SU1010584A1 - Equipment for geological mapping in water areas - Google Patents

Abstract

EQUIPMENT FOR .GEOLOGICAL MAPPING IN AQUATORIES, containing sequentially connected multi-channel receiving piezo, multichannel amplifier and multichannel analog-to-optical converter with independent channels, the first random access memory that controls the input that connects to the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the the dial, the the dial, in, and the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the dial, the type using in, and is connected to the receiver. analogue digital converter, and the first second inputs of the control circuit are connected respectively to the first you the timer and the output of the circuit registers the delay of the registration channel, the input of which is connected to the first output of the microcomputer, the second output of the latter is connected to the formative input of the second random access memory, the output of which is connected to the input of a digital magnetic recorder emitting an acoustic system whose input is connected with the second output of the timer, the input of the latter is connected to the output of the visual display unit of the recorded information, characterized in that with the expansion of the functional possibilities It is capable of controlling the dynamic and frequency ranges of each channel's registration, it additionally contains the cough register frequency range code registers, the channel gain code register registers, the channel memory modulator, the register. the forwarding code register and the operating mode control circuit, with the first operational backup (the restoring device is made as separate memory modules for each channel with an independent access cycle, and the visual display unit of the recorded information is made as a sequence of connected characteristic code register , code-voltage pen converter and graphic display devices for series and serially connected third 00 random-access memory, NC BTopoix) code-converter Amplifier, mixer and recorder, and the information output of the first random access memory is connected to the information input of the channel memory module switch, the control input of which is connected to the third output of the control circuit, the fourth and fifth outputs of the latter are connected schematically with control by the second and second control inputs .the third operational memory, and the third, fourth, and fifth

Description

the inputs are connected respectively to the outputs of the control register, the lead-ahead code register and the first output of the operating mode control circuit, the input of which is connected to the third timer output, and the second output is connected to the first micro | | -ZVM input, the second input of the last is connected to the output of the memory channel KOMiviytaTOpa and the third, fourth,. the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth outputs are connected respectively to the information input of the third operational memory, to the inputs of the registrar of the damage code, control register, characteristic code register, channel gain code register registers, channel frequency code register registers, output which is connected to the first control input of a multi-channel amplifier, the second control input after the second is connected to the output of the channel gain code registers.

The invention relates to geophysical instrumentation, intended for seismic acoustic surveys in water areas in a wide range of studied.  frequencies both for the purpose of studying the upper part of the section when performing geological mapping of the bottom, sediments carried out in the search and exploration of solid mineral deposits, and for the purpose of studying the deep structures in the search for oil and gas fields.  The Aquamarine device, which contains an electrical energy storage device, a three-electrode electro-hydraulic emitter, a receiving device, an amplifier, a filter unit, a discrete action recorder, two analog tape recorders and a control unit | i The device is designed to solve structural problems in the water area according to the central the beam and cannot be used to study the structural and lithological features of the section using 51 methods of multi-channel reception and processing, does not allow tvl be automated processing of information obtained from the CVM loschyu ps.  A digital geoacoustic station is also known, containing a source of elastic waves, a streamer with receivers of elastic waves, an analog-digital converter, a processing device, a register device and a control device.  This station cannot be used to perform seis; moak survey works in the water area conducted to study the structural and lithological features of the section using the multichannel reception and processing technique, as it does not allow multichannel digital recording of seismoacoustic information and does not provide the possibility of receiving and recording acoustic.  MATICIA in indicative form.  It is also known a device for processing multi-channel seismic profiling in the ocean, containing sequentially connected seismic receivers, amplifiers, multi-channel pre-.  analogue creator - code, multi-channel controlled filter, multichannel electron-beam builder, vycholitel-analysis torus, control, synchronization and control units, buffer memory, digital scan, register, decoder.  The device is designed to perform filtering and summing up by analogue and retrieving the recorded seismoacoustic information with the capacity of the multichannel electron beam h 3 f 3.  The specified device cannot be effectively used for solving geological mapping tasks in a wide frequency range, since it does not provide digital recording of multichannel seismoacoustic information on a magnetic tape in indicative form, does not allow recording seismoacoustic information in several frequency ranges, and does not allow seismoacoustic processing capabilities information with the application closest to the one proposed is the equipment for the geological map on the waters, which contains -sequentially connected multichannel receiving piezocos, a multichannel amplifier and a multichannel analog-to-digital converter with independent channels, the first random access memory, the control input of which is connected to the first output of the control circuit, the second output of which is connected to the control input of a multi-channel analog-digital converter, and the first and second inputs of the control circuit are connected to the first output of the timer and the output of the delay register registers and registering a channel whose input is connected to the first output of a microcomputer, the second output of the latter is connected to the information input of the second operative recording device, the output of which is connected to the input of a digital magnetic recorder emitting a speaker system whose input is connected to the second output of the timer , the input of the latter is connected to the output of the visual unit of the south display of the recorded information 43.  However, the equipment cannot be directly used for seismic acoustic studies in a wide range of frequencies, carried out to study both the upper part of the section and its deep features, since it does not provide work in several frequency ranges, has significant limitations, with the upper operating frequency and the number of channels registered, it does not provide the ability to control the dynamic registration range for each channel according to any predetermined law.  The purpose of the invention is to expand the functionality by providing the ability to control the dynamics and frequency ranges of the registration of each channel.  The goal is achieved by the fact that the equipment for geological mapping in the waters, containing serially connected multichannel receiving piezocos, multichannel amplifier and multichannel analog-to-digital converter with independent channels, the first operational memory device, the control input of which is connected to the first output of the control circuit, the second output of which is connected to the control input of the multischandal anapog-Sh1fr (the main driver and the former, and the first and second inputs of the control circuit with Connected, respectively, with the first timer output and the output of the scanner to the register of the channel registration delay, the input of which is connected to the primary output of the microcomputer, the second output of the latter is connected to the information memory BTopoix of the random access memory, the output of which is connected to the input of the digital magnetic recorder emitting an acoustic system whose input is connected to the second timer output, the last input is connected to the output of the visual block {south display of the recorded information, additionally contains a registration circuit Channel registration frequency range codes, a channel gain code register circuit, a channel memory module switch, a control register, a lead-ahead code register, and an operating mode circuit, whereby the first random access memory is made as separate memory modules for each channel independent cycling of the inversion, and the unit of visual 1x display of the recorded information is made in the form of the consequently connected register of the code of the feature, the first converter code - voltage and graphic devices display and a sequence of the third operative recording memory.  the device, the second converter code is a voltage, amplifier, mixer and recorder, the information output of the first random access memory is connected to the information input of the switch of the channel memory module, the control input of KOTopoix is connected to the third output of the control circuit, the fourth and fifth outputs of the last connected respectively to the control inputs of the second and third random access memory, and the third, fourth and fifth inputs are connected respectively to the outputs of the control register, register The forward lead and the first output of the operating mode control circuit, the input of which is connected to the third output of the timer, and the second output is connected to the first (1st micro-computer input, the second input of the nocvie is connected to the output of the channel memory module, and the third, fourth, n The sixth, seventh, and eighth outputs are connected respectively to the information input of the third operative sending device, to the inputs of the lead-time code register, control register, characteristic code register, channel gain code registers the south band detection channels, the output of which is connected to a first control input of a multichannel amplifier, a second control input of the latter connected to an output register circuit channel gain codes.  Such equipment allows the multichannel reception and recording of the results of seismoacoustic studies in digital form on a magnetic tape in the format of an EC computer in any selected frequency range or simultaneously in several frequency ranges of the resolution.  At the same time, information is formed on a magnetic tape that represents sequential channel-based sets of characteristic characteristics of the echo signals for each recorded reflection in the section along the current sounding cycle or a series of soundings, or sequential channel-based acoustic characteristics for the selected reflective acoustic boundaries.  The equipment, both makes it possible to visualize the recorded indicative characteristics of the echo signal and the acoustic characteristics of the section under study, allows controlling the dynamic and frequency range of recording according to any predetermined law in each sounding cycle, allows the processing of the recorded information using a single series of computers according to the method multi channel reception and processing of seismoacoustic information and algorithms for structural-lithologic separation of the section under study.  In the proposed equipment, the number of recorded channel does not depend on the operating frequency of the radiator.  FIG.  1 shows a functional diagram of an aptology for geological mapping in the waters; in fig.  2 is a temporary, equipment operation diagram. The equipment consists of a multi-channel amplifier 1, the information input of which is connected to the output of the multichannel receiving piezocos 2, the first and second control inputs are connected respectively to the outputs of the circuit 3 of frequency range code registers d. the channel and the channel amplification code 4 registers 4, and the information output are connected to the information input of the multichannel analog-digital converter 5, whose information output is connected to the information input of the first random access memory b, and the control input is connected to the second output of the control 7, the switch 8 of the channel memory module, the information output of which is connected to the second input of the micro-computer 9, the information input is connected to the information output of the first operational memory; The control input 6 is connected to the third output of the control circuit 7, the first, fourth and fifth outputs of which are connected respectively to the control inputs of the first random access memory 6, the second random access memory 10 and the third random access memory 11, and the first , the second, third, fourth and fifth inputs are connected respectively to the first output of timer 12, to the outputs of the circuit 13 of the channel registration delay registers, the control register 14, the forward code 15 and the first m output circuit 16 to control the operation mode, whose input is connected to the third output of the timer 12; register 17 of the code of the sign, the output of which is connected to the input of the first converter 18; the code is voltage and the input is co-. .  . dinene with the sixth output of micro-computers, first, second, third, fourth, fifth, seventh, eighth outputs of which are connected respectively to the inputs of the circuit 13 of the registers of the channel registration delay, with the information inputs of the second random access memory 1O and the third random access memory 11, with inputs of the lead-ahead code register 15, control register 14, channel gain code 4 registers, channel registration frequency range registers 3 registers, and the first input is connected to the second output of control circuit 16 mode of operation; the graphic display device 19, which is connected to the output of the primary converter 18, the voltage-to-voltage; digital magneto1X) registrar 20, the input of which is connected to the information output of the second random access memory 10; the second transducer 21 code is the voltage, the input of which is connected to the output of the third random access memory 11, the output is connected to the input of an usable mixer 22, the output of which is connected to the input of the recorder 23; the input of the timer 12 is connected to the output of the recorder 23, and the second output of the Timer is connected to the input of the radiating speaker system 24.  The time diagram of the equipment operation in the six-channel version (recording the information on the first, second and sixth channels as an example) indicates the signals 25, synchronization signals from the recorder, the time sequence of the timer signals 26, the start signal 27 of the emitting system microcomputer mode; signals 29-31, determining registration limits for the first, second and sixth channels, respectively; signals 32-34, determining the tracking time of the microcomputer amplification codes and frequency registration codes, respectively, for the first, second and sixth channels; signal 35, which determines the time of information output from the third random access memory; signals 36 38, which measure the processing time of cefcmoacoustic information recorded by the first, second, and sixth channels, respectively; signals 39 and 4О, which determine the transmission time of information. respectively, in the second and third operational storage devices; a signal 41 determining the time of calculation and transmission of the channel registration delay code to the delay registers of each channel; a signal 42 determining the transmission of the feature code to the graphic display device; Signal 43, which determines the computation and transmission of the damage code yrt to the lead prediction register.  The equipment works as follows.   The synchronization signals 25, coming from the output of the recorder 23 to the input of timer 12, start timer 12 and generate a time consistency of signals 26, which is fed from the first output of timer 12 to the first input of control circuit 7.  From the time sequence of the signals with a timer of ± 2, a start-up acoustic emitting signal is generated.  system 24 on the turn (yu sounding cycle, which comes from the second output of timer 12 to the input of the radiating acoustic. the system 24, and the control byte transfer signal 28, which is sent from the third output 12 to the input 16 of the operation control, On the transmission signal 28, the operating mode control circuit 16 from the second output sends to the first input of the microcomputer 9 a control byte that orients the operation program microcomputer 9 to perform a given mode of operation in accordance with the receipt of am. .  The use of a single byte of information mode for transmission of a code provides for the possibility of implementing 256 modes of equipment operation.  Simultaneously with the transfer of the control byte to the microcomputer 9, the mode code is supplied from the first output of the control mode 16 control mode to the fifth input of the control circuit 7, which prepares control series of signals to ensure the functioning of the hardware units in the selected mode.  The main control signals include the control series of signals that determine the selected quantization step for each channel, a series of signals in accordance with the selected quantization step, which determine the mode of recording information into the corresponding modules of the channel memory; and a series of control signals that determine the rate at which information is output from the third, random access memory 11. The microcomputer 9, having entered the mode code, exits standby mode, prepares the program for the preset mode and goes to; its implementation.  In this case, the operation of the equipment is carried out by the microcomputer 9 with a pszhuyuschiy register 14 of the control, to the input icoToporb in accordance with the program of operation from the fifth output of the microcomputer. 9, a control byte is received, defining the main meters (operating modes of the equipment).  The state of the control register 14 is decrypted by the control circuit 7, and the control byte is output from the control register 14 to the third input of the control circuit 7.  With psh, {by the micro mode, the received sequence of receiving, processing and transmitting information is carried out.  After receiving the control byte of the microcomputer 9, it goes into the control mode for receiving seismic information, while in accordance with the selected modes of operation and the method adopted during the period of the removal of the average signal duration of 32–34, Computer 9 from the seventh output to the input of the transmission g gain codes for each channel, which are received from the output of circuit 4 of the registers of the channel gain codes to the second control input of the multichannel amplifier 1, where the transfer ratio of the amplifier of each channel is controlled according to a given order of change.  As the law of change in the gain of the amplifier of each channel, any law of change can be chosen.  For example, according to the received sequence of echoes on each channel in the previous probe cycle, for the subsequent probe cycle, the expected arrival times of the echo signals can be selected and the optimal gain factors are calculated for them taking into account the dynamic characteristics of the analog-digital channel. tracking the gains for each channel of the microcomputer 9 over the course of the signals 32-34 performs transmission of the frequency range code values for each.  the registered channel, with the frequency range codes coming from the eighth output of micro-ЗВМ 9 to the input of the circuit 3 of the registers of the frequency bands of the channel registration, the output of which controls the frequency range of the registration of the amplifier of each channel according to the received code via the first control input multichannel amplifier 1; A received frequency band control scheme for each channel provides the ability to change the frequency band of the recording as in each cycle of zones during the current sounding cycle according to any preassigned law.  This provides the possibility of simultaneous reception of: and recording of seismic acoustic information both from the upper part of the geological section and from its deeper horizons with an appropriate choice of the operating mode of the radiating akuotic system 24.  The control circuit 7 is based on the time sequence of the timer signal 26 and the channel registration delay code values output from the circuit 13 of the channel registration delay registers to the second input of the control circuit 7

events generates signals 29–31 defining the registration limits for each channel. Based on these signals. In this case, the amplitude value of the radio pulse corresponds, for example, to one characteristic of the echo signal, and its operations form control series that, within the prescribed registration limits, arrive from the second and first outputs of the control circuit 7, respectively, to the control inputs of the multi-channel analog-digital converter 5 and the first operatively memory of the device 6. As a result, the seismic acoustic information received by the channel canal in a predetermined recording range, after amplification, of the frequency limit The analog and digital conversion is located in the RAM memory 6, the information of a separate channel is placed in the corresponding channel module, and the cycle of accessing the channel module when recording information does not depend on the cycle of accessing any other channel memory module of the first operational memory device. 6. Duration of signals 29 - 31 The limits of registration are determined by the volume of the channel memory module. Starting from the linear attenuation of acoustic energy in precipitation, the volume of the memory module of the memory can practically be limited to 2k-4k of 16-bit words. Based on time follower. The signals of timer 26 and the advance code values coming from the output of register 15 of the advance code to the fourth input of control circuit 7, the control circuit 7, generates a signal 35, which determines the output of information from the third operative memory 11. and the selected mode of operation, the control circuit 7 generates a sequence of output signals, which are fed from its fifth output to the control input of the third random access memory 11 and determine the mode, duration and MP output information. Information coming from the third operational storage. device 11, is converted into an analog signal using a second transducer & code generator - voltage 21, mixed with a sinusoidal voltage of 10 - 2O kHz using a mixer 22, and then in the form of radio pulses is fed to a recorder for forming an echogram, or graph ka displayed characteristics of the echo width - another display characteristics of the selected ()) axo-cHFvana. The output of the information from the third random access memory 11 goes simultaneously with the reception of the seismoacoustic ui & forgive into the first operative memory 6. After the registration and reception of the information in the first operative memory 6 of the microcomputer has been completed, the processing information is performed per channel. For this purpose, the microcomputer 9, using the control register 14 and the control circuit 7, sequentially connects to the second input of the microcomputer 9 via the switch 8 of the channel memory module of the required channel memory module of the first operational memory of the 1X device 6. Serial connection of the necessary the memory module is implemented using signals 36-38, which are fed from the third output of the control circuit 7 to the control input of the switch8 of the channel memory module. The duration of the signals 36-38 is determined by the time necessary for processing the micro-computer information of one channel. The processing algorithms are determined by the chosen processing method and mode, work and pursue their primary goal of expanding seismic-acoustic information in order to reduce its total volume and increase info {% (the activity of the recorded information. This processing procedure can consist of the operations of stratification, calculation of indicative the characteristics of the echo signal, the calculation of the acoustic characteristics of the section. In the course of performing the operation of stratification, the acoustic bounds are selected in the recorded sequence The spacings of the echoes in each cycle of sounding and the elimination of multiple reflections and signal disturbances. Yes, selected acoustic boundaries are formed sets of characteristic characteristics of the echo signals, and based on KOTOIHJX, the acoustic characteristics of the selected acoustic boundaries in the section can also be calculated during the processing. - Computer 9 proceeds to transfer the channel-based sets of indicative or acoustic characteristics for embedded acoustic boundaries to the second operational memory. structure 1O, with this. the information is received for a time determined by the duration of the signal 39 from the second output of the microcomputer 9 to the information input of the second operational e-memory device 10. During a series of probes in the second random access memory Yu, the information zone is formed the magnetic tape of the digital recorder 2O. After transmitting the information to the second random access memory, the microVM goes to the subroutine of the formation of the output array and supplying it to the third random access memory 11. During the operation of this subroutine, information is generated in the third operative storage device 11, which participates in the formation of either a punchline echogram or a graphic information of one of the two unique characteristics of the echo signal. In the indicative echogram, the recording width on the recorder's paper tape can correspond to one indicative characteristic, and the recording intensity - to another. In each sounding cycle at the channel-by-channel stage (Processing for the time determined by the duration of signals 36-38, an analysis is made of the dynamic characteristics of the received last & echoes of the echoes, the calculation of the expected echoes for the subsequent the probing cycle, the gain values for each selected interval are calculated, which in the subsequent cycle are used by the micro-computer 9 to control the gain of the channel amplifier. The spectral characteristics of the recorded echoes are calculated, then the information obtained can be used in the subsequent probe cycle to control the frequency range of the recording. Based on the arrival time of the echoes from the first layers for all the recorded channels, from y4eTON reception geometry and characteristics; , the microcomputer 9, during the time of the signal 41, soothes the retention time of the registration of each channel and transmits the time delay codes from the first output to the input to the charts 13 reg Channel registration support. After that, the microcomputer 9 performs transmission of the selected echo characteristic

to the graphic display device 19 / In this case, information is received during the time of the signal 42 from the sixth output of the microcomputer 9 to the input of the register 17 of the code of the sign from which s through the first converter 18 code i voltage is transmitted to the input of the device 19 graphic display. During the time of the signaling of the 43 micro-computer, 9 calculates the delay time of information output in the subsequent probe cycle. from the third random access memory 11 to a recorder 23. In delayed, m delays are calculated on the basis of the 15th scale of the generated echogram and the minimum value of the water column in the study area in order to ensure undistorted transmission of the geometric characteristics of the section for various 20

echogram scale and maximum use of recorder 23 recording field to display seismic acoustic information. The calculated value of the delay time at the end of the time interval 25 determined by the signal 43 comes from the% fourth output of the mid-computer 9 on. the input of register 15 of the lead code, after which the microcomputer 9 goes into standby mode of the next mode byte.

The use of the proposed equipment makes it possible to obtain information about the studied section using the technique of multichannel reception and processing of information during seismic acoustic studies in the water area in a wide frequency range, provides the opportunity

recording acoustic information simultaneously in several frequency ranges, which makes it possible to obtain information both on the upper part of the section and on its deep structure, which significantly increases the geological efficiency of the studies performed by increasing the information content. The equipment provides real-time frequency and dynamic ranges of the channel registration, allows for each selected acoustic boundary to choose the optimal amplification and filtering modes, which greatly improves the quality and reliability of the recorded information. The use of equipment provides an increase in the efficiency of both the preprocessing stage of seismic acoustic information and final processing using digital processing techniques.

The use of independent analog-digital channels in the proposed equipment with the modular arrangement of memory for each channel and an independent cycle of accessing the channel memory module greatly simplifies the channel control scheme, increases the reliability of the system as a whole and ensures the independence of the upper frequency limit of the equipment from the number of channels recorded. The equipment allows to obtain the maximum possible compaction of seismo-acoustic information coming from a multichannel receiving system.

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Claims (1)

APPARATUS FOR. GEOLOGICAL MAPPING AT AQUATORIES, containing a multi-channel receiving piezocet, a multi-channel amplifier and a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter with independent channels, the first random access memory device, the control input of which is connected to the first output of the control circuit, the second output of which is connected control input of a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter, and the first second inputs of the control circuit are connected respectively to the first output the timer and the output of the register registration delay circuit of the channel, the input of which is connected to the first output of the microcomputer, the second output of the latter is connected to the information input of the second random access memory, the output of which is connected to the input of the digital magnetic recorder emitting an acoustic system, the input of which is connected to the second output timer, the input of the latter is connected to the output of the unit for visual display of the registered information, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality by providing The ability to control the dynamic and frequency registration ranges of each channel, it additionally contains a circuit of register registers for the frequency range of channel registration, a circuit of registers of channel gain codes, a switch for a channel memory module, a control equation register, a lead code register and a control circuit operation mode, while the first random access memory is made in the form of separate memory modules for each channel with an independent access cycle, and the visual display unit is registered and The information is made in the form of a series-connected register of a feature code, a pen code-voltage converter and a graphic display device and series-connected third random access memory, a second code-voltage converter, amplifier-mixer and recorder, and the information output of the first random access memory is connected to the information input a channel memory module switch, the control input of which is connected to the third output of the control circuit, the fourth and the last outputs of the latter are connected respectively to the control inputs of the second and third random access memory devices, and the third, fourth and fifth WSOlOI ^lD TiS .1010584 inputs are connected respectively to the outputs of the control register, the lead code register and the first output of the operation mode control circuit, the input of which is connected to the third output of the timer, and the second output is connected to the first input of the microcomputer, the second input of the latter is connected to the output of the switch channel memory module, and the third, fourth,. the fifth, sixth, and seventh and eighth outputs are connected respectively to the information input of the third random access memory, to the inputs of the lead-forward code register, control register, register of feature codes, channel gain code register registers, channel registration frequency code register registers, the output of which is connected to the first control input of the multichannel amplifier, the second control input of the latter is connected to the output of the channel gain code register circuit.