SU1000A1 - Device to selectively call telephones - Google Patents

Description

In the proposed device, the goal is to selectively force one apparatus included in the common circuit, and to simultaneously call all the devices or call the devices in groups, with all the calls being made only electrically.

FIG. 1 and 2 are diagrams of the case when the number of stations is 12. Each telephone set consists of two polarized relays R and connected in series between one of the line wires and ground. The anchor of these relays is equipped with two grounded contacts. Each station is called by successively sending two currents to the line in the order defined for the given station. In the following, each station will be designated by the combination of successive currents by which it can be called. For example: the station call - {- LI - LI (Fig. 2) is made by sending a positive current first to LI and then a negative current to the same LI. The call station-j-Zi-LO (FG. 3) is achieved by first sending a positive current

in LI, then negative current in Lo and t, d.

The operation of the entire device takes place in such a way that each device performs its beneficial action (oscillation of the bell hammer) only with its own combination of currents. All the other devices at the same time either remain completely at rest, or give only a single (fender) blow of the hammer on the bell of the bell.

Suppose a positive current is sent to the wire Lj (Fig. 1) from some station. The current will pass through the winding of the polarized relay JR - core 1 - contact I - into the ground. Since the relay operates at a positive current (at a negative current, it remains at rest), measles 1 will begin to be attracted and contact 1 will be interrupted, as a result of which the polarized relay turns on (before contact I breaks it has been shunted). From switching on the winding, the movement of the core 1 does not change, since the relay operates only at a negative current, and at a positive current it remains at rest. Come on, measles 1 closes

contact II, the winding is switched off again, which does not affect the attraction of the core 1. Thus, while a positive current flows through the LI wire, the measur 1 is in the pull state. After that, a negative current is sent to the LI wire, in which there can be two cases: at the time of this second current sending, the measles 1 is between contacts I and II or the measles 1 has time to close contact II (returning core 1 to contact I, i.e. the initial position is excluded as the manipulator makes it possible to make the duration of the break between the two currents very insignificant). In the first case, the current will pass through the ground. As a result, only the relay will act, while the measurable 1, attracted by the latter, will continue its initial motion until contact II closes. At this point, the winding will be shunted and measles 1 will begin to move backwards. Contact II is interrupted, the winding W is turned on again, measles 1 will begin to attract again, and so on.

In the second case, that is, when the measles 1 has already managed to close the contact II, the negative current sent to Zj will pass through J - measles 1 - contact II-into the ground. The relay / will not act, and measles 1 will begin to retreat, as a result of which it will turn on, which position has already been considered above. Therefore, sequentially sending two currents in the order of - LI gives the required effect in the -1-Zi -LI device. Conversely, if the currents were sent in a different order, for example: in the combination Za - Ly or - Z, -jZ., Or - {- Z2 -Zj, or-Z ,, -ZI, TO the device would remain in complete rest, and with a combination of, say, -jA -ЬА) in general, with a combination where one of the currents is included in the initial combination of currents of a given station, the device would have given only a single (chisel) stroke.

Another embodiment of the device for one of the instruments for 12 stations is shown in FIG. 2. The principle is the same as in FIG. 1, only instead of two electromagnets, one is taken with two windings Y and, moreover, this electromagnet, as polarized, operates only at a certain direction of current, indicated by an arrow.

According to the schemes of FIG. 1 and 2, all 12 devices can be constructed, which will differ from each other only in the way they are included in the line.

In hell, in FIG. 1A is a diagram of the case when the number of stations turned on is 12, with one of these 12 stations being shown: -J- Zj - Z2, i.e. this device only calls when a positive current is sent to Zj first direction, and then in L., the current of the negative direction. For this purpose, a polarized relay J is applied with three windings (upper, middle and lower), with core 1 to contacts I and II. The operation takes place as follows: when a positive current is sent to Zj, the latter will pass through the lower winding into the ground and, moreover, in such a direction that measles 1 will begin to attract. Such a state will continue all the time while the indicated current will circulate in Zj, and therefore in the lower winding, then a negative direction current is sent to Zg, in which there can be two cases: at the moment of the second sending of current, measles 1 is between contacts I and II, or contact II has already managed to close. In the first case, the current will go only through the middle winding in the direction indicated by the arrow; which will cause measles 1 to be attracted, i.e., to continue its initial movement towards pin II, which will eventually close. But as soon as contact II closes, the upper winding of relay R turns on, and then the current will flow in the middle and upper windings of the relay in two mutually anti-polar directions, as a result of which measles 1 will begin to retreat to its original position, and contact II will be interrupted. However, when contact II is interrupted, the upper winding is turned off, as a result of which measles 1 is attracted again, etc. In other words, as long as the negative current continues to be sent to Z, measles 1 will oscillate.

In the second case, i.e., when measles 1 at the moment of sending a negative current

in LZ, it has already managed to close contact 11, the current will first pass through the middle and upper windings of the relay R in two opposite directions, as a result of which measles 1 will begin to retreat, contact I will interrupt, etc., i.e. the position already considered us above. Therefore, sequentially sending two currents in the order - | -1-1 - LZ forces the device to ring the same name. Conversely, if the currents were sent in a different combination, then the device — the L-2 — would either have remained completely alone, or it would have given only a one-time (breakaway) blow.

According to FIG. 1 A, 8 devices out of 12 can be designed, namely, those devices which require sequential sending of currents to both wires of the line to call. Between themselves, all these 8 devices will differ only in the way they are connected to the line.

The remaining four devices (out of 12), which are called to be called, require the sequential sending of two currents of different directions to one of the line wires, are constructed according to the scheme of FIG. 2A, at which station -j-i-i -L is given. The principle of the device here is the same as in FIG. 1D, only the above three windings are not placed in one electro-magnet, but in two. In all other respects, all the preceding arguments would have to be repeated.

FIG. 3 given the case when the number of all stations is 36, here is the device whose call rings when sequentially sending three currents in the order - Lj - {- Lj - L ,. The circuit of FIG. 3 repeats the same scheme of FIG. 2, to which a polarized relay R has been added. Before this last takes effect, which requires sending a negative current to LI, the R RI relay cannot take effect, since both its windings are bypassed. After the interruption of the contact IV, which is the result of the action of the relay R, the relay RRi (from sending a positive current LI) can take effect. As a result of the action of the RR-i relay, contacts 111 (core 1 is isolated) and / are interrupted. The interruption of contact III has the consequence that after the restoration of contact IV

the winding R is no longer shunted, and the interruption of the contact I plays the role that was explained above when considering the circuits of FIG. 1 and 2.

By the same type, devices should be designed in cases where the number of stations is more than 36, and the calculation of the number of stations can be made using the formula. , where X is the number of combinations of currents, and therefore the number of stations, and "- the number of currents sequentially sent to the line.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the optical signal, performed by the following two functions: 1) automatically indicates whether the line is free or busy; 2) automatically prevents the possibility of simultaneous sending of currents from two or more stations, which guarantees the correct functioning of the entire device. For this purpose, a natural magnet M with two extensions (K and ATj) serving as cores for windings R and RI, and a neutral electromagnet R are applied. If the current of any direction to one of the linear wires is sent, the current passes through the winding R or .Ri- into the ground. As a result, the electromagnet R is excited and measles 1 is attracted. In this position, the measles 1 remains even after the line is turned off from the chain, due to the fact that it is attracted by the natural magnet M (thanks to the spring -P, the measles 1 can be easily installed in such a position that in the rest state indicated in the drawing, the measles 1 attracted by magnet M). The attraction of the core 1 results in the fact that in the window s there is a plate T ("busy"), but contact I will be interrupted even earlier, through which the currents from the inductor go into the line. This prevents the possibility of simultaneous sending of currents by two or more stations.

To return the optical signal to the quiescent state (free), the positive pole of the inductor is connected to LI, and its negative pole to La (in the manipulator there is a special device for this), with the current going in the direction indicated by the arrow from LI in R - R - L :, the winding R – d is mine. The windings R to R are located so that in this direction of current the natural magnetism M weakens and the measles 1, as a result, returns to its original position (it should be borne in mind that when sending a current to one of the line wires when we use it. with the ground as a return wire, amplification also occurs in one case, and in the other case the natural magnetism M is weakened, but this does not affect the operation of the optical signal, because at the moment the line is turned off from the circuit when the current therefore does not circulate in the windings of R and R, the measles 1 is in a tightened position).

The circuit for connecting the optical signal to the device is given in FIG. 5, one should bear in mind the following: with a large number of stations, only a small part of them (approximately, 8, 10) should be given the opportunity to call all the others by choice. The majority of stations should be mounted without an inductor and without a manipulator, i.e. they should be adapted only to be able to be called. For these stations, there is no need for an optical signal, this is first, and, secondly, the interruption of contact III (fig. O), which prevents the simultaneous sending of currents by two or more stations, at the same time prevents the sending of currents from the inductor in general, i.e., when the two stations talk, the rest cannot kill them and cause others to call. Such a task may not always be recognized as obligatory (for example, the central post should be given the opportunity to interrupt speaking stations and call another). In addition, if the calling station had forgotten to return the optical signal to the initial position after the end of the conversation, then all the other stations, even having an inductor and a manipulator, could not use them, that is, other stations could not call. Therefore, it is necessary to supply measles 2 (Fig. 5) with some kind of fixture, for example, a handle (not shown in the drawing), which would make it possible to take measles to the original setting. Depending on individual tasks, either all or only a part of the optical signals can be equipped with such devices.

To perform the other functions indicated above, the device layout for the 12 stations is shown in FIG. 6, where the stations are indicated by the letters: -f-Z-i, etc.

If, not using ground as a return wire, send two currents of opposite direction to the line in succession, for which you first need to connect the positive pole of the inductor with Zi, and the negative pole with L, then, on the contrary, the positive pole with Z.2, and the negative Since the pole with L (for the implementation of such a combination of currents in the manipulator, there is a special device), then all devices will receive a single magnetic pull. Consequently, the repetition of the just-mentioned manipulation a certain number of times, can be obtained at all stations an arbitrary number of hammer blows on the bell, and the breaks between individual strikes are more or less long, any signals or even words can be transmitted, using the alphabet Morse.

If only one phase of the said manipulation is used (current sulcation in one direction), then a single hammer blow will follow in one half of the apparatus, depending on the direction of the current, in one half or in the other.

If, using ground, to send a single current of one direction or another to one of the linear wires, then depending on the direction of the current and the wire, a single hammer blow will follow in one quarter of all devices of choice.

With regard to the simultaneous calling of all stations, it is carried out by sending an alternating current to the line (without the aid of the ground, as a return wire), which is completely clear from the way described by all stations.

an inductor must be adapted so that it can produce both a constant and an alternating current, and the choice of a south or other current is made by means of a special device available for this purpose in the manipulator.

The above method of signaling by groups of stations, if the sending currents are made to be intermittent, will result in a call for half a quarter of the stations of choice.

FIG. Figure 7 gives a manipulator scheme, the structure of which can be extremely diverse, depending on a variety of circumstances. For example, if a given station does not need to be adapted to call other stations, then, in general, no manipulator is required. If the manipulator must be adapted only for the selective calling of one of the many stations, then there is no need to mount it together with signaling, general and group calling devices, etc. In addition to the design dependence on the size of the tasks just mentioned, the manipulator The torus will depend on which of the elements it is desirable to have an advantage: the cost of manufacture or ease of manipulation, which is especially important with a significant number of stations. The point is that the manipulator can be simple or combined: in the first case, it will be necessary for each individual task (for example, to call each station) to have a separate device; in the second case, each task will be carried out by combining devices that serve different purposes. In the first case, the manipulation is simpler, but the manufacture is more expensive, in the second - the opposite. Finally, the design of the manipulator will still depend on which of the methods of manipulation will be preferred: for example, you can manipulate by pressing a key, inserting the plugs into the sockets, moving the switch on the sliding contacts, etc.

FIG. 7 is a manipulator circuit in which the main functions are performed by inserting a plug

in those or other nests. It is designed for a device containing 12 stations connected in parallel to a common two-wire line. The manipulator contains all the devices necessary for the tasks indicated in the description. In the case of a smaller volume of tasks, the appropriate adaptations are excluded from the design.

In the manipulator there are: 4 groups of sockets, two plugs, keys A and B, telephone lever P and inductor J. The signals are sent as follows:

To call a specific station (for example, station 8), the subscriber inserts one plug into socket No. 8 and the other into the socket III located in the center of this group. Then, by pressing key A, the subscriber rotates the handle of the inductor and, while rotating the handle, lowers the key. You must first remove the handset. Inserting the plugs into the jacks has the effect of attaching the inductor poles to the ground and to the line, with the key A, which is first pressed, then released, performs a quick sequential sending of currents in the appropriate combination for the station (when inserting the plugs into slots No. 8 and III at the first moment, when key A is pressed, current-Z, j is sent; at the second moment, when key A is canceled, - (-. Removing the handset has the meaning that, by lifting the lever, contacts II are closed, III and IV, connecting the sockets to the ground and the line wires, and contact I interrupts, establishing the connection of their device to the ground. As a result, when you pick up the tube, your device is turned off, which prevents unnecessary branching of current into your device. (including the inductor) is switched off from the line automatically, and this is of great importance in the sense that after the end of one or the other manipulation there is no need to remove the plugs from the sockets.

The return of the optical signal to its original position (after the end of the telephone conversation) is achieved by inserting the plugs into slots nos. 4 and 7 and turning the inductor knob (without pressing a key), since with this manipulation LI is connected to the positive pole of the inductor, and La is connected to the negative pole . The same manipulation is accompanied by a single pull of the call hammer in one half of the devices, namely in devices whose combination of currents begins with -I or -La, i.e., in the devices: + LI -LI, -j-Li-} - Lz, + Li - Lz, -Za -) - Lj, -La -Li, -Lz -j-La. Therefore, if it is necessary, to signal to the group of stations just listed, this can be achieved by inserting the plugs into slots No. 4 and 7 and turning the inductor knob. If, with the same plugs inserted into jacks Nos. 4 and 7, press the A key and then the inductor starts turning, then the signal will follow in another group of stations, and in stations: - LL, - Li + L2, - Li - La, -f-La + Li, -f La -Li, + L2 -L2.

If, with the same plugs inserted into sockets 4 and 7, rotate the knob of the inductor, while simultaneously pressing and releasing the A key, the signal will follow all the stations.

If one of the plugs is inserted into the socket with one or another station number, and the other into the corresponding group socket (marked with a roman numeral) and rotate the handle of the inductor, in some cases when the L key is pressed and in other cases with the same key released then, depending on the number of sockets and one or another position of key A, it will be possible to signal into a group of three stations of choice, since this manipulation corresponds to the first phase of manipulation required for selectively calling one or another station.

As for calling the stations by groups, the manipulation is as follows: to simultaneously call all the stations, use the key 5, which is pressed when

inserted into slots No. 4 and 7 of the plug x, after which they rotate the handle of the inductor. Due to this manipulation, the line (without the aid of the earth, as a return wire), allows the alternating current, which, as you explained above, to call all stations at the same time. For calling the same group of stations, the same manipulations are used as for signaling by the same groups, at that the current only has to be intermittent (in the drawing, the device for such a current conversion is not shown).

This device can work not only through an inductor, but also with the help of a battery, which must, of course, be turned on on the same basis as the inductor.

FIG. 8 is a manipulator circuit for a device serving one of the 12 stations included in the common line, of which only two of the 12 keys (Nos. 5 and 7) are shown. Consider the current passage when pressing, for example, key number 5. First of all, contact I is interrupted, whereby the receiver of the calling station loses ground and turns off, therefore, from the circuit. Then pins III and IV are installed, as a result of which the negative pole of battery B is connected to ground via terminal VII and spring b, and the positive pole of the same battery B is connected to wire LI via terminal VIII. Therefore, a positive current is sent to the LI wire. Meanwhile, the key number 5 under the influence of pressure continues to fall (contacts III and IV are placed on the spring e, and therefore do not interfere with the lowering of the key), and screw k finally presses on the spring g, as a result contacts VII and VIII are interrupted, and contacts V and VI. Due to the interruption of contacts VII and VIII, the current -j-Lj is interrupted, and due to contacts V and VI, the positive pole of battery B is connected to ground, while the negative pole is connected to wire La. Therefore, the negative current is now sent to the wire L-i. In this case, the current-Z.2 will continue as long as they press the key No. 5, the duration of the current -j-Zi, as well as the interval between -ji and -L can be adjusted by screwing the screw / C more or less. Thus, each key is keyed and dried to send a certain combination of currents to the line, satisfying the conditions that are required for this sending .j

If it is required to introduce an inductor j call, then in this case (Fig. 9), in addition to 12 keys (by the number of stations included in the common line), the manipulator also contains a DC inductor, at. what the keys and the inductor are designed as follows: the inductor is taken | with the so-called English schuntom; along the axis of the inductor, AA can freely move the slider L, which in a restful state is pressed against the clutch B by the spring A, and in this position the rear surface of the slider tightly touches the contact plates e and d. Both contact surfaces of the slider are insulated from each other, and the tension of the spring a can be adjusted by a corresponding nut. In fact, no shunting of the inductor winding is required, and both ends of it are connected to two points of the slider that are isolated from each other in such a way that, in a quiet position, the positive pole of the inductor ends in the contact plate c, and the negative pole in the contact plate d. When rotating the inductor knob | the spring a is compressed and the slider b automatically moves to the left. As a result, both contact surfaces | the slider is shifted from the contact plates with plates d n and is transferred to the contact plates g and /, which position is maintained for as long as the handle of the inductor continues: now the positive pole of the inductor ends in the contact plate e, and negative pole in the contact plate. When the rotation of the inductor knob is stopped, the position indicated on the drawing is again set.

As for the key, each of them, when pressed, establishes a metallic connection between the linear wires and ground on one side and the corresponding four contacts on the other side. These 4 contacts (for example: VI, VII, VIII and IX at the key number 5) are connected respectively with the above contact plates with, d, e, /. In addition, when pressing each key, one more special contact (contact X at the key No. 5 or contact V at the key No. 7, etc.) is interrupted, which participates in the grounding of its own receiver, which results in switching off when calling its own device. The general operation of the manipulator is as follows: the subscriber presses the appropriate key (for example: No. 5) and rotates the handle of the inductor. At the first moment, while the slider b has not yet moved from the contact plates with d, the positive pole of the inductor will connect (via the contact plate c-contact VI-spring 1-contact V-spring 5) with the ground, and the negative pole through contact plate d -contact VII-spring 2 with wire ij, i.e. a current will be sent to the line - /.9. Then, after a very short break, the slider switches to the contact plates / and e, resulting in the connection of the positive pole of the inductor (via the contact plate e - contact IX - spring 3) to the ground, and the negative pole (through contact plate / - contact VIII is a spring 4) with an LI wire, that is, a current LI will already be sent to the line, which will circulate as long as the subscriber wishes.

SUBJECT P.TENT ..

1. A device for selectively calling telephone sets included in a common line, characterized by cumulative application on each telephone set: a) two polarized relays R, connected in series between one of the line wires and ground, 1

the relay is equipped with two grounded contacts I and II with the aim that it comes into oscillation only when the current pulses of a certain polarity are sent to the line (Figs. 1, 6); b) an electromagnetic device, indicating whether or not the line is occupied, and preventing the possibility of simultaneous calling, which device consists of electromagnets of unpolarized R and polarized M with windings R and j, measles 1 of which electromagnets, interrupting the contact of the inductor and supplying the signal about the occupation of the line, is transferred to the working position by the electromagnet R-2 (connected between the ground and the middle of the windings R and i), is held in this position by the magnet M and returns to its original position when the m the magnetism of the magnet G by the current in the windings of R, R. connected in series between each other and connected each end to one of the wires of the line (Fig. 4, 5); c) a manipulator with the help of which a group of pulses or a separate DC pulse or intermittent current can be sent to both wires or to one of the wires and the ground, as well as an alternating current can be sent to the circuit composed of two wires of the line ( Fig. 7).

2. Modification of the device described in paragraph 1, characterized by

by the fact that instead of two polarized relays R and RI, one polarized relay with two windings, R and R, was applied (Fig. 2, 6).

3. Change the device described in c. Claim 1, characterized in that in series with a polarized relay with two windings R n R a polarized relay R is switched on so that measles 1 oscillates when sending a group of three consecutive in a certain order of current pulses , the first of which drives a relay7 2 (Fig. 3).

4. Video modification of the device described in p. 1 and p. 2 of the patent, characterized in that the relay R is equipped with an additional winding 3, in which the current always goes towards the working current, which winding is connected at one end to one of the line wires and the other the end to the koryu 1, which can alternately close one of the grounded contacts I and II (Fig. 1L and 2A).

5. Video modification of the device described in paragraph 1, characterized by the use of contacts I or II (Fig. 4) ;; V or X (Fig. 5) with the aim that when one of the manipulator keys is pressed, the receiving station of the called station turns off from the line to which one of the employees is sent to call groups of current pulses (Figures 8, 9)

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