SK8448Y1 - Temperature sensor of the fire system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Abstract

In the body (1) is an electromagnetic coil (6) with an internal cavity (7), a movably mounted magnet (5), a spring (4) and a rod (3) extending from the inside of the body (1) to the outside of the body (1). A magnet (5) travels through the cavity (7) in the electromagnetic coil (6). The magnet (5) is connected to the rod (3) and magnet (5) is pressing by the spring (4) into the cavity or through the cavity (7) in the electromagnetic coil (6). In the standby state, the spring (4) is held in tension state by a temperature sensitive element (2) which blocks the position of the rod (3) with the magnet. The sensor is maintenance-free, if it necessary, the measured value can be compared with the measuring circuit, for example the value of the resistance of the electromagnetic coil (6) with the reference value. For synergy with conventional electronic exchanges, the temperature sensor may also have a limit switch (13) whose switching on or switching off signals the current state of the temperature sensor.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to an electromechanical sensor which, when the specified ambient temperature has been reached, triggers a fire extinguisher or extinguishing device, the sensor itself generating the electrical energy necessary to activate the extinguishing element or extinguishing device, in particular by means of a detonator. The new technical solution is also compatible with conventional fire-fighting systems that are permanently powered and monitored.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Various electronic fire-fighting systems are known which use ambient temperature sensors. Upon reaching the specified temperature, the electronic circuit of the sensor evaluates the situation as a fire condition and by cable or sends a signal wirelessly to the control panel, which activates extinguishing. Typically, the activation is carried out by passing the pressurized extinguisher container through the pipe and spraying the extinguishing agent around the sensor in the vicinity of which a fire condition has been detected. Such a system requires continuous power supply to the sensors and the control panel, as well as a tank with permanently pressurized extinguishing agent. To be truly blown even after a long period of inactivity, the system requires constant extinguishing pressure and functional electronic controls. It is also necessary to provide a back-up power supply to the system so that a power outage in the public grid or the effects of the fire itself do not lead to the non-functioning of the anti-fire system.

For fire protection of larger areas, for example in the case of shopping centers, a set of sprinklers, discharge nozzles, which are connected to a pressurized extinguishing pipe, is also used, with the sprinklers having a mechanically operated trigger valve. Increasing the temperature of the fried value will cause the glass rod to break or the thermal fuse to melt, leading to the trigger valve opening. This system has a large number of electrical or electronic sensors and can be blown even without electrical energy, but a constant extinguishing pressure in the system must be ensured.

Maintaining sufficient extinguishing pressure in tanks requires regular inspection and inspection of pressure vessels. In the case of objects without the permanent presence of personnel, locally placed extinguishing elements containing extinguishing agents shall also be used, the pressure necessary to spew it into the surroundings shall be exerted by the detonator only at the time of extinguishing. Electric or electronic systems are used to trigger the detonator, which require constant and back-up power.

With permanently placed fire extinguishers, the problems of maintaining long-term system readiness are related to two areas: ensuring the temperature sensing functionality and ensuring the transport and spraying of the extinguishing agent into the surroundings. The fire-fighting systems known to date require at least one of these areas to be permanently and reliably secured, i.e. to provide pressure and / or power supply.

A fire-fighting system solution is required that does not require a constant extinguishing pressure or a constant electrical power supply to the actuator. The present invention describes a sensor for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element, in which a high pressure is exerted by the detonator in the short term. As a result of the pressure, extinguishing agent is ejected into the environment. The system should be able to wait for a long time, for example several years, for possible fire conditions, without the consumption of electricity and without the need for special checks.

The essence of the technical solution

Said drawbacks are substantially eliminated by the temperature sensor of the fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element comprising a body, electrical connection contacts and a temperature sensitive element disposed on the outside of the body, the temperature sensitive element being adapted to deform upon reaching a predetermined temperature. technical solution, which consists in that inside the body includes an electromagnetic coil with an internal cavity, a movable magnet, a spring, a rod extending from the inside of the body to the outside of the body, where the cavity in the electromagnetic coil precedes the magnet travel and is spring loaded to insert the magnet into the cavity or through the cavity in the electromagnetic coil, wherein in the unactivated state the spring is held in a tensioned state by a temperature sensitive element that blocks the position of the magnet rod

The winding ends of the electromagnetic coil are connected to the connecting electrical contacts. These will be connected in the fire-fighting system with the detonator of the pyroactive fire extinguishing element, eventually with another control element

The temperature-sensitive element may preferably be formed by a metal-clasp having a thermal shape memory or a bimetal fuse, or the like. It is preferred that the temperature-sensitive element has a relatively low weight, respectively. relatively low temperature capacity to respond quickly to ambient temperature changes. When the specified temperature is reached, the temperature-sensitive element releases the tension bar lock, the spring

S K 8448 Υί pushes the magnet towards the cavity in the electromagnetic coil, thereby inducing an electrical voltage therein and the current in the circuit being able to activate, for example, a detonator in the pyroactive extinguishing element.

The sensor body is made of a material which has a temperature resistance higher than the temperature activation value of the temperature sensitive element. The body can be made of plastic.

The temperature-sensitive element will be adapted in its material composition and shape to release the rod. In a preferred embodiment, the rod will have a circumferential groove or notches on the side that protrudes out of the sensor body, the points of the temperature sensitive element entering the groove or notches. This can take the form of a 'C' buckle, for example. When the set temperature is reached, for example 72 ° C, the clip is opened, the spikes with and ejected from the groove or notches, the rod stops being blocked and the spring pushes the magnet into the cavity of the electromagnetic coil.

An essential advantage of the present invention is a simple and reliable construction that generates electrical energy from the mechanical energy of the spring at the moment of fire condition identification. Such a temperature sensor requires no power supply, on the contrary, it generates electricity in an amount sufficient to activate the pyroactive fire extinguisher.

The movement of the magnet can be ensured by mechanisms with different kinematics. Usually, this is a sliding linear motion in the axis of the cavity of the electromagnetic coil. The spring-loaded rod can be slidably guided inside the sleeve which is mounted on top of the sensor body. The sleeve is in the axis of the cavity of the electromagnetic coil. The magnet is guided in the cavity, at the beginning of the path a part of the magnet is inserted at the edge of the cavity, when the temperature-sensitive element is released, the magnet moves through the cavity. The end stop of the released magnet position can be formed such that all or most of the magnet is extended from the cavity on the opposite side of the electromagnetic coil. In another embodiment, the magnet may be guided on an arm where the path is in the form of a portion of a circle or other kinematic linkage may be formed to reliably move the magnet through the cavity of the electromagnetic coil.

Blocking the movement of the magnet rod by the temperature-sensitive element is set so that a small change in the geometry of the temperature-sensitive element causes the magnet to be unlocked. The spring pulls the rod and the engagement of the temperature-sensitive element into the groove in the rod is accompanied by a frictional force. If the temperature-sensitive element is made in the form of a flat clamp and the rod has a circular cross-section with a circumferential groove, it will be appropriate to mechanically ensure the correct axial position of the temperature-sensitive element to prevent the clamp from moving sideways. This object can easily be achieved by an arrangement where the sleeve through which the rod passes has a transverse groove on the outer face, the width of which corresponds to the clamp thickness of the temperature-sensitive element. This groove keeps the clip in axially correct position against the grooved rod.

The relationship between the edge of the temperature-sensitive element and the groove in the rod is mechanically sensitive to external influences during transport and assembly, and therefore it is preferred that the rod has a mechanical lock that prevents the rod from loosening and lowering the magnet into the cavity of the electromagnetic coil. The mechanical lock may be in the form of a push pin that extends through a transverse hole in the rod on its outer part, the pin resting on the face of the sleeve. The mechanical fuse will only be released after the complete installation of the fire protection system has been completed. When the mechanical fuse is pulled out, the temperature sensitive element is engaged. To avoid neglect and overlook that the mechanical fuse has not been released, and consequently there is a risk of system failure, the mechanical fuse may be equipped with a beacon, a bold color and the like to make it visible from a distance that the temperature sensor is mechanically blocked .

To improve the transport resistance, the temperature sensor may be provided with a disposable transport insert which encircles the sleeve from the outside and forms a support line for the temperature sensitive element and / or the mechanical fuse. After installation, the liner is torn and removed from the sleeve. Advantageously, the transport insert is made of plastic and has a surface at one end to abut the body of the temperature sensor.

The principle of temperature sensor operation is based on reliable physical principles, even long-term inactivity of the sensor does not lead to its unreliability. Although mechanical components are generally considered to be less reliable than electrical components, in fact, this is only true for repetitive mechanical components where mechanical wear and subsequent failure of a functional component occurs. In this case, however, the mechanical components in the sensor move only when the condition of the fire is identified, which is rare. The sensor can be reused after activation, the handle is stretched and locked with a new temperature-sensitive element

In order to avoid inducing electrical voltage in the electromagnetic coil from the environment, for example from various devices in an industrial environment, the electromagnetic coil and / or the body has a shield. The shield may be a metal housing, a metal housing of the electromagnetic coil.

The temperature sensor according to this invention is advantageously used in the fire protection of industrial equipment, electrical wiring, piping systems and the like. The sensors can be located in geographically remote locations where power supply is not stable and the like.

If the temperature sensors of the present invention are used in conjunction with electrical fire protection, it will be advantageous if the sensor has a switch that diagnoses the activated position of the magnet. This is sufficient if a limit switch is assigned to the end position of the lowered magnet. In this case it has a temperature

S K 8448 ΥΙ sensor pair of additional contacts, which are intended to be connected to the fire control panel. When the pyroactive extinguishing element is triggered, the activation status is signaled to the control panel. The limit switch can also be connected so that in the standby state of the temperature sensor the limit switch is closed and the activation of the temperature sensor leads to the opening of the limit switch. This wiring ensures that the electrical wiring is in standby condition, any interruption in the wiring, or variable wiring resistance, indicates problems and the need for service.

The temperature sensor according to this invention is highly reliable and the individual components of the temperature sensor have a lifetime of tens of years during which they can operate without inspection and inspection. In several countries, there are legislative rules that prescribe regular inspections of individual elements of the fire protection system and there are also customers who, due to inertia and for psychological reasons, require inspection and maintenance even with a maintenance-free system. In such cases, it is advantageous if the temperature sensor also comprises a measuring circuit of the electromagnetic coil, by means of which the electrical characteristics of the winding, in particular the winding resistance, can be measured without removing the temperature sensor on a separate electrical outlet. The measuring resistor may include a diode and a calibration or identification resistor. The electrical properties of the pyroactive fire extinguisher detonator can also be measured using a measuring circuit on the temperature sensor. After the installation of the temperature sensor and the pyroactive extinguishing element, the electrical values of the individual circuits and the ambient temperature are recorded. The check compares the current electrical values with the reference values from the protocol and any substantial change can be considered as an indication of technical problems.

If a temperature sensor is used in remote locations, for example in a warehouse without electricity, it may be advantageous if the temperature sensor is equipped with a transmitter that sends an activation signal. The transmission energy can be obtained from its own battery or from a capacitor which is connected to the electromagnetic coil and is charged while the magnet is moving. The temperature sensor can transmit an identification code when transmitting an activation signal to identify where a fire has occurred. It is also possible to use a GPS module located in or near a temperature sensor to identify the location. The location information is sent along with the activation status.

The GPS module as well as the transmitter can be powered from the power of the electromagnetic coil, which is able to charge the electrical capacitor for a time sufficient to transmit the appropriate signal. In view of the long-term reliability of the main function of the temperature sensor, it is appropriate if the energy from the electromagnetic coil is used exclusively for triggering the pyroactive extinguishing element. In such a case, a separate power source is used to power the transmitter and / or the GPS module. It can be a self-contained battery integrated in the sensor body, a self-contained battery removably located on the surface of the sensor body, or an external source, for example, a battery that is connected to multiple temperature sensors in a given group. It is advantageous if the power supply is connected to the transmitter and / or the GPS module via a switch which is switched on only when the temperature sensor is activated. In this arrangement, the respective switch is switched by the end position of the magnet rod. The advantage is zero consumption in standby, the battery has nothing to discharge and lasts in good condition for several years. The switch for supplying the transmitter and / or the GPS module can also be an end switch for signaling to the electronic fire protection central.

An important advantage of the present invention is the high reliability and resistance of the temperature sensor to long-term environmental influences. The present invention has a simple and reliable construction with a small number of small parts, is environmentally friendly, does not consume any electricity and is reusable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technical solution is explained in more detail with reference to Figures 1 to 7. The shape of the body shown, the shape of the temperature-sensitive element as well as the dimensions of the individual components are merely exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of protection.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the temperature sensor in the armed state, without a mechanical fuse, and in a situation where the temperature sensitive element has not reached the desired temperature indicating the fire condition.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a temperature sensor after activation as the magnet passes through the cavity of the electromagnetic coil. The arrows indicate the drop of the temperature sensitive element and the movement of the rod with the magnet

Figure 3 shows the circuit diagram of the electromagnetic coil measuring circuit.

Figure 4 shows an arrangement with a measuring circuit, an identification resistor and a limit switch to be connected to an electronic control panel of a fire-fighting system.

Figure 5 shows the sleeve without a transporting insert attached, then Figure 7 shows a transporting insert intended to be mounted on the sleeve.

Fig. 6 is a view of the front of the drawbar where a temperature sensitive element is mounted in the groove and at the same time in a perpendicular position a mechanical fuse formed by a pin is inserted through the transverse hole in the drawbar.

N E 8448

EXAMPLES

Example 1

In this example of Figures 1 to 2, the temperature sensor has a plastic body 1 resistant to temperatures up to 120 ° C. The body 1 has a conical and cylindrical shape. The body 1 has, on one side, a connecting base to be mounted to the substrate, on the opposite side, the body 1 is terminated with a sleeve 11, which in this example is made of non-ferrous metal to prevent corrosion and form a good sliding guide for the rod 3 and spring 4. The sleeve 11 is disposed in the axis of the body 1. A transverse groove is formed on the outer face of the sleeve 11, the width of which, with little play, corresponds to the thickness of the temperature-sensitive element 2.

The temperature sensitive element 2 is a shape memory metal buckle, is of the "C" shape and when the temperature reaches 90 ° C, the buckle is opened. At lower temperature, the temperature-sensitive element 2 fits into the circumferential groove 9 in the rod

3. The clips of the clip are inserted in the circumferential groove 9, thereby preventing the rod 3 from being inserted into the body 1. The desired activation temperature setting is mainly based on the choice of metal alloy components.

The rod 3 is made of non-ferrous metal and is slidably disposed in the opening of the mouthpiece 11. On the inside there are two cylindrical segments of the magnet 5 on the rod 3, at the end of the rod 3 is a nut with a washer that firmly connects the magnet 5 to the rod 3. the sleeve 11 is a spring 4 that presses on the magnet 5. The edge of the magnet 5 is inserted in the cavity 7 of the electromagnetic coil 6. The electromagnetic coil 6 has a winding connected to the connecting electrical contacts which in this example are located on the base of the body. a steel sleeve that forms a shield 8 against external electromagnetic fields

In the non-activated state, the spring 4 is held in a tensioned state by the temperature sensitive element 2, which blocks the position of the rod 3 with the magnet 5. After opening the temperature sensitive element 2, the spring 4 pushes the magnet 5 into the cavity 7; stop on the opposite side. The movement of the magnet 5 in the cavity 7 of FIG. 2 generates an electrical voltage, in the connected pyroactive extinguishing element a detonator ignites, blasting the extinguishing agent out of the container into the surroundings by explosion, thereby causing a rapid extinguishing of the fire.

Prior to the final installation of the temperature sensor, the rod 3 is equipped with a mechanical fuse 10, which in this example is formed by a pin threaded through a transverse opening at the outer end of the rod 3. The mechanical fuse 10 is colored orange. After pulling out the pin, the force from the spring 4 is transmitted through the form fit of the clip of the temperature-sensitive element 2 to the face of the sleeve 11. And the temperature sensor is ready for activation in the event of a fire.

Example 2

In this example of Figures 3 and 4, the temperature sensor of the preceding example is completed with a limit switch 13 and a measuring circuit. The limit switch 13 is located at the end of the magnet 5 so that the end of the rod 3, after releasing the temperature sensitive element 2, pushes and connects the contacts of the limit switch 13. These contacts are connected via a separate line to the electronic control panel and signal separate activation of the respective temperature sensor and pyroactive extinguishing element.

The measuring circuit includes a diode connected to the output of one winding branch of the electromagnetic coil 6. With different polarity, the winding resistance or the detonator resistance can be measured, the measured values being compared with the reference values during the inspection.

Example 3

In this example, in the sense of Figures 5 to 7, a plastic transport insert 12 is mounted on the outside of the sleeve 11. One end of the transport insert 12 has a conical face intended to abut on the outer conical surface of the body 1 at the point where the outer part of the sleeve 11 adjoins the body 1. The opposite face of the transport insert 12 and the sleeve 11 have two transverse grooves in each other. One groove is intended to guide the temperature sensitive element 2, the other to support the mechanical fuse 10 in the form of a pin.

Example 4

The temperature sensor is used in a fire-fighting system in a remote location, for example in a gas compressor station. The temperature sensor has its own alkaline battery, transmitter and GPS module. The battery is connected to the transmitter and the GPS module via a switch, which switches on only when the temperature sensor is activated. The switch is located opposite to the drawbar 3. After activation of the temperature sensor, the drawbar 3 with magnet 5 connects the battery to the circuits of the GPS module and the transmitter and the transmitter sends a temperature sensor activation signal along with the position. At the dispatching center they get information about the position of the activated temperature sensor.

S K 8448 Υί

In another example, an identification code may be used instead of the GPS module, which is transmitted by the transmitter when the temperature sensor is activated and, according to the identification code, at the dispatching center, assign to the message the location where the temperature sensor was installed.

Industrial usability

Industrial applicability is obvious. According to this technical solution, the temperature sensor of the fire-fighting system can be manufactured and used industrially and repeatedly, in particular for engaging a pyroactive fire extinguishing element. Such a system finds particular application in the protection of industrial buildings, distribution systems and is preferably used in systems without the need for electrical power.

S K 8448 Υί

List of reference marks and abbreviations

-teleso

- temperature sensitive element

- rod

- spring

- magnet

- electromagnetic coil

- cavity

- shielding

- circumferential groove

- mechanical fuse

-nátrubok

- transport liner

- limit switch

GPS -Gobal Positioning System, PCB navigation system - printed circuit board D - diode R - resistance k - control terminal a, b - limit switch terminals

Claims (16)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS A temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element, comprising a body (1), electrical connection contacts and a temperature sensitive element (2) disposed on the outside of the body (1), the temperature sensitive element (2) being adapted to deformation upon reaching a predetermined temperature, characterized in that, within the body (1), it comprises an electromagnetic coil (6) with an internal cavity (7), a movably mounted magnet (5), a spring (4), a rod (3) extending from inside the body (1) ) to the outside of the body (1), where the path of the movably mounted magnet (5) precedes the cavity (7) in the electromagnetic coil (6), the magnet (5) is connected to the rod (3) and is connected to the spring (4) which is arranged in the direction of insertion of the magnet (5) into the cavity (7) in the electromagnetic coil (7) and / or in the direction of passing the magnet (5) through the cavity (7) in the electromagnetic coil (7). ) under tension, at wherein in this state the temperature sensitive element (2) is connected to a part of the rod (3) on the outside of the body (1) and the winding ends of the electromagnetic coil (6) are connected to the connecting electrical contacts. The temperature sensor of the fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering the pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature-sensitive element (2) is formed by a metal clip with a thermal shape memory or a bimetal fuse. Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to claim 2, characterized in that the clip has the shape of a letter "C", its inwardly directed tips are in the circumferential groove (9) or in at least one notch on the drawbar 3), wherein the circumferential groove (9) or notch is located on the part of the rod (3) protruding from the bodies and (1). Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive extinguishing element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rod (3) with the spring (4) is housed inside the sleeve (11) which is part of the bodies and (1). Temperature sensor of the fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering the pyroactive extinguishing element according to claim 4, characterized in that the sleeve (11) and the rod (3) are made of non-ferrous metal or stainless steel. Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive extinguishing element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electromagnetic coil (6) has a shield (8), preferably in the form of a metallic outer casing. Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for lowering the pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rod (3) has a mechanical fuse (10) to hold the rod (3) in position with the spring (4) extended. Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for actuating the pyroactive extinguishing element according to claim 7, characterized in that the mechanical fuse (10) is pushed through a transverse opening in the rod (3). Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive extinguishing element according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has a measuring circuit for measuring the electrical properties of the electromagnetic coil (6), the measuring circuit being connected to contacts accessible from outside of the body (1), preferably also includes an identification resistance. Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to claim 9, characterized in that the measuring circuit comprises a rectifying diode. Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it has a GPS module, preferably powered by an electromagnetic coil (6). Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it has a transmitter, preferably powered by an electromagnetic coil (6). Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it comprises its own power supply or is connected to an external power supply, the power supply being connected via a switch to the GPS module and / or with the transmitter and the switch is located at the end position of the rod (3) with the magnet (5). Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it comprises an identification code. Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive extinguishing element according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it has a limit switch (13) which is located at the end of the path of the magnet (5). Temperature sensor of a fire-fighting system, in particular for triggering a pyroactive fire extinguishing element according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it has a transport insert (12), preferably of plastic, wherein one end of the transport insert (12) has a face calf surface With K 8448 (1), the opposite face of the transport insert (12) has two transverse grooves in a mutually perpendicular position to accommodate the temperature-sensitive element (2) and the mechanical fuse (10).