SK8377Y1 - Multifunction unit, water treatment plant with heat-utilizing processes comprising multifunctional unit and water treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

It is describes a multifunctional unit for treating water with heat-utilizing processes comprising the closed container (18) with at least one inlet the water vapor (A) to the pressure pipe (7), at least one inlet the conveyed medium (X) to the supply pipe (1), at least one inlet to the pipe (15) for heating the steam (A), at least one inlet to the pipe (17) for cooling the medium (D) and at least one outlet to thetransport pipe (8) for discharging the transported mixture (Y), wherein the container (18) consisting of the discharge chamber (21) and the working space (19) separated by the working pressure surface (20).

Description

The technical solution relates to a multifunctional unit, a method of water treatment with processes using heat, usable e.g. for the desalination and purification of waste waters which use thermal energy in the treatment process and devices for carrying out the process.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Water treatment plants, especially desalination plants, are technically and energy intensive. This difficulty and the intention to reduce it led to the development of several technologies, such as. VC - Vapor Compression, MSF - Multi Stage Flash and, in particular, the technologically and energetically acceptable way of desalination MED Multi Effect Distillation, using the principle of multi-stage evaporation. These devices are equipped with power units consisting of separate, discrete functional units, which are:

1. a separate propulsion engine (usually electric, internal combustion or steam), each having its own working volume, since the inventor of the first steam engine by the inventor of Newcomen, where he invented the atmospheric engine, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newcomen_atmospheric_engine; it has its own working volume, in which a rigid working piston (moving in the cylinder) is placed and its pressure working surface is operated by an expanding vapor carrying out the work. In the case of an electric motor, it also has its own working volume and uses a magnetic field to generate the driving force. Working medium carrying out work, in the case of a steam engine water vapor, in the case of an electric motor, electric energy, resp. electromagnetic energy, only contacts the work surface, usually rigid, located in the respective working space of the engine;

2. the separate pump, driven by said separate drive motor, also has its own volume into which the conveyed medium is sucked in and out of it.

In such devices, the driven pump is usually equipped with its own moving working piston, usually a rigid, force-applied to the conveyed medium, whereby at the point of contact of the working piston with the conveyed medium and the working space wall, undesirable phenomena occur especially in the case of abrasive conveyed medium. to the abrasive effect of the transported mixture on the working piston and the working space wall. The devices containing said drive units are characterized by high wear, high failure rate and unreliability, low durability and high demands on materials from which they are made for abrasion resistance.

Such drive units do not allow the working volume of the drive motor and the driven pump to be shared, and thus do not allow direct contact of the working medium (e.g. water vapor) with the conveyed medium and at the same time exert a direct force and heat on it.

In the existing water treatment plants, the conveyed medium is heated in separate heat exchangers with separate hydraulic circuits for the heating medium and the heated medium. Such an example is the multiple distillation system described in CN 102992532. The desalination process of this apparatus utilizes the principle of absorption cooling based on a working cooling mixture LiBr and water, while utilizing thermal energy from the process through separate heat exchange devices and methods. The plant comprises separate units including transport of the preheated conveyed medium in a separate heat exchanger, a separate pump with a separate separate drive and a distillation unit itself.

Similarly, in the application CN 101113030 in a medium conveying device, a separate pump with separate motor drive and separate heating units serves: the preheating of the conveyed mixture is carried out by a separate heat exchanger. This mixture is decomposed into a mixture of air with small water particles, followed by air heated by the respective separate heat exchanger for secondary heating to the evaporation temperature.

Such an embodiment of the water treatment device does not make it possible to heat the treated water by mixing the heating medium (e.g. water vapor) with the heated medium (e.g. sea water) in a common working space, which imposes increased demands on the heating medium temperature and is a dual-circuit heat exchanger with its associated hydraulic circuits. This results in lower energy efficiency.

Also of considerable importance is the fact that noble electric power is used to drive the engines of the powertrain engines in such devices, and the very application and the principle of the water treatment process depend heavily on its infrastructural availability. In many application areas for water treatment processes, such an infrared structure is not available / built, which makes it impossible to carry out the water treatment process with previously known technological devices. A general review of the use of renewable resources for the desalination process is provided in N. Ghaffour et al. Renewable energy-driven desalination technologies: A comprehensive review of the challenges and applications of integrated systems.

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Said devices for carrying out the water treatment process with said discrete blowing units are complex to manufacture with high requirements on the properties of construction materials, in particular their abrasion resistance, control, maintenance, transfer / forging and are energy / energy efficient, usually dependent on electrical energy or other, especially fossil energy source, i. j. energy network, infrastructure.

The essence of the technical solution

The solution according to the present invention eliminates the drawbacks of the hitherto known solutions resulting from the discrete solutions of the functional units.

The technical solution relates to a multifunctional unit for use in a water treatment plant with heat-using processes.

The technical solution further relates to a water treatment plant with heat utilization processes comprising this multifunctional unit.

The technical solution further relates to a method of water treatment with heat utilization processes in order to obtain clean water from various sources of surface water or polluted water.

Such surface or contaminated / waste water will hereinafter be referred to in the application as the conveyed medium.

The multifunctional unit enables to carry out the driving work, sucking of the conveyed medium and heating of the conveyed mixture in one working volume (in one vessel) and subsequent transport of the conveyed mixture. All these processes take place in one working cycle, which, together with the simplicity of the design, results in simplified control, reduced energy consumption and increased operational reliability. The multifunctional unit simultaneously represents a drive motor, a pump and a heater.

The multifunction unit comprises a container of the multifunction unit comprising: at least one inlet for the water vapor pressure line, at least one inlet for the vapor supply line, at least one inlet for the water vapor supply line (in the heating medium function), at least one inlet for the refrigerant pipe to supply the coolant and at least one outlet for the conveying pipe to discharge the conveyed mixture. Preferably, the container of the multifunctional unit comprises at least one outlet per post-expansion line. Each inlet includes an inlet valve and the outlet includes an outlet valve. Preferably all valves are electronically controlled.

The container of the multifunctional unit does not contain moving parts except valves. Preferably, the container may be cylindrical or cuboid, or truncated cone, or pyramid-shaped. Preferably, the width of the container is greater than the height due to the increase of the working pressure area. It is advantageous to make the container of the multifunctional unit e.g. made of abrasive, material-free pressure tube.

The container of the multifunctional unit is dynamically divided by the conveyed medium or conveyed mixture into a discharge chamber and a working space between which there is a working pressure surface. The discharge chamber is the part of the container of the multifunctional unit that during operation contains the conveyed medium or conveyed mixture. The working space is the part of the container of the multifunctional unit that does not contain the conveyed medium or conveyed mixture, respectively. it contains water vapor, post-expansion water vapor or chilled water vapor during operation. The working pressure surface is the level of the conveyed medium separating the discharge chamber from the working space.

The inlet to the pressure steam supply line is located in the working space, in the upper half of the container, preferably in the middle of the upper wall of the container. It is desirable for the water vapor supply to be as high as possible in the container, preferably from above, which, together with the centralization of the supply, ensures a more even effect of the water vapor on the working pressure surface.

The inlet to the inlet pipe and the inlet to the cooling pipe are located in the working space, in the upper half of the container, preferably on the side of the container.

The relative position of said inlets is not fixed, but both inlets should be positioned as high as possible, thus bringing the volume of the discharge chamber closer to the volume of the container of the multifunctional unit, in order to maximize the volume recovery, i.e.. j. increasing the maximum volume of the transported mixture in the discharge chamber, which is extruded in one cycle and making best use of the volume of the multifunctional unit.

The inlet to the heating pipe is located in the discharge chamber, at the bottom of the vessel. Said inlet is preferably located below the inlets for the cooling pipe and the inlet pipe. The inlet to the heating conduit is preferably located as low as possible in order to more effectively mix water vapor (as a heating medium function) with the conveyed media.

If the conveyor line is located on the opposite wall, preferably the inlet to the heating line is below the connection level of the conveyor line.

The outlet to the transport piping is located in the discharge chamber, at the bottom of the container of the multifunction unit. From the mixing point of view, it is advantageous to place the outlet on the conveying pipe on the opposite side

With K 8377 Υί side, the inlets to the supply, cooling and heating pipes are located. The outlet to the transport piping is located in the lower third of the container of the multifunction unit.

In order to maximize the volume, the outlet to the transport duct is preferably located in the container as low as possible - on the bottom wall of the container of the multifunctional unit, in order to increase the maximum volume of conveyed mixture in the discharge chamber which is extruded in one cycle.

The outlet for the post-expansion pipe is located in the workspace, between the top of the multifunction unit vessel and the level of the upper edge of the transport or heating pipe.

The preferred embodiment of the multifunctional unit makes it possible to utilize the enthalpy state of the post-expansion steam. In one step of extracting a portion of the post-expansion water vapor simultaneously, the residual heat of the post-expansion water vapor (e.g., for heating) is used, either directly in the water treatment process or some other process, further reducing the pressure and temperature of the water vapor forming the discharge chamber.

A temperature sensor may be placed around the outlet of the transport duct, on the container of the multifunctional unit. The temperature sensor allows to monitor the temperature condition of the conveyed mixture to optimize the control of the multifunctional unit, to adjust energy efficiently and to maintain the desired temperature of the conveyed mixture before it exits the multifunctional container.

The heat treatment water treatment apparatus comprises a supply line for supplying the conveyed medium. This supply line is connected via a supply valve to at least one multifunction unit described. The device may contain multiple multifunctional units connected in parallel. It is advantageous for their duty cycle to be phase shifted.

The apparatus further comprises a reservoir connected to the multifunctional unit via a conveyor line and a processing unit which is connected to the reservoir via a further conveyor line. A withdrawal line for collecting clean water and a waste line for the waste generated after the water treatment process. The apparatus further comprises a steam unit connected to the multifunction unit by means of a pressure line and a heating line. The heating pipe connects the multifunctional unit to the steam source - a steam generator that is part of the steam unit. The water vapor (in the function of the heating medium) is from the same source as the water vapor in the pressure line. The multifunctional unit is also connected to the cooling piping. This pipe may be connected to a supply pipe or a cooling unit. The coolant line connects the multifunction unit to the coolant source. Under suitable conditions, of a sufficiently low temperature of the conveyed medium, the conveyed medium may also be a cooling medium.

After the first cycle, the work surface in the multifunctional unit has its maximum and minimum height position. These positions are determined by the position of the pipes connected to the container of the multifunction unit. The maximum height position of the working pressure surface is at the level of the lower edge of the supply line or the lower edge of the cooling line, or the lower edge of the pressure line, whichever is lower. The minimum height position of the working pressure surface shall be at the level of the upper edge of the transport pipe or the upper edge of the heating pipe, whichever is higher. The difference between the maximum and minimum height positions of the working pressure area determines the volume quantity of the transported mixture in the discharge chamber, which is extruded in one cycle.

The multifunctional unit also performs partial or complete heating of the conveyed medium by mixing water vapor (as a heating medium function) with the conveyed medium in a common working space.

The medium to be conveyed (its volume dynamically forming the discharge chamber) is heated to the required temperature by the water steam supplied by the heating line through the open heating valve from the steam generator. In the discharge chamber, the conveyed medium is mixed with water vapor and thus more efficiently heated with optimum use of the heating thermal energy. After mixing the water vapor with the conveyed medium in the discharge chamber, the water vapor condenses and forms a conveyed mixture with the conveyed medium.

Even after the transport mixture has been formed, the mixture still has sufficiently accumulated thermal energy which is used in the next process. This means a significant increase in the use of thermal energy accumulated in the water vapor, either to increase the temperature of the transported mixture, to compensate for heat losses during transport of the transported mixture, or to the technological process of water treatment itself.

The solution of the heating in this way results in lowering the demands for the necessary higher temperature of water vapor (in function of heating medium) and replacement of the dual-circuit heat exchanger with its respective hydraulic circuits. This achieves the highest energy efficiency and design simplicity.

By optimizing the use of thermal energy, the need for further continuous heating of the transported mixture to the required temperature before the technological process of water treatment is eliminated.

The multifunctional unit is preferably located below the level of the free level of the treated water source (conveyed medium). This improves the pressure ratios between the pressure in the container of the multifunctional unit and the pressure of the free level of the water to be treated. Upon opening of the inlet valve due to the hydrostatic column, in order to equalize the pressures, the transported medium is passively pumped into the container of the multifunction unit. The consequence of this is a reduction in energy consumption and transport of the transported medium.

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The reservoir serves as a storage unit, in which the transported mixture formed in individual working cycles is stored. From the water tank, the transported mixture is continuously withdrawn into the technological unit by means of a transport piping based on the requirements for the water treatment process itself.

A heating unit can advantageously be connected between the water tank and the processing unit. If the process of mixing water vapor with the conveying medium is suitably set up to produce the conveying mixture with the desired thermal energy, no separate heat exchanger is required. Advantageously, before entering the process unit, there is a post-heating unit which, however, does not provide a primary additional post-heating, but ensures coverage of the fluctuation of the technological unit's requirements for the temperature of the conveyed mixture. In the event of a current need, the mixture is heated before it enters the processing unit. Larger temperature fluctuations are compensated by appropriate adjustment of the process parameters of the multifunction unit. However, the temperature compensation by the multifunctional unit has a time delay, so it is more efficient to use the reheating in the post-heating unit for small temperature corrections. The post-heater unit comprises a heat exchanger utilizing water vapor also formed in the steam unit. The heat exchanger of the after-heat unit is connected to the steam generator of the steam unit via the after-heat pipe. The water vapor has a higher temperature compared to the temperature of the conveyed mixture and the heat exchange takes place in short time intervals with a shorter time response.

The transported mixture with the necessary parameters for the actual technological process taking place in the technological unit is then transported through the transport piping to the technological unit.

The temperature of the transported mixture before entering the process unit is in the range of 60 ° C to 100 ° C. This defines the optimal application of this entire plant design to such heat-using water treatment technologies. One of the technologies that can use this technical solution is MED (Multi Effect Distillation) technology.

Since the aim is a plant and a process with the lowest input energy requirements, it is advantageous to utilize the process of recovering the process products in the water treatment process itself.

Preferred is:

1. use the thermal energy stored in the products of the water treatment process itself after leaving the technological unit to preheat the transported medium before entering the multifunctional unit;

2. Use part of the clean water, which is the product of the water treatment process after leaving the process unit, to produce steam in the steam generator.

For this reason, the waste pipe is preferably connected to a heat exchanger in the preheater generator.

In the preheater generator, heat from the waste products of the water treatment process is used to preheat the conveyed medium.

If the thermal energy accumulated in the waste products of the water treatment process is the source of thermal energy for preheating the conveyed medium, this thermal energy is recovered by recovery. This reduces the amount of primary externally input energy into the water treatment process, resulting in an energy advantage to the process resulting in reduced energy consumption and emission gas production.

According to a preferred embodiment, a portion of the clean water discharged via the sampling line may be discharged via a separate line to a steam unit for generating water vapor for use in the multifunctional unit. By using pure water from the water treatment process to generate steam, such equipment is less dependent on the necessary infrastructure and electrical energy and clean water.

The steam generator includes a steam generator which comprises a heat exchanger connected to a heat source. The steam generator may be connected to a source of water suitable for the preparation of water vapor. The heat source may be renewable energy and / or waste heat energy. The primary energy source is preferably geothermal energy. Most competing technologies generate a lot of low-temperature waste energy.

In the case of the generation of water vapor by heat from renewable sources, preferably a geothermal well, noble electric or other forms of motor energy are not consumed. If the thermal energy source for generating water vapor is mainly geothermal energy, a sustainable natural energy source is used, without producing emission gases.

The generation of water vapor instead of another energy carrier makes it possible to apply the device also in areas without the possibility of producing an electricity supply infrastructure. For the operation of the whole equipment is sufficient small source of electricity, which serves to cover regulation and control, without the need of built infrastructure, usually the source of electricity based on solar radiation, wind energy and the like. providing, in particular, power to the control system of electrically operated valves.

A further advantage is the possibility of carrying out the water treatment process under conditions where no other energy sources are available, e.g. electricity, gas.

Another object of the present invention is a method of treating water with heat-using processes.

Before the start of the first operating cycle, in parallel with it and subsequently throughout the process, the water in the steam generator is heated by means of a heat exchanger from a heat source and converted into water vapor. Water losses need to be compensated throughout the process. Preferably, discharging a portion of the clean water from the process treatment to a steam generator of the steam unit.

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Water must be supplied to the steam generator before starting the entire water treatment process. After the inlet valve has been opened, the conveyed medium is sucked in through the working space of the multifunction unit container due to the underpressure generated, and transported through the supply line into the multifunction unit container.

The volume of transported medium in the container of the multifunctional unit creates a discharge chamber. Subsequently, the inlet valve is closed.

Another aspect of the water treatment method with heat utilization processes is that the conveyed medium - water that requires treatment - is fed to the multifunctional unit and processed by conveying the conveyed medium to the desired temperature depending on the subsequent technological treatment by feeding water vapor directly to the treated The water is then treated with water vapor on the surface of the treated water / water vapor mixture, transporting the mixture from the multifunctional unit to the water reservoir, which ensures the subsequent continuous delivery of the conveyed mixture to the process unit.

Technological processing of the mixture can be desalination of water by means of MED technology - multistage distillation or purification of contaminated water by the technology of thermal pasteurization.

In the case of the first operating cycle (start), to start the process, as there may be no vacuum in the container of the multifunction unit, the following steps are inserted before opening the inlet valve and sucking in the conveyed medium:

• the pressure valve opens, • water vapor is fed into the multifunctional unit via the open pressure valve of the pressure line, • the pressure valve is subsequently closed, • the cooling valve opens, • then the coolant is fed into the multifunction unit via the open cooling valve, • The cooling valve is closed.

The next steps are common to all cycles (including the first one).

Subsequently, water vapor from the steam generator of the steam unit enters the discharge chamber via an open heating valve.

Mixing the water vapor with the conveyed medium produces a conveyed mixture. When the desired temperature is reached, the heating valve closes.

Subsequently, water vapor from the steam generator enters the working space via an open pressure valve through the pressure line. In the working space, the pressure exerted by the force exerted by the pressure exerted on the working pressure surface and thus on the conveying mixture located with and in the discharge chamber increases.

Subsequently, after opening the outlet valve, the vapor pressure generated in the working space expels the conveyed mixture from the discharge chamber to the conveying line. This happens as long as the working pressure surface does not drop to its minimum height position, respectively. until it reaches the desired height position. In this case, the outlet valve closes at the same time as the pressure valve closes.

During the process of discharging the conveyed mixture from the discharge chamber to the conveying pipeline, the temperature and pressure of the water vapor being carried out decreases and the water vapor changes into a post-expansion water vapor having lower pressure, temperature and enthalpy compared to the water vapor supplied to the multifunction vessel.

The aim of the next steps is to reduce the pressure (and temperature) in the workspace, which is formed by the post-expansion steam.

A preferred embodiment of the multifunctional unit allows the post-expansion water vapor to be discharged by opening the post-expansion valve through the post-expansion line from the working space of the multifunction unit container. After the pressure in the vessel is equalized, the sapo-expansion valve closes.

Subsequently, the coolant is injected into the work space by opening the cooling valve through the cooling line from the cooling unit. The cooling medium is supplied in such a manner and in such an amount that it converts the water vapor filling the working space of the multifunctional unit vessel into condensate. The cooling valve is then closed.

At the same time, the mixture contained in the transport piping is transported to the water tank and from it to the technological unit.

In case of actual need, the transported mixture is heated in the post-heating unit after leaving the water tank and before entering the technological unit.

In the process unit, the process in question turns the transported mixture into clean water leaving the process through the sampling line and into a waste product leaving the process through the waste line

In a preferred embodiment, the heat from the waste product from the technological treatment in the preheater generator is used to preheat the conveyed medium.

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 schematically illustrates a water treatment plant with heat utilization processes.

In FIG. 2, the multifunctional unit is shown.

In FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a preferred embodiment of a water treatment device with heat utilizing processes.

In FIG. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of the multifunctional unit.

In FIG. 5 shows a detail of the outputs from the processing unit.

In FIG. 6 is a schematic detail of the parallel connection of a plurality of multifunctional units.

In FIG. 7 shows a multifunctional unit with a maximum volume of transported mixture in the discharge chamber, which is printed in one working cycle of the multifunctional unit.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

The water treatment plant with the heat utilization processes shown in Figure 1 consists of a supply line 1, one end of which (inlet) is submerged in a surface or contaminated water source. The other end (outlet) of the supply line 1 is connected via the supply valve 22 to the multifunction unit 3 in its upper third.

The steam unit 31 is connected by the pressure line 7 and the heating line 15 to the multifunction unit 3. Where the pressure line 7 is connected to the multifunction unit 3 from above and the heating line 15 is connected in the lower half of the multifunction unit 3. The steam unit 31 comprises a water supply 12.

The steam unit 31 consists of a steam generator 6 comprising a heat exchanger 5 connected to a heat source 4, which may be a geothermal well.

The coolant source 16 is connected via a cooling line 17 to the multifunction unit 3 below the supply line 1.

From the multifunction unit 3, a conveying line 8 is connected, which is connected to a water reservoir 9, which is connected to the processing unit 10 by another conveying line 8. The output from the processing unit 3 to the conveying line 8 is located in the lower half of the height of the processing unit 3.

The desalination plant 10 includes MED (Multi Effect Distillation) technology and thermal pasteurisation technology for contaminated water purification.

A sampling line 11 and a waste line 13 are provided from the processing unit 10.

Example 2

The multifunctional unit 3 in Figure 2 comprises the container 18 of the multifunctional unit 3. The following enter:

A pressure line 7 with a pressure valve 23; a pressure line 7 is located at the top of the container at its center;

A supply line 1 with a supply valve 22; the supply line is located in the upper quarter of the height of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3;

A cooling line 17 with a cooling valve 25; the cooling line 17 is located just below the supply line 1;

A heating line 15 with a heating valve 26. The heating line 15 is located in the lower quarter of the height of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3 below the cooling line 17 and the supply line 1.

A transport line 8 with an outlet valve 24 emerges from the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3. The transport line 8 is located in the lower third of the height of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3 on the wall opposite the location of the supply, cooling and heating pipes 1, 17, 15.

The volume of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3 is divided by the conveyed medium X into a discharge chamber 21 and a working space 19 which are separated from each other by a working pressure surface 20, which constitutes the level of the conveyed medium X.

In the vicinity of the connection of the conveying line 8, a temperature sensor 27 is arranged inside the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3.

Example 3

The water treatment plant with the heat utilization processes shown in Figure 3 comprises a device similar to that shown in Figure 1, in addition comprising: a preheater generator 2 connected to the supply line 1 in front of the multifunction unit 3.

A waste pipe 13 emerges from the processing unit 10 and enters the heat exchanger

14. This heat exchanger 14 is part of the preheater 2. The waste pipe 13 exits from the preheater generator 2 after the heat has been transferred.

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From the process unit 10, a withdrawal line 11 is discharged, discharging clean water, from which a steam line 12 for supplying water to the steam unit 31 exits.

Between the reservoir 9 and the processing unit 10, a post-heating unit 29 is provided, through which the conveying line 8 passes. The post-heating unit 29 comprises a heat exchanger 30 which is connected to the steam unit 31 by a heating line 28.

Example 4

The multifunctional unit 3 in Figure 4 consists of the multifunctional unit 3 according to Example 2, which additionally comprises an outlet of the post-expansion pipe 32 with the post-expansion valve 33. The post-expansion pipe 32 is located in the upper third of the height of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3.

Example 5

A water treatment plant with heat utilization processes comprises similar apparatus to that described in Example 1, which additionally comprises an additional multifunction unit 3 connected in parallel (shown in Figure 6) to the multifunction unit 3 present in the apparatus of Example 1.

Example 6

Method of water treatment in the plant according to the technical solution (Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6). All valves are closed. After opening the inlet valve 22 in the multifunction unit 3, the conveyed medium X at 25 ° C is sucked through the supply line 1 into the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3. The conveyed medium X is preheated to 28 ° C in the preheat generator 2 before entering the multifunction unit 3. . The supplied volume of conveyed medium X forms the discharge chamber 21.

Subsequently, the inlet valve 22 is closed. By means of the heat exchanger 5, the heat from the heat source 4 converts the clean water B supplied by the steam generating line 12 in the steam generator 6 to the water vapor A. The heating valve 26 is opened and then the steam vapor A with heating pressure 15 MPa and 250 ° C into the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3, it heats and converts the conveyed medium X to the conveyed mixture Y. The discharge chamber 21 is constituted by the conveyed mixture Y. The heating valve 26 is closed. Subsequently, the pressure valve 23 and water vapor A with a pressure of 4 MPa and a temperature of 250 ° C are opened through the pressure line 7 via the open pressure valve 23 into the working space 19.

The water vapor A exerts a force through the working pressure surface 20 on the volume of the discharge chamber 21. After the outlet valve 24 is opened, the conveyed mixture Y with a temperature of 65 ° C is discharged into the conveying line 8 by water vapor acting on the working pressure surface 20. progressively changes to vapor expansion water E This process takes place until the working pressure surface 20 drops to a predefined level. The outlet valve 24 is then closed and the pressure valve 23 is closed at the same time. The expansion water vapor E has a pressure of 0.2 MPa and a temperature of 120 ° C. Upon opening of the expansion valve 33, the expansion water vapor E exits through the expansion tube 32 from the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3. After the pressure drop (and temperature drop), the sapo expansion valve 33 closes.

Subsequently, the cooling valve 25 is opened and the cooling water D at 25 ° C is introduced into the working space 19 and the cooling valve 25 is closed. The conveyed mixture Y contained in the conveying line 8 is fed into the reservoir 9 and thereafter through the conveying line 8 to the processing unit 10 via the post-heating unit 29. Water vapor A enters the heat exchanger 30 of the post-heating unit 29. steam A through the heating line 28 and enters the steam generator 6 of the steam unit 31.

In the process unit, the conveyed mixture Y is transformed into pure water W, which leaves the process unit 10 through a sampling line 11 from which the steam generating line 12 exits. The waste product C is discharged from the process unit 10 through the waste line 13 to the heat exchanger 14 of the preheater 2 generator, and after heat transfer, the waste product C exits through the waste line 13 from the preheater 2.

Example 7

The multifunction unit 3 is made up of components as shown in Example 2, but with a change in the position of the piping as follows:

• the pressure line 7 is located in the upper half of the height of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3, • the supply line is located in the upper half of the height of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3 on the opposite wall, opposite the pressure line 7; • the heating line 15 is sanached in the lower sixth of the height of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3. The conveying line 8 is located on the lower wall of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3.

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Example 8

The multifunctional unit 3 in Figure 7 is made up of components as shown in Example 2, but with a change in pipe position as follows:

• the pressure line 7 is located at the top of the vessel, in its axis, • the supply line 1 is located at the top of the vessel, outside its center, • the cooling line 17 is located at the top of the vessel, outside its center, height of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3, the conveying line 8 is located at the bottom wall of the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3.

Example 9

In a water treatment method such as that described in Example 6 of the multifunction unit start-up cycle before opening the inlet valve 22, the following steps are first performed:

• water is supplied to the steam generator, • pressure valve 23 is opened and steam A enters through the pressure line 7 into the container 18 of the multifunction unit 3, and • pressure valve 23 is closed, • cooling valve 25 is opened through which the coolant is injected D, causing a drop in temperature and pressure when the cooling valve 25 closes.

Industrial usability

A water treatment plant with heat utilization processes and a method for water treatment with heat utilization processes according to the present invention will be applied in water management, especially in the field of treatment of various surface water or polluted water sources.

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List of reference marks

- inlet pipe

- preheater generator

- multifunction unit

- source of heat

- heat exchanger (process heat input)

- steam generator

- pressure pipes

- transport piping

- water tank

- technological unit

11- sampling line

- steam generating pipes

- waste pipe

- heat exchanger (from process waste heat)

- heating pipe

- cooling unit

- cooling pipes

-container

- workspace

- working pressure area

- discharge chamber

- inlet valve

- pressure valve

- outlet valve

- cooling valve

- heating valve

- Temperature Sensor

- heating pipe

- heater unit

- heat exchanger

- steam unit

- post-expansion pipe

- post-expansion valve

X - conveyed medium

Y - conveyed mixture

A - water vapor

B - pure water for steam generation

C - waste product

D - coolant

E-post-expansion water vapor

F - chilled water vapor

W - pure water

Claims (29)

Multifunctional water treatment unit with heat-utilizing processes, characterized in that it comprises a closed vessel (18), equipped with at least one inlet for the pressure line (7) for the supply of steam (A), at least one inlet for the supply line (1) ) for supplying the conveyed medium (X), with at least one inlet for the heating steam supply line (15), at least one inlet for the cooling medium supply line (17) for the cooling medium supply (D) and at least one outlet conveying line (8) ) for conveying the conveying mixture (Y), each inlet comprising an inlet valve (22, 23, 25,26) and an outlet comprising an outlet valve (24), the vessel (18) consisting of a discharge chamber (21) and a work space (19) ), wherein the discharge chamber (21) is the portion of the vessel (18) that contains the conveyed medium (X) or the conveyed mixture (Y) during operation, and the working space (19) is the portion of the vessel (18) that contains water vapor during operation. (A) or poexpa low water vapor (E), or chilled water vapor (F), and wherein the discharge chamber (21) is separated from the working space (19) by a working pressure surface (20) formed by the level of conveyed medium (X) or conveyed mixture (Y). ), wherein the inlet to the pressure line (7) for the water supply (A), the inlet to the supply line (1) and the inlet to the cooling line (17) are located in the working port (19) of the container (18) of the multifunction unit; the inlet to the heating pipe (15) and the outlet to the conveying pipe (8) are located in the discharge chamber (21). The multifunctional unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the container (18) has at least one outlet of a post-expansion line (32) comprising an outlet post-expansion valve (33). The multifunctional unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the outlet for the post-expansion line (32) is located between the top of the container (18) and the level of the upper edge of the conveying line (8). The multifunctional unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the container (18) of the multifunctional unit comprises a temperature sensor (27) located in the discharge chamber (21) at the outlet of the conveying line (8). The multifunctional unit according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that the inlet to the pressure line (7) for the water vapor supply (A) is located in the upper half of the vessel (18). The multifunctional unit according to claim 5, characterized in that the inlet to the pressure line (7) for the water vapor supply (A) is located on the top of the container (18). Multifunction unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet to the inlet pipe (1) and the inlet to the cooling pipe (17) are located in the upper half of the container (18). Multifunctional unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet to the conveyor line (8) is located in the lower third of the container. The multifunctional unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the outlet to the conveying duct (8) is located on the bottom wall of the container. The multifunctional unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the outlet to the conveyor line (8) is located on the side wall of the vessel and the heating line (15) s and is below the level of the outlet to the conveyor line (8). The multifunctional unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inlet to the heating conduit (15) is located at the side of the vessel (18) in its lower third. The multifunctional unit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the container (18) has the shape of a cylinder or a cuboid, or a truncated cone, or truncated pyramid. Water treatment plant with heat-utilizing processes, characterized in that it comprises at least one multifunctional unit (3) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, connected to a supply line (1) for connecting a source of conveyed medium (X) to the multifunctional unit (3), a steam unit (31) connected to the multifunction unit (3) via a pressure line (7) and a heating line (15), a cooling unit (16) connected to the multifunction unit (3) via a cooling line (17), a water tank (9) ), connected to the multifunction unit (3) via a transport line (8), a processing unit (10) connected by a transport line to a water tank, the processing unit (10) comprising at least one outlet for the clean water sampling line (11) and at least one outlet for drain pipe (13). Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the steam unit (31) is composed of a steam generator (6) comprising a heat exchanger (5) connected to a heat source (4). Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the heat source (4) is a geothermal borehole. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises two or more multifunction units (3) connected in parallel. Apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that a steam generating pipe (12) is connected to the sampling line (11) and is connected to a steam generator (6) in the steam unit (31). S K 8377 Υί Device according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that a preheater generator (2) with a heat exchanger (14) is arranged between the source of the conveyed medium (X) and the multifunction unit (3). Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the waste pipe (13) is connected to a heat exchanger (14) of the preheater generator (2). Device according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that a heating unit (29) is connected between the water tank (9) and the processing unit (10). Device according to any one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the multifunction unit (3) is located below the free level of the source of the conveyed medium (X). Method of water treatment with heat utilizing processes carried out in an apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that after opening the inlet valve (22), the conveyed medium (X) is sucked in and conveyed through the inlet pipe (1) to the vessel (18). ) of a multifunctional unit, where its volume creates a discharge chamber (21) and subsequently the inlet valve (22) is closed and by means of a heat exchanger (5) heat from the heat source (4) converts water in the steam generator (6) of steam unit (31) water vapor (A) which, following the opening of the heating valve (26) via the heating line (15), enters the discharge chamber (21) and mixes with the conveyed medium (X) to form the conveyed mixture (Y) while heating and reaching the desired temperature the heating valve (26) is closed and after the pressure valve (23) is opened, the water vapor (A) from the steam generator (6) of the steam unit (31) subsequently enters the pressure line (7) via (19) and pressurizes the working chamber (20) on the volume of the discharge chamber (21) and after opening the outlet valve (24) the conveyed mixture (Y) is discharged into the conveying line (8) until the working pressure area reaches the desired the height position and when it is reached, the outlet valve (24) is closed at the same time as the pressure valve (23) is closed, after which the cooling medium (D) is injected into the working space and the cooling valve (25) is closed; the conveyed mixture (Y) present in the pipeline (8) is conveyed to the water tank (9) and thereafter to the process unit (10) in which it is transformed into pure water (W) leaving the process through the sampling line (11) and waste product (C) leaving the process through the waste pipe (13). Water treatment method according to claim 22, characterized in that the start-up duty cycle of the multifunction unit (3) comprises the following steps before opening the inlet valve (22): after opening the pressure valve (23), it enters the vessel (7) through the pressure line (7). 18) water vapor (A), after reaching the desired pressure, the pressure valve (23) is closed with subsequent opening of the cooling valve (25) through which the cooling medium (D) is injected and then the cooling valve (25) is closed. Water treatment method according to claims 22 or 23, characterized in that the temperature of the conveyed mixture (Y) before entering the process unit (10) is in the temperature range of 60 to 100 ° C. Water treatment method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the technological treatment of the mixture in the processing unit (10) is the desalination of the water by means of MED technology - multistage distillation or purification of contaminated water by thermal pasteurization technology. Water treatment method according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that after closing the pressure valve (23) and before opening the cooling valve (25), the post-expansion steam (E) is discharged by opening the post-expansion valve (33) through the post-expansion line. (32) from the working port (19) of the container (18) of the multifunctional unit and after the pressure drop in the container (18) the post-expansion valve (33) is closed. Water treatment method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that a portion of the pure water (W) from the processing is discharged to a steam unit (31) for producing water vapor (A). Water treatment method according to any one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that the heat from the waste product (C) from the technological treatment is used in the preheater generator (2) to preheat the conveyed medium (X). Water treatment method according to any one of claims 22 to 28, characterized in that the conveyed mixture (Y) is heated in the post-heating unit (29) after leaving the water tank (9) and before entering the process unit (10).