SU1011679A1 - Process for producing lubricant for cold metal press-working - Google Patents

Abstract

METHOD OF OBTAINING GREASE FOR. COLD TREATMENT OF METALS BY PRESSURE by treating vegetable raw material with hydrophores, o tl i (Caused by the fact that, in order to simplify the process and improve the quality of the lubricant, oxidized foliar oil is used and processed with perhydrol at a temperature of 20-40 ° C the presence of formic acid to iodine number 60-90, followed by washing the resulting product and processing an aqueous solution of alkali in the amount of 2-4 may.% in the calculation. on the finished product.

Description

ABOUT

WITH

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of lubricants and can be used in the preparation of a lubricant for cold processing of metals by metal, in particular for drawing metals.

There are known methods for producing SMA zones for cold treatment of metal by pressure based on tall oil by hydration in the presence of inorganic acidic catalysts, followed by neutralization of the resulting product tlj.

However, the known method requires the use of difficult-to-regenerate catalysts, high costs of reagents, sophisticated processing equipment and used lubricants do not always provide the required quality of the treated surface.

The closest to the present invention is a method of producing a lubricant for cold metal forming by treating tall oil, used as a plant raw material, with perhydrol at 70-80 ° C in the presence of an organic solvent to a hydroxyl number of 150–170 mg KOH / G, followed by distilling off the solvent. The grease obtained by a known method, effective for cold metal processing pressure 2.

However, the known method is flammable and requires a large consumption of an expensive hydroxylation agent. In this method of production, undesirable tall oil mixtures remain in the lubricant: lignin, mechanical impurities, resinous products, which reduce the quality of the products and equipment purity. In addition, the lubricant obtained by a known method contains up to 40% resin acids, which in such an amount adversely affect the purity of the workpiece.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the process, which is achieved by lowering the initial product processing with perhydrol, eliminating the solvent distillation stage, eliminating fire hazard, improving the quality of lubricant, reducing the amount of condensed compounds, improving flower resin and solubility in water. .

. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of obtaining a lubricant for cold metal forming, oxidized foliar oil is treated with perhydrol at a temperature of 20-40 ° C in the presence of formic acid to iodine

numbers 60-90, followed by washing the resulting product and processing the aqueous solution of alkali in the amount of 2-4 wt.% calculated on the finished product.

A common feature with the prototype is the implementation of the perhydrol treatment of vegetable raw materials, and the process itself using oxidized deciduous oil as plant raw materials and all subsequent stages form the distinguishing features of the process.

Leaf fatty acids have a composition, wt.%:

Oleic acid 39 Linoleva 48

Linolenova, 3 Stearinova 2

Palmitova 6

Behenic acid 2 and oxidized deciduous oil has the following fatty acid composition, wt.%:

Oleic acid 38,4 Linolev 45,4

Stearinova 2

Palmitic b

Begenova 2

Oxidized fatty acids, 2

The treatment with perhydrol in the presence of formic acid causes the formation of epoxy compounds directly via double bonds, and the introduction of 2–4% alkali based on the weight of the product obtained facilitates the saponification of epoxy groups to dioxides, as well as the formation of acid soaps soluble in aqueous solutions. The epoxidation process at a temperature of 40 ° C proceeds with the release of a large amount of heat, which entails the formation of reaction by-products and impairs the control of the process. When the temperature decreases below 20 ° C, the oxidized deciduous oil thickens, which reduces the reaction rate. Alkali introduction less than 2 wt.% Does not ensure a stable process of saponification of epoxy groups, and alkali introduction more than 4% wt. which adversely affects its performance, the use of oxidized foliar oil ensures that resin acids in the product do not exceed 20%.

Example 1: Leaf oil is heated to, at the same time, low molecular weight components and moisture are distilled off. Upon reaching the specified temperature, the oxidation of foliar oil is carried out, feeding into the reaction mixture by barbtage, aerated air. At regular intervals, samples are taken and the iodine value is determined. At the time of obtaining the iodine number of the SDC, the oxidation process is completed. The resulting product is cooled to formic acid and perhydrol at a ratio of 1: 0.6: 01.1, respectively, are simultaneously fed to the oxidized deciduous oil while mixing. In the process of synthesis, the temperature, feed rate of formic acid is 20 kg / h, perhydrol - 130 kg / h. After feeding the reagents, the mixture is stirred until an iodine number of 90 is obtained in the product, then washed

water at up to pH 6.5-7.0. The product obtained is cooled to room temperature and, with stirring, a 40% alkaline aqueous solution is introduced in an amount of 2% by weight of: the product obtained. Stirring is carried out for one hour.

Example 2. Lubrication is obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. The treatment with oxidized foliar oil by perhydrol is carried out at d® of the iodine number 60, and 4% by weight of the obtained product is added to alkali.

In tab. 1 presents the composition of 15; | lubricants and their physico-chemical indicators.

Table 1

Prototype 120 75 170 10.0 Lubricant prepared according to examples 9390 150 21.3 9460 170 21.2 Oil-oxidized deciduous 130 15 40.4 oil

Leaf oil 125 180

In tab. 2 shows the comparative characteristics of the performance properties of lubricants.

To test the performance properties of lubricants, their three percent aqueous emulsions are prepared and tested43, 3 20.1 4.5 32.1

when drawing dry brass pipes of the grade L63. The drawing is carried out on a three-ton chain drawing mill. Drawing route: 1st pro; stroke 58.2x55.0x1.6 mm; 2nd pass, 55,4x53,0x1,2 mm. 28.5 41.7 15.0 4.8 15.8 30.4 31.2 1.3 14.2 32, -3 31.4 0.9 19.1 7.6 29.5 3.4 Non-inefficiency - NestaPrototype of Rome Bilna

Stabil-Light Soluble on th

As can be seen from the table. 1 and 2, the quality of the lubricant offered is improved by reducing the amount of condensed compounds, resin acids, improving the color and solubility of the lubricant in water, as well as the stability of its emulsion.

The proposed lubricant is effective in the processing of metals by pressure with an iodine number of no more than eB and with a content of resin acids no more than 20% (the lubricant of examples 1 and 2 has the same properties).

table 2

62.0

54,8

. Thus, the use of the proposed method for producing a lubricant for cold metal forming provides, by comparison with the known method, the following advantages. The fire and explosion hazards of lubricant production are significantly reduced, due to the exclusion of solvent technology. The instrumentation of the process is reduced due to the lack of a technological cycle for the distillation of the solvent. The quality of the lubricant and the treated surface of the products are improved. Dark brown-, 55.0 62.1 nevy

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING LUBRICATION FOR COLD METAL PROCESSING BY PRESSURE by treating vegetable raw materials with hydrohydrol, o tl ^f C in the presence of formic acid to an iodine number of 60-90, followed by washing of the obtained product and treatment with an aqueous solution of alkali in an amount of 2-4 wt.% calculated on the finished product. _β © yes m CO i>