SU1007160A1 - Stabilized thyratron electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

1. STABILIZED VENTILATION ELECTRIC MOTOR containing a rotor, with a stator with a hull 51kor, the phases of which are connected to the semiconductor output of the switch, whose control key circuits are connected to the output of the rotor position sensor, frequency setting unit, tachometer AC device connected via a comparator and amplifier with the supply circuit of the rotor position, forming a negative feedback circuit, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy, the amplifier is implemented as a linear impulse attenuator owls. eight

Description

2. The motor according to claim 1, that is to say that the linear pulse extender is designed as an operational amplifier, the negative feedback circuit of which contains a chain of parallel connectors

the capacitor and the first diode connected in series with the second diode, the common point of the first and second diodes is connected via the third diode, and non-inverted input of the operational amplifier through a resistor with a source of direct voltage.

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to special electric machines, and can be used in the development of systems for frequency-controlled rotation of a non-contact electric drive with a source of direct current electricity.

Known with-stabilized valve electric motors (VD), Equipped with a reference master oscillator and logic device. In this device, the motor rotates synchronously with the frequency of the master oscillator, and with the possibility of perturbing factors

ka part of the device performs pulse-width control for example

.nk on the root winding as a function of the phase mismatch GZ-1

The implementation of a high accuracy of stabilization of the rotational speed was achieved through the use of a precision master oscillator, which leads to a significant complication of the VD, an increase in its size and cost.

The closest in technical terms and problem to the invention is a stabilized valve motor containing a rotor, a stator with a winding core, sections of which are connected to the output of a semiconductor switch, the control key circuits of which are connected to the output of the rotor position sensor, frequency rotation speed setting device, tachometer device rejvjeHHoro current, connected through a comparator amplifier with a power coupling of a rotor position sensor (DPR), forms a negative feedback circuit 12.

 VD has high reliability, is quite simple in execution, but has a non-direct accuracy of stabilization, due to the presence in the control unit of the conductor rectifier and the RCtrpra, the parameters of which vary

within wide limits when the temperature of the environment varies.

The purpose of the invention is to control the accuracy of the stabilization of the rotation frequency of the VD.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a stitched valve motor containing a rotor, a stator with a winding core, sections of which are connected to the output of a semiconductor switch,

the control circuits of the keys of which are connected to the output of the rotor position sensor, the rotational speed setting device, the tachometer AC device connected via a comparator and usi;

A power supply circuit of the ro-chorero position sensor, forming a negative feedback circuit, the amplifier is designed as a linear expander. In this case, the linear pulse expander may be implemented in the form of an operational amplifier, the negative feedback circuit of which contains a chain of a parallel-connected capacitor and the first diode, connected

successively with the second diode, the common point of the first and second diodes is connected via the third diode, and the non-inverting input of the operating terminal through the resistor is connected to a constant voltage source.

FIG. 1. A schematic of a stabilized VD is presented; per kg, 2 - time diagrams of his work; elements, where Oy is the control voltage, 6 is the back electromotive force, induced in the core section, U7 is the input voltage of the comparator, and is the voltage at the output of the first time delay amplifier, Ug is the time delay output voltage, U is the voltage on the root winding of an electric machine.

DC power supply 1, electric machine 2 synchronous tiita, a magnetoelectric switch 3, switch 4, photoelectric sensor 5 of the position of the DPR rotor, control voltage source 6, comparator 7, time delay 8, contactless key 9 ... Stabilized VD Sobay electromechanical device, consisting of a conventional HP and a frequency stabilizer. For definiteness, the device operation is described as a three-phase VD containing a synchronous type electric machine 2, with a rotating inductor 3 and a root coil on the stator, a contactless switch 4 and a photoelectric DPR of Phase A, B, C of the hunt root connected to a three-beam star and connected between the pole of power supply 1 and the outputs of transistor switches 10-12, switch 4. A photoelectric DPR consists of. three sensitive elements 13-15 and a disk with slot. The disk is mounted on the electric machine shaft, and the LED and photodiode, which form the sensing element, are fixed relative to the stator from different sides of the disk at the slot level. Sensitive elements 13-15 are located on a circle through geometrical degrees relative to each other. The number of slotted on the disk is equal to the number of pole pairs f) of the inductor. The slot width is D geometric degrees, here YY - the number of phases of the electric machine. The LEDs are connected in series by the conductive direction and connected to the power supply pole via a non-turn key 9. A photodiode of the sensing element, for example, 14, is connected between the power supply pole and the BXcJi house of the transistor switch 11 in the locking direction. The cocTit rotary frequency stabilizer is made of a voltage-voltage comparator 7, a time delay 8, and a contactless switch 9 connected in series. The device uses comparator circuits and a time delay, which are a linear pulse expander built on operational amplifiers. The comparator is made on one amplifier with open-loop feedback. The time delay is on two amplifiers 16 and 17 connected in series. The first amplifier 16 is covered by a nonlinear negative feedback, consisting of three diodes and 18-2 O and a capacitor 21. Two diodes 18 and 19 are connected in series and are connected between the output and the input of the amplifier in the conducting direction. The common point of the diodes is connected to the point of the amplifier through the third diode 2O, not by the output of the amplifier through the capacitor. The second amplifier is used with open loop. connection and fulfills the function of polarity of voltage. The contactless switch is made on the switchable transistor of conductivity p L p in the circuit according to the scheme with a common emitter. The input transistor circuit is connected to the time delay output via a current limiting resistor, and the output circuit is connected to series-connected LEDs via a ballast resistor 22. The direct comparator input is connected to the core winding section (phase C) i power voltage 6. The amplifiers can be powered from a dc source or voltage converter. Stabilized VD works in a barely blowing manner. When the device is turned on, a control voltage of positive polarity is applied to the 1a folding input of the comparator. Potential stress. at the direct input of the comparator is zero. The voltage of the test polarity from the KoMnapaTojja codec is fed to the input of the time delay and appears at the output of the latter with a small delay. The output time delay opens a contactless key. Through an open contactless key, the LEDs of the DPR sensitive elements are connected to a power source. The magnitude of the current flowing to the worm of the LED is limited by the ballast resistor 22. The emitted LED and the flux of infrared radiation through a slot in the disk irradiates one of the photodiodes, for example, the sensing element 15, depending on the initial position of the HP rotor. The resistance of the LED decreases sharply, and the transistor switch 11 of the switch opens with a current flowing through it. Phase 51kornaya winding connects the k power source. It flows in such a way that interacts with the field of the inductor, drives the VD rotor into the rotator 1 dyukein. During the rotation of the VD LEDs alternately the photodiodes of the sensitive elements 13-15 due to the rotation associated with the shaft of the electric machine of a slot with a slot The corresponding switch transistor switches connecting the sections of the core winding to the power source. The position of the DPR sensitive elements relative to the stator of the electric machine is adjusted so that when the section is turned on into a working state {the developed torque of the section becomes maximum. Under the influence of the torque, that VD accelerates. In phase C, a sinusoidal back emf is applied to the crust winding, which is applied to the forward input of the comparator. As long as the amplitude of the counter-electromotive force is less than the magnitude of the control voltage, the rotational frequency synchronizer will be in the initial state. Upon reaching a predetermined rotational speed of the VD, the amplitude of the positive polarity of the back electromotive force is compared and begins to exceed the level of the control voltage. At the moments when the control voltage is exceeded between the inputs of the comparator, the polarity of the voltage changes. The comparator switches and a positive polarity signal is applied to the time delay input. Under the action of a triggering signal, a time delay capacitor 21 is charged across the circuit: the output of the amplifier 16, the capacitor 21 and the diode 20. The charge current of the capacitor li limits with an output resistance R ft. | amplifier 16. When the capacitor is charged, the voltage at the outputs of the amplifiers changes its sign, which causes the contactless key to be locked and the VD disconnected from the power supply (the LEDs are de-energized, the switch's transistor keys are closed). At the end of the overshoot process, the comparator switches to the initial state, and the time delay causes the contactless key to lag. In the time delay, the charge of the capacitor 21 is replaced by the discharge that occurs in the integrated mode) of the amplifier 16. The discharge time of the capacitor 21 (the time delay of the time base) is determined by the ratio of the accumulated charge O of the capacitor to its discharge current ip. After a delay of 606, the contactless key is turned on and the VD is connected to a power source. In the next period of rotational frequency of the inductor floor, a similar process occurs again, which differs by the fact that, due to the continued acceleration of the VD, the amplitude of the back emf and the duration of its increase over the control voltage increase, which leads to an increase in the time delay and de-energizing the core winding section. Quantitatively, this process can be expressed as follows. Duration of discharge yes the capacitor 21 time delay is equal. UR where-b is the duration of exceeding the ccp of the contra-electromotive force over the control voltage; - power supply voltage of the amplifiers. The duration of the disconnection to the VD from the power source is composed of the durations of the charge Ca and the discharge tp of the capacitor 21. RBX, t "4l.ri .., Lp-bt T The recorded process is a periodic function of the frequency of rotation of the inductor field T. therefore, in relative units, this ratio will take the form of r- (i.) output / Q value is called the duty cycle of the pulse-width modulation of the voltage on the core winding and represents the process of adjusting the supply high-voltage voltage while the rotation frequency is stabilized. In the process of increasing the duration of the VD disconnection, its torque decreases and an equilibrium of the torque torque occurs with the load moment at which the rotor is electrically rotated by the machine rotates at a constant frequency equal to the given one. When fluctuations of the load or voltage of the power source of the VD, there is a slight change in the rotation frequency and amplitude of the back emf, which causes the re-calculation of the duty cycle voltage on the core winding to compensate for the disturbance of their factors.

The device provides vysoky accuracy of stabilization of the frequency-rotation of the VD due to the possibility of real zashga high gain K in the circuit of pulse-width, voltage regulation, 5 defined multiples of the input resistance to its output.

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SBWX

For real; Darsti) simrgo in device

gain factor (). the rotational speed of the VD. OT iositelnogo set at fluctuations of the load from idling.to the nominal. Is the largest; less than one tenth of a percent:

 i. X

fn t G OIC, l 6)% 0.1% ,. . I 1. .... 20

In addition, the device is weakly influenced by ambient temperature due to the connection of a controlled circuit (weed winding section). directly to the input of the comparator. In izvest Similar devices in this process include a semiconductor rectifier, and a DC filter, which have a low temperature. stability ...

The action of the loop to stabilize the VD is determined by the high speed setting, due to the discreteness of the measurement of the monitored rotational speed (counter electromotive force ceKuim). When 1 speed is needed, the device speed can & 1 be improved by applying a comparative connection to m CGKHHSIX core winding or by using a multi-pole alternating current tacho generator as a speed sensor. The stabilized DD pele is appropriately used as a hydraulic engine of power gyroscopes used in astronautics for the orientation of satellites in stations. The high-precision stabilization of the ixyncHpa rotational speed of the hydraulic motor achieved allows us to use the simplest hydraulics-based hydro-stabilizer system in the design and circuitry of these devices in these devices.

The best effect is expected from the use of the device in electric drives of the tape drive mechanisms of the equipment of the 6s rroro application, as in a tape cassette recorder. By improving the stability of the tape drive mechanism, the quality of recording and reproducing phonograms is improved. - the main indicator of the class of equipment. Consequently, it is possible to carry out the installation of higher-class hardware, without significant structural changes previously released.

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Claims (2)

1. STABILIZED FAN MOTOR, containing a rotor, a stator with armature winding, the phases of which are connected to the output of a semiconductor switch, the control key circuits of which are connected to the output of the rotor position sensor, a rotational speed controller, an alternating current tachometer device connected through a comparator and an amplifier to the power circuit rotor position sensor, forming a negative feedback circuit, characterized in that, in order to improve accuracy, the amplifier is made in the form of a linear pulse expander owls + O ' ^and n Figure 1 2. The electric motor according to π. 1, regarding τη and the fact that the linear pulse expander is made in the form of an operational amplifier, the negative feedback circuit of which contains a chain of parallel-connected capacitor and first diode connected in series with the second diode, a common point of the first and the second diode is connected through the third diode, and non-inverting the input of the operational amplifier through a resistor with a constant voltage source.