SK9075Y1 - Method of eliminating drying of particulate matter with increased humidity by multiple pressing and pressing line - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with increased humidity by multiple pressing takes place in steps, where the pressing takes place after continuous filling of the chamber of the pressing module with primary particulate matter, wherein steam is released from the compacts emerging from the pressing module in the atmospheric evaporator and its heat is transferred in the heat exchanger to the heating medium for heating the chamber shell of the pressing module. Subsequently, the compacts emerging from the pressing module in the compacting sorter are sorted, the disintegrated compacts being conveyed by a return conveyor to the entrance to the mixing hopper and the premium compacts being the final product of the pressing. Finally, in the mixing hopper, the primary particulate matter with increased moisture is mixed with the moisture-reduced raw material from the disintegrated compacts via autoregulation in such a ratio that the required volume of compressed particulate matter is always required in the mixing hopper. Next, a pressing line consisting of a pressing module and a hopper is described. The pressing module (2) is connected at the inlet to a mixing hopper (1) with a primary inlet hopper (3) and the outlet is connected to an atmospheric evaporator (4) and a sorting apparatus (7) with a sieve. The outlet of the sorting apparatus (7) has on the one hand an outlet (8) of compacts and an outlet (9) of disintegrated compacts connected by a return conveyor (6) with a mixing hopper (1). The atmospheric evaporator (4) has a released steam outlet (10) connected to a heat exchanger (5). The chamber shell of the press module (2) has an inlet (11) of heating medium from the heat exchanger (5) and the chamber shell of the press module (2) has an outlet (12) of cooled medium to the heat exchanger (5).

Description

Technical field

The technical solution relates to a method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with increased humidity by multiple pressing for the purpose of increasing energy efficiency in compaction and construction of the pressing line. The technical solution falls into the field of compaction of bulk materials of organic and inorganic origin.

Prior art

Suitable technologies for the treatment of wood waste are its compaction at high pressure and temperature without the addition of a binder. Technologies of compaction, pelleting and briquetting are known. Due to the required ratio of temperature, pressure and endurance in this state, only pelletizing and briquetting technologies are used for compaction of disintegrated biomass. In this way, in many cases it is possible to obtain a noble fuel in a shape and condition suitable for both transport, storage and its energy recovery. Another necessary condition in compaction technology is the permitted maximum humidity of the compacted waste at the inlet. All known compaction technologies (briquetting, pelleting) allow the raw material to be pressed into the form of noble fuels (briquettes, pellets) only under the assumption of a maximum relative humidity, which does not exceed 18% to 20%. The problem is the intracellular water, which is in a liquid state at high pressure and temperature in the pressing chamber. However, as soon as the compact (briquette, pellet) leaves the pressing chamber, the pressure drops, the water begins to expand, changes to steam and tears the compact. This is the reason why it is not possible to compact a raw material with a relative humidity higher than 20%.

The biggest problem in the production of solid noble biofuels is therefore the high humidity of the compressed biomass. However, most of the raw materials processed in this way have a higher relative humidity (30% to 50%) in the normal state, and therefore it is necessary to dry this raw material before pressing. Drying is very investment-intensive and energy-intensive, which reduces the competitiveness of these noble fuels on the market. Dryers are usually the most expensive equipment in the entire press line. Therefore, in the pressing of particulate matter, technologies are being sought that can more effectively reduce moisture (pressure, centrifugal, new progressive drying technologies), or solutions that partially modify the compaction machines themselves, as exemplified by patent SK 286889 Folded nozzle of briquetting press.

The principle of multi-stage compaction solved in the Slovak patent SK 288169 A method of multi-stage compaction of raw materials with increased humidity and a device for carrying out this method are known from the prior art. The disadvantage of this solution is the danger that in the case of a lower relative humidity of less than 30% at the entrance to the pressing unit, the compact will remain compact after the second pressing and before entering the third stage it will be necessary to exert unnecessary force to disrupt it in order to be compacted again. .

The result of the efforts of those skilled in the art is a further described method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with an increased humidity above 18% by multiple pressing and a pressing line according to the technical solution.

The essence of the technical solution

The shortcomings of the prior art in the field of compaction of particulate matter with an increased humidity above 18% are solved by the proposed method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with an increased humidity by multiple pressing, the essence of which consists in releasing steam and heat from atmospheres from the press module. is transferred in the heat exchanger to the heating medium for heating the chamber shell of the pressing module. Furthermore, the compacts emerging from the pressing module are sorted in a compacting sorter, the disintegrated compacts being conveyed by a return conveyor to the entrance of the mixing hopper and the noble compacts being the final product of compaction. In this case, in the mixing hopper, the primary particulate matter with increased moisture is mixed with the reduced-moisture raw material from the disintegrated compacts via autoregulation in such a proportion that the required volume of compressed particulate matter is always required in the mixing hopper. This reduces the resulting relative humidity of the particulate matter thus mixed at the inlet entering the compression module.

The method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with an increased humidity above 18% by multiple pressing is carried out on a pressing line according to a technical solution consisting of a pressing module and a hopper, the essence of which consists in the single chamber implementation through a hopper and an outlet it is connected to an atmospheric evaporator and a sieve sorter. The outlet of the sorter is intended to ensure, on the one hand, the outlet of the noble compacts and at the same time separates the disintegrated compacts, which are conveyed by the return conveyor to the mixing hopper. The atmospheric evaporator has a released steam outlet connected to a heat exchanger. Press chamber casing

The SK 9075 Υ1 module has a heating medium inlet from the heat exchanger and the chamber shell of the pressing module has a cooled medium outlet to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has a cooled steam outlet to the air.

The principle of the presented technical solution is also solved by a system with multi-chamber pressing modules, for example in an extended two-chamber implementation the pressing line is structurally extended so that between the mixing hopper and the pressing module atmospheric residue. In this case, the second atmospheric evaporator has a released steam outlet connected to the heat exchanger and the chamber shell of the second pressing module has a heating medium inlet from the heat exchanger and the chamber shell of the second pressing module has a cooled medium outlet to the heat exchanger. The multi-chamber modification of the proposed system significantly increases the performance of the system, even at higher primary relative humidity of the compressed particulate matter.

The operation of the pressing line is such that the primarily compacted particulate substance with an increased humidity above 18% passes through the chamber of the second pressing module, while its temperature is significantly increased. After exiting the pressing chamber and the pressure drop in the molding, it disintegrates again. At the same time, a large amount of steam is released from the compressed particulate matter in the form of steam in a short time, and thus its moisture is significantly reduced. The disintegrated compressed particulate material passes through the compact of the compacts and is returned to the mixing hopper of the compression module, where it is rotatably mixed in a suitable ratio with the primary particulate matter with an increased humidity above 18%. However, this reduces the resulting moisture of the particulate matter which enters the compression module and at the same time partially raises its temperature. The steam released from the compressed particulate matter through the heat exchanger and the flowing liquid is heated by the compression module. After the initial heating of the chamber of the pressing module, the optimal ratio of the primary particulate matter to the "disintegrated - reversible" particulate matter is gradually set according to the inlet humidity so as to achieve maximum performance and quality of production of the noble compacts. Due to the increased temperature of the input particulate matter, the temperature in the pressing chamber and the heating by the liquid from the heat exchanger, the pressing pressures decrease at the same time, which results in a reduction of the total power input of the pressing line. The compaction line can produce both briquettes and pellets. In the case of briquettes, a pressing nozzle is mounted at the end of the cone, in the case of pellet production, a pressing die is mounted on the end of the cone of the pressing chamber.

The advantages of the method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with increased humidity by multiple pressing and of the construction solution of the pressing line according to the technical solution are obvious from its effects, which are manifested externally. The effects and originality of the present method and line consist in the use of a unique method and construction, where finally in the mixing hopper to the raw material with reduced moisture from disintegrated compacts the primary particulate substance with increased humidity of the compressed particulate matter, thus reducing the relative humidity of the particulate matter at the inlet. This eliminates the need to include energy-intensive dryers at the entrance to the press line. The moisture reduction in this process never exceeds the critical temperature, which often occurs during drying, at which volatiles can escape and burn.

At a lower input relative humidity (less than 30%), only one evaporation will suffice, and after the second circulation of the particulate matter in the system, a high-quality continuous compact will already be produced and no more stages will be required. There would even be a problem of breaking the molding and its subsequent pressing. So one degree is enough. The disintegrated portion of the compressed particulate matter is returned to the inlet hopper by the conveyor and would be mixed with the primary particulate matter. At higher input relative humidity (more than 30%), the compressed particulate matter would gradually pass through the individual compression modules, and since mixing hoppers are included between the individual modules, in which the compressed particulate matter would disintegrate, evaporate steam and reduce moisture if the required parameters for the formation of a quality molding (humidity and temperature) would not be achieved. The disintegrated compressed particulate matter, after the last pressing step, falls through the sieves in the sorter and returns to the first hopper. The advantage of this partial recycling after the last pressing would be that the ratio of mutual moisture would also reduce the resulting moisture, e.g. at 50% and 20% humidity at the same weight ratio, the resulting relative humidity will be 35%. At the same time, the heating temperature of the chambers of the pressing stages would increase (thanks to the steam temperature, especially from the first pressing) and at the same time the temperature of the "mixed" compressed particulate substance itself. It is generally known that as the pressing temperature increases, the pressing forces decrease by up to 20%. This will have a positive effect on the reduction of the power input of the pressing module. Good compacts (briquettes, pellets) are sorted and go to the cooler, and those that disintegrate during sorting are returned to the chamber of the first stage pressing module by the return conveyor after evaporation, where they are mixed into the primary particulate matter (increase its temperature and decrease its humidity).

SK 9075 Υ1

Overview of figures in the drawings

The method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with increased humidity by multiple pressing and the pressing line solved according to the technical solution will be shown in the drawings, where in fig. 1 shows a single-chamber press line. In FIG. 2 shows a two-chamber press line.

Examples of embodiments

The individual embodiments according to the technical solution are presented for illustration and not as limitations of technical solutions. Those skilled in the art will find, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to specific embodiments of the invention. Such equivalents will also fall within the scope of the protection claims.

Optimal design cannot be a problem for those skilled in the art, so these features have not been addressed in detail.

Example 1

In this example of a specific embodiment of the subject of the technical solution, a method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with an increased humidity above 18% by multiple pressing is described. The method is based on the fact that:

- the pressing takes place at the earliest after the continuous filling of the chamber of the pressing module with the primary particulate substance;

- subsequently, steam is released in the atmospheric evaporator from the moldings emerging from the pressing module and its heat is transferred in the heat exchanger to the heating medium for heating the shell of the chamber of the pressing module;

- furthermore, the compacts emerging from the pressing module are sorted in the compacting screen, the disintegrated compacts being conveyed by a return conveyor to the entrance to the mixing hopper and the noble compacts being the final product of the pressing;

finally, in the mixing hopper, the primary particulate matter with the increased moisture is mixed with the moisture-reduced raw material from the disintegrated compacts via autoregulation in such a ratio that the required volume of the compressed particulate substance is always required in the mixing hopper.

Example 2

In this example of a specific embodiment of the subject of the technical solution, the construction of a pressing line for eliminating the drying of particulate matter with an increased humidity of less than 30% by multiple pressing is described, as shown in FIG. 1. The basis of the pressing line is a pressing module 2, which is connected at the inlet to a mixing hopper 1 with a primary inlet hopper 3 of the pressed particulate matter with an increased humidity of 30%. The pressing module 2 is connected by an outlet to an atmospheric evaporator 4 and a screen 7 of screenings. The outlet of the sorter 7 has, on the one hand, an outlet 8 of the noble compacts and an outlet 9 of the disintegrated compacts connected by a return conveyor 6 to the mixing hopper 1. The atmospheric evaporator 4 has a released steam outlet 10 connected to a heat exchanger 5. The chamber shell of the press module 2 has an inlet 11 of heating medium from the heat exchanger 5 and the chamber shell of the press module 2 has an outlet 12 of cooled medium to the heat exchanger 5.

Example 3

In this example of a specific embodiment of the subject matter of the technical solution, the construction of a pressing line for eliminating the drying of particulate matter with an increased humidity higher than 30% by multiple pressing is described, as shown in FIG. 2. The basis of the press line in this example is the press module 2 described in Example 2. The difference is that a second press module 2 is arranged between the mixing hopper 1 and the press module 2 at the outlet connected to the atmospheric evaporator 4 and the screen 7 sorter. connected to the second atmospheric evaporator 4. The second atmospheric evaporator 4 has a released steam outlet 10 connected to the heat exchanger 5 and the chamber shell of the second pressing module 2 has a heating medium inlet 11 from the heat exchanger 5 and the chamber shell of the second pressing module 2 has a cooled medium outlet 12. to heat exchanger 5.

Industrial applicability

The method of eliminating the drying of particulate matter with increased humidity by multiple pressing and the pressing line according to this technical solution is intended for the area of compaction of particulate matter of organic and inorganic origin.

Claims (4)

A method for eliminating the drying of particulates with increased humidity by multiple pressing, wherein the pressing takes place after continuous filling of the chamber of the pressing module with the primary particulate, characterized in that: steam is released from the compacts exiting the pressing module in the atmospheric evaporator and its heat is exchanged in the exchanger transfers heat to the heating medium to heat the chamber shell of the press module; subsequently, the compacts emerging from the pressing module are sorted in a compacting sorter, the disintegrated compacts being conveyed by a return conveyor to the entrance to the mixing hopper and the noble compacts being the final product of the pressing; finally, in the mixing hopper, the primary particulate matter with increased moisture is mixed with the moisture-reduced raw material from the disintegrated compacts via autoregulation in such a ratio that the required volume of the compressed particulate substance is always required in the mixing hopper. Pressing line for raw material with increased moisture of particulate matter consisting of a pressing module and a hopper, characterized in that the pressing module (2) is connected at the inlet to a mixing hopper (1) with a primary inlet hopper (3) and the outlet is connected to atmospheric an evaporator (4) and a sieve compactor (7); the outlet of the screen (7) has on the one hand an outlet (8) of the noble compacts and an outlet (9) of the disintegrated compacts connected by a return conveyor (6) to the mixing hopper (1); the atmospheric evaporator (4) has a released steam outlet (10) connected to a heat exchanger (5); the chamber shell of the press module (2) has an inlet (11) of heating medium from the heat exchanger (5) and the chamber shell of the press module (2) has an outlet (12) of cooled medium to the heat exchanger (5). Press line according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (5) has an outlet (13) of cooled steam to the air. Pressing line according to Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that a second pressing module (2) is arranged between the mixing hopper (1) and the press module (2) connected to the atmospheric evaporator (4) and the screen (7) of screened compacts. an outlet connected to a second atmospheric evaporator (4), the second atmospheric evaporator (4) having a released steam outlet (10) connected to a heat exchanger (5) and a chamber shell of the second pressing module (2) having a heating medium inlet (11) from the heat exchanger (5) and the chamber shell of the second pressing module (2) has an outlet (12) of cooled medium to the heat exchanger (5).