen based on a voltage equal to half a linear voltage. In this case, the transverse rods 9 are insulated from the line, which in a number of cases can simplify their repair, maintenance or replacement, and also allows them, for example, to be grounded or strengthened on mountain slopes or engineering structures to limit mobility. The variations in FIG. 1, 2, 4, 5,6, 7, 8 with the insertion of longitudinal insulating elements 5 only in part of the line wires reduce labor costs for its installation, simplify the construction of the line but at the same time insulating paths 1 4 4}. Z 5 must choose an outcome. from the linear voltage of the line, since the transverse rods 9 are at the potential of one of the phases. From the point of view of the cost of insulation, the options in FIGS. 3, 5 are preferable, since they ensure minimal consumption of insulating material for the manufacture of longitudinal insulating elements 5. The use of options for 1)) ig.2 6.7 leads to a little more for the cost of insulation, but it can provide a number of other technical advantages (for example, the variant in FIG. 6 does not reduce the dimensions of the line and does not. to reduce the distance of the wire lightning protection first cable). The implementation of the consoles 11 of insulating rods is always advisable when the bypass loop 7 is located above the wire 1 in the vertical plane (Fig. 2, 5). At the same time, they practically perceive only weak compressive loads from the weight of the bypass loop 7 and bending loads from wind pressure on it. When the bypass loop 7j is located, for example, in the horizontal plane, the expediency of applying the variant in FIG. 6 or the variant in FIG. 7, 8 can be determined by technical and economic calculation. With an increase in the line voltage class or under conditions of severe contamination, the use of the console 13 with the isolating element 1 will be more economical. The technical effect achieved by applying the proposed line is as follows. The main element providing the specified interphase distance (transverse rod 9) can be made of any material, including conductive material. This allows it to be manufactured for any real compressive loads. And of any length, while retaining its relative lightness and low cost. Insulation of one phase from another is performed by means of longitudinal insulating elements 5 located along the axis of the wire. At any, the smallest distances between the phases and under the conditions of the strongest contamination, an element 5 of such length and design can be selected to provide normalized insulating interfacial parameters, while the insulating element 5 is subjected only to tensile loads that allows you to make it constructively simple and cheap. New cost-effective insulators, for example, fiberglass can be found to be widely used. In the variants with In other words, consoles 11 or 13 insulating elements are located outside the interphase gaps, which means that their choice also does not depend on distances. The installation technology of the proposed line is practically not complicated, since the fastening of the longitudinal insulating elements 5 and the formation of the bypass loop 7 can be performed on the ground during the rolling of the wire. It is obvious that it is simpler to mount transverse rods 9, for example, from an aluminum pipe, at a height than, on the prototype line, similar rods of insulated material. The area of possible application of the predicted line is not practically limited to the voltage class or the constructive execution of the phase. On standard lines with a horizontal or multi-layered arrangement of wires (Figs. 1-8), the greatest effect is achieved at voltages of about 220 kV. It is also possible to effectively use the line when performing its multiphase or when performing phases of a false configuration.

The economic efficiency of using the proposed line is achieved by reducing the cost of insulating the wires in the span and expanding the possible area of economical use at the smallest interphase distances and the strongest conditions

contamination or, on the contrary, at sufficiently large. interphase spacing, when a known line cannot be applied due to unrealistically high constructor requirements for isolation.

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Claims (4)

1. ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION AIR LINE, containing phase wires; fixed on supports, longitudinal insulating elements attached in the span to the wires, tension * clamps installed on the wires in the places of fixing the longitudinal insulating elements, and transverse rods connecting the phase wires, at least one end of each of which is attached to the longitudinal insulating element, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of insulation, longitudinal insulating elements are embedded in the phase wires, attached to them with tension clamps with the formation of a bypass loop. SU „, 1014082 ^ ΦπΖ.Γ 2. The line along π. I, characterized in that, in order to maintain the bypass loops in a predetermined position, it is provided with consoles rigidly attached to the transverse rods and connected to the bypass loops. 3. The line for PP. 1 and 2, distinguishing with me. that each console is made of an insulating rod and is equipped with a clip at the end for attaching a bypass loop. 4. The line for PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that it is provided with insulating, elements with clamps for attaching a bypass loop, under the hanging to the end of each console.