SU1002134A1 - Apparatus for two-side working of optical parts with curvilinear surfaces - Google Patents

Description

that, in the threading of which the groove is in section, perpendicular to its o.si, additional tools, made in the form of balls, are installed. In addition, the first tool is fixed inside the gear, which engages with the wide gear kinematically connected with the second JTM tool, on which two semi-nuts, having threads of different directions / connecting threads on the outer surface, with an additional nut, one of a semi-nut is connected by a gear with the possibility of rotation relative to it.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the device; in fig. 2 section A-A in FIG. 1 | in fig. 3, 4 are diagrams explaining the influence of the direction of the axial force (loading} on the kinematics of shaping.

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The device consists of workers

tools 1, separator 2, additional tool 3, made in the form of a multiple screw 3, the number of entries which corresponds to the number of tools 1 and the sockets of the separator 2, simultaneously machined parts 4, tool cylinders 5 and b, connected to each other by means of projections and depressions, performed on facing each other. The cylinders 5 and b have an internal working surface, the radius of curvature of which in the axial plane corresponds to the radius of curvature of the outer surface of the part 4. The gear 7 engages with the gear 8, which rotates from the engine 9, through the variator 10. The device has an oscillation mechanism, made in the form of a gear 11, connected with a nut 12, having right and left threads and connecting with corresponding threaded sections of semi-nuts 13 and 14. The tool cylinders 5 and b are fixed relative to gear 7. with the key 15, and axially with the help of the locking ring 16. The gear 11 is fixed relative to the nut 12 with the key 17 and the locking rings 18 and 19. The faces of the semi-nuts 13 and 14 facing each other are fitted with springs 20. The gear 7 and the semi-nut 14 have the ability to rotate relative to each other and are fixed axially with the help of a locking ring 21. Wear-resistant gaskets 22 are installed between the tool cylinders 5 and b.

The device works as follows.

When the engine 9 is rotated, the multiple-set screw 3 rotates from. whose rotation through the variator

10 is transmitted to gear 8. When. from the screw 3, the working tools 1 (balls) rotate and the machined parts 4 have with separator 2, tool cylinders 5 and b, gear 7, and together with semi-nuts 13 and 14, additional nut 12 and gear 11 move in axial direction with speed depending on the pitch of the screw thread 3. In this case, in any axial position, the gear 7 rotates at different speeds set by the variator 10. Thus, the machined part 4 performs complex movement around the axis of the screw 3 together

with tools 1 (balls j and axial movement. The rotation of balls 1 relative to the inner workable surface 4 provides for the formation of an internal spherical surface. The outer spherical surface of the part 4 is formed by rotating it around

own axis of symmetry and the presence of contact in a curvilinear manner;

5 and b. The rotation of the part around its own axis of symmetry occurs due to the force zag / woven tool 1 from one of the working surfaces of the screw threads of the screw 3. Such a one-sided force tag is provided when the gear rotates

11 in one direction or another. In this case, the additional nut 12 connected with it ensures that the half-hubs 13 move closer or away from each other.

and 14. Last, moving in the axial direction, acts on the gear 7, which in turn affects the working tool cylinders 5 or b, displacing the workpiece and with them the tools in one direction or another, pressing the latter to one or the other the working side of the screw thread grooves 3. I

FIG. 3, 4 shows the change

the direction of rotation of the workpiece 4 with respect to its own axis of rotation when the direction of the axial force a is changed, providing a change in the contact angle tsi. The latter leads to a change in the position and direction of the vectors of angular velocities of the tools 1 (3). This leads to a change in the direction of the angular velocity vectors of the parts being machined (Co) with the constant direction of the angular velocity of the screw 3 (, Cug). Moving the tool cylinders 5 and

Claims (3)

6, see FIG. 3) leads to a force closure of the screw 3, tools 1/4 and cylinders 5, so that the transfer of force at an angle d leads to a redistribution of pressure in the zone of contact of the balls 1 with the inner surface of the parts 4. At the same time the rotation of the balls 1 occurs in the direction determined by the direction of the vector w Such an uneven distribution; pressure in the presence of rotation of the balls 1 with the speed Id causes the workpieces of parts to rotate relative to their sigdmetry axes. The rotation of the tools 5 and 6 together with the gear 7 provides the intensification of the process of processing the outer surface of the parts 4 and the alignment of speeds in the contact zones. When cylinders 5 and b are moved from left to right (Fig. 4), the angle of contact of the cap ats is due to the fact that a force closure occurs when the right working sections of the threads of the screw 3 are in contact with the tool 1. This causes a change in the direction of the axes of their rotation {see, fig. 3, 4). In this case, the pressures in the contact zone are redistributed in such a way that the angles of rotation of the rotation IaX parts Id change their direction to the opposite. Thus, the rotational motion of the workpiece is provided around their symmetry with a constant direction of rotation of the screw 3. The period of such movement depends on the frequency of the return-rotational movement of gear 11, which can be driven by rotating gear 7 using an additional device (. shown). The limitation of the axial movement is made, for example, by limit switches (not shown), which provide reversing of the electric motor 9. Upon completion of the treatment, gear 7 moves from right to left until it leaves the screw with the screw thread 3 of ball 1. Their further movement in this direction occurs over the outer surface of a cylindrical SLEEVE (not shown), the outer diameter of which is equal to the inner diameter of the threaded grooves 3. After moving along the surface of the cylindrical sleeves by an amount greater the diameters of the balls 1, the rotation of the screw 3 is stopped, the locking ring 16 is removed and the tools 5 and 6 together with the key 15, the parts 4, the separator 2, the balls 1 are removed from the gear 7. After that, the tool disks 5 and 6 are removed, the parts 4 removed from the holes of the separator 2. If necessary, the replacement of tools 1 is carried out, a new treatment batch is installed. washable parts 4 in the orifice holes 2. Instrument cylinders 5 and b are connected and installed in gearman 7. After that, they are fixed relative to the ester 7 in the axial direction with the help of the ring 16. Then the balls 1 are aligned with the corresponding screw grooves of the screw 3, and the process is repeated. The combination of the balls 1 with the screw grooves of the screw 3 can be ensured by fixing-. the angular position of the separator 2 relative to the screw 3 (the cylindrical sleeve, not shown). During processing, the separator 2 is based on the outer surface of the screw. 3. The selection of the gaps in the threaded connection of the semi-nuts 13 and 14 with the screw 3 and the semi-nuts 13 and 14 with the additional nut 12 is done with the spring 20. The proposed device provides simultaneous group processing of the curvilinear surfaces of the parts. The multi-axis rotation of the balls relative to the surface to be machined due to the oscillating axial movement of the tool cylinders contributes to the even running-in (wear) of their entire spherical surface, which contributes to a longer preservation of the size and shape of the balls. The axial movement of the cylinders together with the parts also contributes to the redistribution of pressure in the areas of contact of the balls with the working grooves of the additional tool (the screw), which leads (by analogy with a rolling bearing or a rolling screw mechanism) to change the contact angle by 90 °, t, e, to a change in the direction of rotation of the ball (to 1 change in the position of its angular velocity vector in space). The latter provides a periodic change in the direction of rotation of the workpiece with respect to their axes of symmetry with a frequency equal to the oscillation frequency of the working cylinders. This, in turn, ensures the intensification of the process of fine-tuning and an increase in the uniformity of removal of all machining of its surfaces of parts. By selecting the rotational and translational velocities of the cylinders and the geometrical parameters of the additional tool screw, it is possible to provide the processing of the required quality in one pass along the screw. In this case, the process is not only easy to fully automate, but also convenient for integration into an automated line. Additional tools (balls can be made by the method of powder metallurgy with the equipment of a working surface with diamond powder, which will increase the cutting ability and preserve them during processing, the invention Formula for two-sided processing of optical parts with curved surfaces placed in a separator between working tools, one of which is made with a curvilinear working surface and the others in the form of balls located in the grooves of an additional tool connected with the ohm rotation, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity and quality of processing, it is equipped with a gear wheel mounted with the possibility of axial movement by it concentric with an additional tool made in the form of a multiple-thread screw connected to the rotational drive and the carrier fixedly fixed inside it the first working tool , made in the form of two cylinders with a common internal curvilinear generatrix, interlocking the ends by means of protrusions and depressions, as well as an osts mechanism, illustrating the first tool This, made in the form of half-nuts located on an additional tool with threads of different directions, connected by a nut connected to the drive, while one of the gears is installed in the gear-wheel with the possibility of rotation relative to it. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate in application no. 3257600/08, cl. B 24 B 13/00, 1981. rff ffC6 0ift, J ffc6 fff / ma (Piff.