SU1001957A1 - Extractor - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to devices for carrying out an extraction process from a solid material with an elastic or fibrous structure of particles prone to Swelling, retaining its structure during mechanical pressing, for example, for extracting enzymes from surface culture of the fungus, nutrients from plant raw materials and .P. The constructions of horizontal sectional blades of extractors with ladle devices for transferring material from one section to another are known. They contain a horizontal sludge inclined cylindrical body with a conveyor head mounted along its axis. The body is divided by horizontal partitions into a series of consecutive sections. The overload of the solid phase from one section to another is carried out using a system of blades of various configurations (5b) EXTRACTOR of the radio set, which are mounted on the shaft and rotate with it l. Rotating perforated blades pick up the material and raise it above the liquid level. In this case, an excess amount of solvent is drained by free drainage back to the phase contact zone. In the upper position, the mass of the material is poured over the beveled surface of the blade through the window or the upper edge of the partition into the next section of the extractor. The advantage of these devices is a clear sectioning of the contact zone, which provides a slight longitudinal mixing However, the absence of intermediate extraction of the solid phase from the solvent reduces their effectiveness during operation on products with elastic or fibrous structure, prone to bulging. In this case, it is difficult to get rid of excess

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the liquid phase only due to its free drainage from solid material requires mechanical action in order to extract the mass from the solvent. The technical solution closest to the invention in terms of design and effect achieved is an extractor for solid-fluid systems containing a horizontal cylindrical body, in which the reloading and squeezing bucket, retarding partition and cylinder guide are located along the entire width of the section with adjoining side edges to both vertical partitions. The guide cylinder is made with an annular slot for the passage of levers, and the inclined wall is mounted on a hinge so that it can rotate around a horizontal axis, which makes it possible to change the performance of the overloading device by changing the inclination of the side wall using G.

The disadvantage of this construction is the possibility of a single force impact on the solid material when pressing above the liquid level and overloading in each section, which may be insufficient when working with elastic materials that have dead-end or air-filled pores in their structure.

The aim of the invention is to intensify the process by repeatedly compressing the material below the liquid level in each section.

For this, a solid-liquid system extractor contains a horizontal cylindrical body, vertical partitions installed in the body and dividing it into sections, a guide cylinder with annular slots made coaxially installed in the body, reloading bins with inclined hinged arms vertical partitions between wall sections, a horizontal shaft with levers placed along the axis of the body inside the guide cylinder separating from the inner surface of the body of drains zhno-squeezing channel reloading ladles pivoting brake conductive plates disposed in drenazhnootzhimnom channel and loading device and vggruzki materials provided

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additional braking swivel plates, and in the lower part of the guide cylinder there are windows made, in which additional braking swivel plates are installed radially

In addition, the additional braking rotary plates are made L-shaped with cylindrical and radial sections,

Figo shows a longitudinal section of the extractor; FIG. 2 is a section A-A; FIG. one.

The extractor consists of a housing 1,

divided into successive sections 2 with the help of vertical partitions 3. A horizontal shaft A is mounted along the axis of the body. Sectioning partitions 3 are coaxially

A guide cylinder 5 is attached to the housing 1, which together with the housing and partitions 3 forms an annular drainage-extraction channel 6. The upper part of the guide cylinder is joined to the side wall of the hopper 7, which serves to overload the solid phase from one section to another. Inclined wall 8 of the hopper is mounted on a hinge with the possibility of

rotation around the horizontal axis using the handle E, which allows you to change the performance of the reloading device during operation of the device device

On the horizontal shaft with the help of levers 10 reloading buckets 11, located inside the working space of drainage channels, are strengthened. The bucket wall and the guide cylinder are perforated or

made in the form of sieves providing

drain the liquid phase from the drainage channel back to the contact zone

sections.

A tangential gap 12 is provided at the place of attachment of the lever to the shaft, which allows the levers to mix with the buckets circumferentially relative to the shaft k. Guides 13 are installed on the back wall of the buckets, which consist of a tangential holding section, a sloping reduction section and a radial sharp lifting section.

Claims (2)

In the upper part of the apparatus, in front of the bunker on the axis lA, a braking partition 15 is hinged, which is kept in its initial radial position by means of a torsion spring 1b. The braking partition, the guide cylinder and the reloading bucket are located across the entire width of the section by connecting the side edges to both vertical partition henry cities 3-. For the passage of bucket levers in the guide cylinders 5, annular slots 17B are provided in the contact area below u (the fluid in the guide cylinder 5 is provided with OKHia 18, in which braking swivel plates (partitions) of various modifications 19 and 20 are installed, thanks to what is the possible mechanical effect on the material in the fluid layer? The brake partitions installed in the fluid layer are kept in the initial position with the help of a torsion spring 21? The extractor works as follows: The solid raw material is loaded In the first section, along the solid phase, it is immersed in the solvent and comes into intensive contact with buckets 11, which are impaired with shaft shaft. When the bucket moves, the material is in the spin chamber below the liquid level, in the contact chamber of the extractor formed by the walls of the reloading and squeezing bucket, the drainage channel and successively inhibiting partitions 20 and 19 There is a repeated intense force on the internal structure of the solid phase in the contact zone of the apparatus, as a result of which the pores of the material, freed from liquid, are refilled with liquid. This results in the circulation of the solvent in the pores of the solid material freed from trapped air, which dramatically increases the internal mass transfer rate. After repeatedly pressing the material below the liquid level, the solid material is picked up by the bucket and rises above the liquid level in the drainage channel 6. At the bottom of the drainage - the withdrawal channel is the free flow of fluid from the mass through the perforation of the bucket and the cylinder 5 back to the extractor section. Upon further movement of the bucket, the material appears in the spin chamber between the walls of the reloading and squeezing bucket, drainage and squeezing channel and retarding partition 15. Here too there is an intense force on the internal structure of the particles, at the same time the material is released from excess liquid phase before overloading into the second section The amount of pressure on all pressing devices can be adjusted during operation using a spring 15 Overcoming the resistance of the partition 15, the bucket together with the material the scar moves to the unloading position. Since the guide cylinder is absent here, the material falls down under the action of gravity. Part of the solid mass falls back into the contact section, and part is cut off by the rotary inclined wall 8 of the bunker 7 and is reloaded into the next section. entirely determined by the inclination of the wall 8, which can be changed using the handle 9 during the operation of the extractor. Thus, during the stay in each section, the solid material is repeatedly zhimaets mode immersion in the solvent, which leads to a substantial increase in internal mass transfer rate by removing entrapped cart. spirit inside the pores and increase the efficiency of the extractor. When material is transferred from one section to another, the solid phase passes a spinning stage under the liquid level, and part of the material can be returned back to the previous section to further extract the target components due to the possibility of adjusting the performance of the bucket. Unshakable loading of the material from the bucket is facilitated by its shaking, which occurs due to the interaction of the brake barrier 15 and the guide 13. When the bucket moves with the material to the unloading position, the lower edge of the partition 15 slides along: the upper horizontal section of the guide. to shake the bucket in a position where the guide cylinder 5 is missing. 710 of the septum presses on the bucket, as a result of which, for estimates of the tangential gap at the point of attachment to the shaft, it moves forward. Then, the partition 15 slides off the inclined section and hits the guide in the area of its sharp rise. There is a sharp movement of the bucket back. In the next section, the solid and liquid phases are re-operated, the solid mass is repeatedly dug in the contact zone, as well as in the drainage channel and the overload into the next section. The solvent is fed to the last section and flows countercurrently to solid raw materials from one section to another through perforations s of the partitioning partitions 3 and is removed from the first section of the extractor. Thus, the proposed sectional blade extractor improves the efficiency of the extraction process by repeatedly compressing the material below the liquid level. Claims 1. A solid-liquid system extractor, a liquid containing horizontal cylindrical body, vertical partitions mounted in the body and dividing it into sections that guide the cylinder with ring slots made therein, coaxially mounted in the body, reloading bins with inclined hinged walls mounted on vertical partitions between sections, a horizontal shaft with levers placed along the axis of the body inside the guide cylinder separating from the inner surface and housing drainage-extraction channel, overloading buckets with braking rotary plates, located in the drainage-extraction channel, and devices for loading and unloading of materials, so that, in order to intensify the process due to multiple compression of the material below the liquid level in each section, it is equipped with additional braking swivel plates, and in the lower part of the guide cylinder there are windows in which additional braking swivel plates 2 are installed radially. Claim 1 of n and m chayuschiys in that the additional brake Suitable rotary plates are L-shaped with cylindrical and radial portions. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Patent of Germany No. 1256193, class 12 from 1, 1967. 2. USSR author's certificate If 829127, class „В 01 D 11/00, 1979. f8  -. 0eff. yy  go fS rff // rj ff Fefg.