SK90099A3 - Internal combustion four-stroke engine with collaborative parallel cylinders - Google Patents

Abstract

The motor consists of at least two cylinders (1, 2), equipped with the pistons (13, 23), which are modified to work in the heterochronism 360 and equipped with suction and exhaust valves, whilst each of the cylinders (1, 2) is equipped in the bottom turning back with the canal (11, 21), where the canals come to the double-way ejector (3) to offtake the exhaust gas as well as suction of the fresh mixture.

Description

Combustion four-stroke engine with cooperating parallel cylinders

Technical field

The invention relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine, and more particularly to the construction of the feed line and the exhaust pipe of internal combustion engines.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The theoretical cycle of a four-stroke internal combustion engine consists of intake, compression, expansion and exhaust. In fact, this represents a number of compromises. High performance, low consumption, purity of flue gas, long life, low weight. One of the requirements is therefore to achieve the most efficient filling and flushing of the rollers. Among other things, the energy of the flue gas is utilized by means of turbochargers. The high speed of these devices causes considerable technical difficulties in practice.

In order to achieve the best flushing of the cylinders, in the current internal combustion engines, the exhaust valve opens far before the bottom dead center, thus shortening the working stroke of the engine, ie expansion.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

These drawbacks are largely overcome by a four-stroke internal combustion engine with cooperating parallel cylinders equipped with intake and exhaust valves, with an even number of cylinders consisting of at least two cylinders with concurrently moving pistons operating at a 360 ° time shift, each the cylinder is provided at the bottom dead center with a channel that opens into a common ejector.

The proposed solution according to the invention uses the flue gas energy at the end of the expansion at the bottom dead center of the piston.

According to a preferred embodiment, the channels extend at least over a portion of the circumference of the rollers, and the wall of each of the rollers is provided with at least one further opening opening into the channels.

The combustion four-stroke engine, according to a preferred embodiment, comprises channels that run at least 75% of the circumference of each of the cylinders.

Advantageously, the holes in the cylinder wall have the largest cross-sectional area, while minimizing the dimension parallel to the axis of the cylinder.

The four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the present invention may also comprise more than two cylinders, i.e. 4, 6, 8 or 10, etc. cylinders, the condition is an even number of cylinders.

For positive-ignition engines, it is advisable to use direct injection, which is the current trend in the development of positive-ignition engines.

An advantage of the engine of the present invention is that it does not contain any moving parts, thereby not affecting the life of the engine.

The engine of the present invention has a prolonged expansion over the prior art engines, since there is no premature opening of the exhaust valve as in the prior art, and thus the efficiency of the engine is improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The attached figures show the principle of construction of an internal combustion engine according to this technical solution.

Figure 1 shows a cross section of an engine along the prior art cylinders. Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a cross-section of an engine according to the present invention. Figures 3 and 4 show sections A-A and B-B perpendicular to each other at the bottom of the engine according to this invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the simplest dual-cylinder diesel engine, first cylinder 1 and second cylinder 2, and a pair of pistons, namely a piston 13 of a first cylinder and a piston 23 of a second cylinder. The first cylinder 1 is provided with the exhaust valve 14 and the suction valve 15 of the first cylinder and the second cylinder 2 is equipped with the exhaust valve 24 and the suction valve 25 of the second cylinder. These rollers 1, 2 operate with a time shift of 360 °. The lower dead center of the cylinder 1 is provided with a channel 11 and the lower dead center of the cylinder 2 is equipped with a channel 21. These channels open into the ejector 3 for the flow of flue gas and of the filling - fresh filling.

As shown in FIG. 3, the channels 11 and 21 are arranged around the periphery of the cylinder. Holes are formed in the cylinder walls that connect the combustion space of the cylinders

1, 2 with channels 11 and 21 and are included. It is preferred that the cross-section of the holes be as large as possible while minimizing the dimension parallel to the axis of the cylinder.

The channels H, 21 are led to the common ejector 3 and are opened and closed by the pistons 13, 23. If the expansion and the piston end in cylinder 1, near the dead center 13 a channel 11 is opened through which the flue gas flows into the ejector 3. the duct 11 creates a vacuum in the cylinder 2 through the duct 21 and a fresh charge flows into the cylinder 2 via the inlet valve 25. By passing the piston 1 through the bottom dead center, the duct 11 is closed and at the same time the exhaust valve 14 is opened. By passing the piston 2, the duct 21 closes and the intake valve 25 is closed early. In the first cylinder the exhaust continues and in the second compression. The tasks will be changed in the future. The ejector is designed in such a way that the ducts serve as both exhaust and suction.

Opening the channels at the bottom dead center releases the energy of the gases in the cylinder J. This energy is used to fill the cooperating cylinder 2. Reducing the pressure in the cylinder at the end of expansion greatly relieves the exhaust stroke. For multi-valve engines, it will be possible to reduce the dimensions or reduce the number of exhaust valves in favor of the intake valves.

The flue gas flowing through the ejector (3) causes them to burn further, which has the effect of reducing exhaust emissions.

The proposed solution uses flue gas energy at the end of expansion at the bottom dead center of the piston. The pistons move in a pair of cylinders in parallel and operate with a 360 ° time shift, i.e. if the expansion in the first cylinder 1 ends, the suction ends in the second cylinder 2 and vice versa as shown in FIG. Second

Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A four-stroke internal combustion engine with cooperating parallel cylinders equipped with intake and exhaust valves, with an even number of cylinders, characterized in that it consists of at least two cylinders (1, 2) with reciprocating pistons (13, 23) operating with a 360 ° time shift, each of the rollers (1, 2) being provided at the bottom dead center with a channel (11, 21) which opens into the common ejector (3). The four-stroke internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels (11, 21) extend over at least part of the circumference of the rollers and the wall of each of the rollers (1, 2) is provided with at least one further opening opening into the channels (11). , 21). Internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the channel extends over at least 75% of the circumference of each cylinder (1, 2). 4. The internal combustion engine of claim 1, wherein the holes in the cylinder wall have an oval cross section. A four-stroke internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises at least four cylinders.