SK6826Y1 - Insect repellent - Google Patents

Abstract

Insect repellent containing in 100 parts by weight 0,1 to 18 parts by weight at least one essential oil and 82 to 99,9 parts by weight of water and/or a hydrosol of a plant, and/or vegetable oil and/or beeswax, and/or stearic acid, and/or polyhydric alcohol, and/or sodium tetraborate. Essential oil contains basil oil, and/or eucalyptus, citronella, tea tree, bergamot, rosemary, lemon balm, clove, cinnamon, lavender, mint, cedar, patchouli, star anise, citrus, Melaleuca. They are intended for application on the skin surface or impregnation of the textile wears.

Description

The solution concerns preparations designed to repel stinging insect repellents based on substances of natural origin.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Preparations designed to repel pests and annoying insects are generally called repellents. Repellents used to repel stinging insects - especially mosquitoes, flies, ears, ticks etc. they form a substantial part. Chemical repellents are usually applied as contact formulations or in the form of vapors, and their common feature is that they repel the insects against which they are effective. The condition is that they must be well tolerated by the host, especially if they are human, who must not be bothered in any way by their application. The application of effective repellents is also of great importance in connection with the development of animal production in repelling ectoparasites. Equally important is the use of suitable repellents to repel pests from the consumption of cultivated plants. Research on chemical repellents in the last fifty years has focused mainly on the search for synthetic substances - chemicals that would be effective to protect humans from insect attack.

Already during World War II, a large research program was carried out in the USA to test a variety of chemicals for their repellent efficacy. It was the discovery of new repellent-effective chemicals that was of considerable importance for the success of military operations against the Japanese in the Far East. At some point, US soldiers were 90 percent likely to become ill as a result of some of the tropical infections transmitted by stinging insects before they even met the enemy. In 1945, about 7,000 chemical compounds were tested in the United States Department of Agriculture, reaching around 11,000 in 1957.

One of the first insect repellent chemical compounds was dimethyl phthalate (1929), which became an important component of skin-repellent contact repellents. However, dimethyl phthalate was not sufficiently effective against all kinds of flies. During World War II, other chemical repellents were discovered. Two of these are 6-butoxycarbonyl-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydropyran-4-one, known as indalon, and 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, referred to as Rutger s. These chemical repellents have been widely used in admixture with dimethyl phthalate to broaden the spectrum of its activity. Dibutyl phthalate and benzyl benzoate (spotted typhoid) have also been used to impregnate garments as mite protection. N-butylacetanilide has also been successfully used to protect against ticks.

These mixtures were later replaced by the more potent 3-methylbenzoic acid Ν, Ν-dimethylamide, known under the common name deet. Deet began to be used in 1955, becoming the most widespread chemical repellent with a wide range of efficacy, especially for mosquitoes, flies, mites and other stinging insects.

These chemical repellents appear to act to eliminate the effect of stimulators excreted by animal bodies at some distance, for example, to prevent mosquitoes from finding a warm, damp surface. In the early 1980s, the repellent effects of 2-hydroxyoctosulfide were reported to repel cockroaches.

It is also known that many pyrethroids exhibit repellent activity in addition to insecticidal. For example, it is known that after spraying a room with petroleum solution of a pyrethre, flies are avoiding the treated parts of the house for a long time.

Also effective as deet is icaridine, which is known as picaridine (K.BR 3023, Bayrepel, Saltidin). It is a relatively complicated ester (hydroxyethyl isobutyl piperidine carboxylate, C12H23NO3, CAS: 119515-38-7), which is known in two racemic diastereomers. According to the literature, the great advantage of this chemical compound is that it allows to achieve an unusually long repellent activity (up to 8 hours).

Merck has registered a repellent active substance derived from alanine and beta-alanine (IR 3535) in the US. The subject repellent active is chemically defined as ethyl 3- (acetyl (butyl) amino) propionate, respectively. 3- (N-butyl-N-acetyl) -aminopropionic acid ethyl ester (C11H21NO3, CAS: 52304-36-6), is reported to be effective against mosquitoes and ticks. The advantage of the chemical compound IR 3535 according to the manufacturer's data is that it has the character of a biopesticide.

In addition to chemical repellents, various herbal extracts have been used since time immemorial. Their effect was usually based on the content of various terpenes such as geraniol, nerol, citronellol, borneol and the like. Repellent active terpenes are also the essence of some essential oils - plant essential oils, which are isolated from selected plant species and parts (usually by steam distillation, liquid carbon dioxide extraction, maceration using suitable extraction agents, etc.). The repellent efficacy of some essential oils is generally known, but their wider application than repellents prevents their

SK 6826 Υ1 relatively high flowability, limited availability, lower and especially shorter efficacy compared to chemical repellents and often unsuitable and ineffective dosage form. Compared to repellents prepared on the basis of synthetically prepared chemical compounds, repellents prepared from plant extracts have the essential advantage of being more environmentally friendly and their users.

The essence of the technical solution

It has now been found that many of the abovementioned deficiencies of the hitherto practically used substances having repellent activity against stinging insects such as mosquitoes, flies, beetles, axes, bees, but also miniature flyflies, fly flies, simulium and ticks can be removed by using preparations prepared without the use of synthetically prepared chemical repellents exclusively based on substances of plant origin in the sense of the solution. The basis of these preparations are specifically selected mixtures of essential oils - vegetable essential oils incorporated in the necessary concentration into suitable media-carriers, which creates a prerequisite for their undemanding, ecological and safe application and also their longer-term effectiveness.

The sting insect repellents according to the invention are characterized in that they contain, in 100 parts by weight, 0.1 to 18 parts by weight of at least one essential oil - vegetable oil. The remainder of these preparations, i.e. 82 to 99.9 parts by weight, comprises water and / or vegetable hydrosol, and / or vegetable oil, and / or beeswax, and / or stearic acid, and / or polyhydric alcohol, and / or or some of the vegetable oil soaps, and / or sodium tetraborate, and / or the ethoxylated alcohol, and / or any of the gel-forming agents.

The designation of essential oils is derived from the Greek aiter, which means high air and means heavenly and easily volatile. Each essential oil has its own specific aroma - its own character and its subtle energy. It hides fragrances in the form of fine emulsions in various parts of some plants (flowers, leaves, stems, seeds, wood or roots). Essential oils are isolated from plants by various techniques. steam distillation.

Essential oils are highly concentrated and should never be used in concentrated form. However, when used correctly, essential oils do not cause any side effects. The use of essential oils is widespread in the context of several therapeutic processes. Essential oil therapies are based on stimulating the life force and activating the body's self-healing powers - they support the effects of homeopathic remedies, support and regulate the natural defensive mental and physical processes, and normalize important functions of the body.

The presence of essential oils in plants is also the reason that certain plants, respectively. the various extracts from such plants repel certain animals.

Essential oils for which repellent activity has been found against various types of stinging insects include, but are not limited to, basil, eucalypt, lemon, palmarose, vetver, honey, cloves, cinnamon, lavender, linalo, peppermint, bergamot, rosemary, rosemary, rosemary, rosemary , citrus, star anise and tea tree oil.

The sting insect repellent compositions of the invention may be solution, aqueous emulsion, oil, gel or cream, depending on the recipe and process employed. In the case of a suitably chosen recipe, the formulations according to the invention can also be used for impregnating textile uppers in order to provide protection against insects during outdoor activities.

The basil oil is obtained by steam distillation from the flowering stems of basil (Ocimum basiiicum) at a yield of 0.05 to 0.13%. It is a colorless, light yellow to light green liquid with an intense sweet-spicy aroma. It contains up to 66% eugenol and linalool, chavicyl methyl ether, cineol, methylcinnamate, nerol, nerolidol, linalyl acetate and terpinyl acetate.

Eucalyptus oil is sometimes also referred to as gum oil. Especially in Australia and the Mediterranean, it is obtained from the leaves of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), by steam distillation at a reported yield of about 1%. It is a colorless to yellow liquid with a spicy camphor aroma. Contains 70-90% eucalyptol (1,8-cineol).

According to its source, lemon oil is also commonly referred to as lemongrass or as a perfume oil or silica. It is obtained by distillation from fresh or dried parts of Cymbopogon nardus, Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon fleuosus at a yield of about 0,5%. These are grasses growing in tropical and subtropical areas. The oil obtained - vegetable oil, has a light yellow to yellow-brown color and smells distinctly, pleasantly lemon. Quality silica must contain min. 75% citral, also containing myrcene, dipentene, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol, decanal, citronellal, linalool, geraniol and nerol.

Palmarose oil is produced by distilling the above-ground parts of the Cymbopogon martini plant.

It is a perennial herb with long stems that are topped with flowers. It grows wild, but is also grown in India, Java, Seychelles and Comoros, and Brazil. It is obtained from plants with unusually high

SK 6826 VI - up to 11%. Geraniol content, which should be 75 to 94%, is used for quality evaluation.

The vetiver oil is isolated from the freely sun-dried roots of Vetivería zizanoides, by steam distillation, obtaining from 1 to 1.5% yield or by steam distillation. The obtained silica is a viscous dark brown liquid of earthy-wood sweet odor. It contains vetivenol, vetivenol, vetivon, vetiverol, vetivenon, vetiverol esters, palmitic and benzoic acid and chusinol.

Lemon balm oil is obtained by extracting flowers and young shoots of Melissa officinalis. The essential oil is obtained with a yield of 0.7 to 1%. The particular silica thus obtained is usually further purified by extraction with ethanol to give 20 to 25% absolute essential oil. It consists primarily of geraniol, linalool, citronellol, citronellal and citral.

Bergamot oil is isolated by pressing, or less frequently, by distilling the green peels of the fruits of the orange parchment (Citrus beramia, Citrus aurantum). The yield of essential oil is about 0.5%. The oil has a light green or brownish-yellow color with a freshly fruity woody aroma. The quality of the oil is judged on the basis of the content of linalylacetate (30 to 45%).

Clove oil is obtained from Eugénia caryophyliata, distinguishing its two species. Oil obtained from the leaves, yielding 1.5 to 4.5% oil, or silica isolated from dried flower buds, where the yield is substantially higher and the literature reports 16 to 19%. Both types of essential oils are usually obtained by steam distillation, with eugenol content of 84 to 93% being decisive in assessing their quality. In addition, essential oils include eugenylacetate, alpha-pinene, methylbenzoate, heptanol, nonanol, benzyl alcohol, 2-furfuryl alcohol, methyl salicylate, and beta-caryophylene. Freshly isolated silica is light yellow, which darkens when stored. It has a typical eugenol aroma.

Cinnamon oil is isolated by steam distillation from parts of Cinnamon (Cinnammomum zeylanicum). Also, this essential oil may be a type of oil obtained either from lanceolate leaves (yield about 1.8%) or from the bark of the tree (yield only 0.5 to 1%). The oil isolated from the bark is reddish brown with a characteristic spicy aroma, while the oil obtained from the leaves is light yellow, clove-like. Oil obtained from the bark of a tree is characterized by a high content of cinnamaldehyde (70 to 90%), while foliar essential oil is characterized by a phenol content, in particular eugenol (80 to 88%) and a cinnamaldehyde content of only up to 7%.

Lavender oil is produced by distilling the blooming stems of lavender (Lavendula officinalis, Lavandula augustifolia). It is obtained with a yield of 0.8 to 1.5%. It is a colorless to slightly yellowish-green liquid characterized by a sweet-herbal, slightly floral aroma, with minor aroma differences characteristic of the essential oils of each province. Essential oils from different regions also have a slightly different chemical composition. To evaluate the quality of lavender oil, the content of linaylacetate (30 to 60%) is usually used, which, together with linalool (about 50%), is its main constituent.

Linalo oil is isolated from the crushed wood of Bursera (Burseraceae) trees, mainly Bursera delpechiana, which grow naturally or are grown in tropical and subtropical areas. Oil yield is good and on average reaches 8% or more. The essential oil is a colorless pleasant slightly pink scent with a slight camphor touch. The quality of the oil is mainly assessed on the basis of the contents of linalool (up to 85%) and linalyl acetate (14 to 27%). It also contains geraniol, nerol, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and myrcene.

Peppermint oil is obtained by distilling the flower stems of Mentha piperita officinalis. The yield of essential oil is 1.6 to 1.8%. It is a sweet yellow liquid of fresh mint scent with a balsamic tinge and a typical cooling effect. The properties and aroma of essential oil are highly dependent on the type of plant being treated and the location where the plant was grown. The quality of the oil is usually judged by the content of menthol (20 to 65%) and menton.

The rosemary oil is isolated from the flowering non-woody rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) by distillation with water vapor. It is a sweet yellow liquid with a fresh herbal-balsamic aroma with a slight woody tinge. The quality of the essential oil is evaluated on the basis of the alcohol content (bomeol, 8-18%) and the ester content (bornyl acetate, usually 1 to 7%).

Cedar oil is obtained by distillation of roots, wood waste (sawdust) and leaves of evergreen tree (Juniperus virginiana, Cedrus atlantica, Cedrus libani). By distillation of the wood at a yield of 2.5 to 4.5%, a salty-yellow silica of a distinctive woody aroma with a balsamic tint is obtained. The quality of this cedar oil is determined by its cedar content (20-30%).

The distillation of the leaves and fresh shoots yields cedar oil (yield 0.4-0.7%), which is a weak green liquid of intense fresh camphor-like aroma resembling sage.

Patchouli oil is isolated by distillation from fermented or dry semi-hornbeam leaves (Pogostemon cablin, Pogostemon patchouli) with typical felty saw-like leaves, which are widely grown in Indonesia, Malaysia, Madagascar, Seychelles, Brazil, Paraguay, China and India. In steam distillation, an oil yield of 1.5 to 3.5% is achieved. Patchouli oil is a brown liquid with a typical aromatic-spice, sweet balsamic and earthy-wood aroma.

Cabbage oil is obtained by the distillation of young shoots and fresh leaves of a tree (Melaleuca lecadendron), which grows in the Pacific Islands, in Northern Australia and also in Florida. In steam distillation, the yield of essential oil is about 1%. Cabin oil contains 50 to 65% of 1,8-cineol, further comprising α-pinene, D-limonene, dipentene, α-terineol, benzaldehyde and valeraldehyde.

SK 6826 Υ1

It is a colorless or just light yellow or light green liquid with a pleasant, fresh camphor aroma.

Citrus, usually orange oil, is obtained from the peel of oranges (Citrus aurantium, Citrus sinensis) by cold pressing. It can also be isolated by distillation from orange peel. The yield is 0.4 to 0.5%. The major component of this oil is D-limonene (about 90%), the silica further comprising myrcene, α-terpinene, octanal, decane, citral, nonanol, decanol, nerol, farnesol, nerolidol, linalool and α-ter-pineol.

Badian oil is isolated by steam distillation from the seeds of the Illicium verum tree that grows in southern China and southeast Asia. Essential literature indicates the yield of essential oil at the level of 2.5 to 3%. It is an almost colorless liquid with a sweet, typical anethole aroma. The main constituent of badian oil is anethole (up to 90%), with also fellandrene, α-pinene, cadinene, carene, dipentene, p-cymene, α-terpineol and chavicylmethyl ether.

Tea tree oil is obtained from the leaves of the tea tree (Melaleuca altemifolia) by steam distillation. Essentially, essential oils are represented by 1-terpinen-4-ol (44%), γ-terpinene (17.5%) and α-terpinene (7.5%). The α-pinene, limonene, 1,8-cineol, p-cymene, terplnolene, α-terpineol, aromdendrene and two previously undefined sesqiterpenes were also determined by the gas chromatography method.

In connection with the isolation of essential oils from plants by steam distillation, a product is always obtained forming two phases which are separated from one another. At the surface there is a main and specifically lighter oil, the bottom layer being the aqueous phase.

The aqueous phase thus obtained is called the hydrosol, being the corresponding essential oil - essential oil, respectively. an emulsion saturated aqueous solution. Hydrosols are sometimes referred to as hydrates. Since hydrosols - hydrolates always contain a significant proportion of the constituents of the relevant essential oil and also water-soluble biologically active substances which are not present in the essential oil, it is of particular interest to use this component as a water phase source in preparing sting insect repellents. meaning of the solution.

Of the hydrosols - hydrates, the best proved for this purpose was the use of lavender, citrus and clove hydrosol - hydrate.

In the preparation of repellent preparations according to the solution in the form of repellent oils and creams, especially suitable carriers for the active ingredients contained in essential oils - vegetable oils, have been found to be vegetable oils and polyhydric alcohols. By dissolving the essential oils in carriers of the above type, a significant prolongation of their repellent activity is achieved, which is usually one of the main obstacles to their practical application for the intended purpose.

Vegetable oils have been proven in the preparation of products in terms of solutions such as vegetable oil containing soy, olive, sunflower, rapeseed and corn oil. The corn oil used was isolated from the corn germ.

Soybean oil itself has some repellent ability and, together with sunflower and sesame oil, has the highest proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Linoleic acid is the most abundant. Olive, peanut and rapeseed oils, in turn, are characterized by an extremely high proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (up to 80%), with the highest proportion of oleic acid.

Among the polyhydric alcohols, the use of glycerin and propane-1,2-diol, C ₃ H ₈ O ₂ , the so-called C ₃ H ₈ O ₂ , has proved to be particularly suitable for this purpose. propylene glycol. The advantage of their use for their purpose is their minimal health and ecological harmfulness - glycerine and also propylene glycol are widely used not only in cosmetics, pharmacy, but also in the preparation of foodstuffs intended for humans and animals.

Especially if the repellent active essential oils - vegetable oils are required to be incorporated into a cream, it is suitable if the mixture contains, in addition to the other ingredients, stearic acid. In this respect, it has proven to be particularly suitable if palm stearic acid is used as the source of this acid.

Although the use of traditional emulsifiers in the preparation of the compositions of the present invention is not essential, ethoxylated higher alcohols ( _C12 to _C15 ) have proven to be particularly suitable and sufficiently effective in the present systems. These include, for example, ethoxylated alcohols specified under CAS 68439-50-9 (C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ ) or CAS 68131-39-5 (C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ ).

In the preparation of the preparations intended to repel stinging insects in the sense of a solution in their gel form, the choice of the gel-forming additive depends on the substance to form its continuous phase. When the aim is to prepare a gel in an environment of substances dominated by alcohols, it is usually expedient to consider adding additives based on various crosslinked polyacrylic polymers. If, however, a stable gel is to be prepared in which the essence of the continuous phase is to form water, and in addition the preparation should be prepared exclusively on the basis of substances of natural origin, it is usually preferable to choose one of the gelling-forming polysaccharides of natural origin.

Several gelling agents of this type include:

- xanthan gum, sometimes also referred to as tamarind gum, E 415, (C ₃₅ H ₄₉ O ₂ 9) ", CAS: 11138-66-2,

- guar gum derived from guaranu fruit, E 412, CAS: 9000-30-0,

- ghatti gum,

- gum arabic, E 414,

SK 6826 Υ1

- karaya gum, E 416,

- gum tragacanth, E 413,

locust gum, sometimes also referred to as carob gum, E 410, - taragum, E 417.

For example, linear sulphated polysaccharides derived from seaweed (karegenan E 407) or polysaccharides produced by some types of industrially exploited bacteria (e.g. Xanthomonas campestris) have proven suitable in this context. For the purpose of producing the subject gels, for example, xanthan gum is suitable.

EXAMPLES

The examples below illustrate and document the technical solution in question, but do not limit the claims for protection.

Example 1

The preparation of 1 kg of repellent cream according to the solution was carried out as follows.

Weigh into a glass vessel placed in a tempering water bath (temperature: 90 to 100 ° C)

104.8 g beeswax, 188.4 g shea butter, 228.3 g soybean oil and 20.8 g palm stearic acid. The ingredients were melted with occasional mixing to form a clear, homogeneous melt of light yellow color.

A second glass vessel, also placed in a tempering water bath (about 50 ° C), was weighed with 415.7 g of lavender hydrosol, obtained by isolating lavender oil by distilling lavender flowers with steam.

12.5 g of sodium borohydride-borax decahydrate, Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ 10 H ₂ O and 2.3 g of technical triethanolamine (TEA) were added to the hydrosol with stirring. Dissolution of borax gave a clear colorless solution whose pH was 9.6 at 31.7 ° C.

The oil-wax melt as well as the hydrosol solution were heated to the same temperature in a water tempering bath, and after warming to about 50 ° C, the hydrosol solution was poured into the oil-wax melt under vigorous stirring using an immersion mixer. A relatively thin emulsion was thus obtained, to which, with stirring, the following were gradually added:

1.4 g lemon oil (lemongrass oil) obtained from Cymbopogan winterianus,

1.5 g eucalyptus oil (Eucalyptus globulus),

1.4 g of palm oil (Cymbopogon martini),

1.6 g of lemon oil obtained from Cymbopogan citratus,

1.4 g of vetiver oil (Vetiveria zizanoides),

1.5 g lemon oil isolated from Cymbopogan nardus,

1.8 g of basil oil (Ocimum basilicum),

1.5 g of bergamot oil (Citrus bergamia),

1.5 g cedar oil (Juniperus virginiana),

1.5 g of quail oil (Melaleuca lecadendrori),

1.5 g patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablirí) and 10.6 g 99% geranium.

By thoroughly homogenizing the emulsion, an easily spreadable, pleasantly scented cream is obtained after cooling the emulsion. By incorporating the repellent active essential oils into a cream form, and emulsifying them into the wax-oil phase, a long-lasting effect of the sting insect repellent composition thus obtained has been achieved.

Example 2

The preparation of an oil preparation intended to repel stabbing insects according to the solution was carried out by the following in a glass container equipped with a stirrer:

282.6 g virgin olive oil,

286.5 g of corn oil derived from corn germ (characterized by a high content of natural E-vitamin), and 282.4 g of rapeseed oil.

Essential oils - vegetable oils were gradually added to the mixture of vegetable oils, with stirring, in the following order:

30,9 g of lemongrass oil (lemongrass oil) obtained from Cymbopogan winterianus,

10.5 g of palm oil (Cymbopogon martini),

17.6 g basil oil (Ocimum basilicum),

7,5 g lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus),

SK 6826 Υ1

11.0 g of vetiver oil (Vetiveria zizanoides),

14,0 g of clove oil (Eugénia caryophyliata),

16,5 g of lavender oil (Lavandula augustifolia),

6.4 g cinnamon oil (Cinnamonum),

2.0 g peppermint oil (Mentha piperita),

1.4 g of rosemary oil (Rosmarinus officinalis) and 30.7 g of tea tree oil (Melaleuca altemifolia).

By thorough mixing, approximately 1 kg of repellent oil was prepared in the sense of the solution, which was used in the summer as a protective suntan oil, and even in the case of high mosquitoes, it ensured perfect protection against chipping for more than two hours. .

Example 3

In order to obtain a bee repellent composition useful by beekeepers, the following was done.

930 g of propylene glycol (propane-1,2-diol, C ₃ H ₈ O ₂ ) was weighed into a glass vessel equipped with a stirrer and with stirring added:

g of clove oil (Eugénia caryophyllata) and 20 g of cinnamon oil (Cinnammomum zeylanicum).

In this way, 1000 g of a liquid solution concentrate was obtained, which emulsified very well in cold water and was used as a so-called " liquid beekeeper gloves in the form of an aqueous solution (approximately 1: 100 dilution). The prepared aqueous solution was applied by soaking the hands and rubbing the exposed parts of the skin.

Example 4

A preparation for repelling bees of a similar type to that of Example 3 was prepared in a similar manner, only a 5% solution of clove oil in propylene glycol was prepared. Long-term practical use of the preparation by beekeepers has shown that although the preparation was repellent efficiently, its effect was weaker and shorter than that described in the previous example.

Example 5

In order to prolong the repellent effect and to achieve a higher comfort in the application of the preparation according to Example 3, the preparation was carried out according to the following recipe and workflow.

965 g of an electrochemical-derived aqueous colloidal silver dispersion containing 15 mg of Ag in the form of nanoparticles was placed in a plastic container.

Next, 20 g of cloves and cinnamon oil in propylene glycol, as described in Example 3, were added with stirring. In order to obtain a stable gel form, 15 g of xanthan gum powder were added with vigorous mixing of the mixed solution using an immersion mixer. Thorough mixing resulted in a stable bee repellent gel formulation, which was applied by rubbing hands, face, and other exposed parts of the skin after the necessary amount of formulation was extruded from the plastic tube.

Example 6

In order to prepare a composition suitable for finishing fabrics in order to protect their users from insects, the following procedure was followed.

To 918 g of propylene glycol (propane-1,2-diol, C ₃ H ₈ O ₂ ) was added successively with stirring:

g lemon oil (lemongrass essential oil) obtained from Cymbopogan winterianus, g palmarose oil (Cymbopogon martiní), g basil essential oil (Ocimum basilicum), g lemongrass essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus), g vetiverano oil (Vetiveria ziziveria ziziveria ziziveria) (Eugénia caryophyllata), g of lavender oil (Lavandula augustifolia), and 7 g of cinnamon oil (Cinnammomum zeylanicum).

Homogenization of the mixture yielded 1000 g of a solution of said essential oils - vegetable essential oils in propylene glycol, which was added to the last rinse water for washing uppers used for outdoor activities.

Repeated practical verifications have shown that these "finished" fabrics have been repulsive to the otherwise highly aggressive stinging insects.

Example 7

In order to prepare a preparation intended for repelling stinging insects in gel form in the sense of the solution, the procedure was to first prepare a solution concentrate of essential oils - vegetable oils, emulsifiable in water.

To prepare it, a glass vessel equipped with a stirrer was charged with 684.9 g

With stirring, 192.7 g of potassium soap prepared by saponification of rapeseed oil with potassium hydroxide were added. 70.7 g of finely ground natural dammara resin were gradually added to the emulsion thus obtained, with stirring. After dissolution of the resin, 25 g of basil, lemongrass and vetiver oil were added successively. After thorough homogenization, a light yellow, relatively viscous concentrate was obtained.

The preparation of the final repellent formulation was followed by adding 940 g of lavender hydrosol (hydrolate) to a plastic container and adding 45 g of the prepared concentrate and mixing the emulsion with 15 g of powdered xanthan gum under efficient mixing with an immersion mixer.

Stirring gives a stable gel suitable for filling into plastic tubes, suitable for direct application by spreading on the skin.

Industrial usability

The formulations according to the invention are designed to repel stinging insects and are prepared on the basis of natural substances. The source of their repellent activity is essential oils - vegetable oils. Production of the preparations in terms of solution is undemanding and does not require special equipment. The products are friendly to their users as well as the environment. They are applied by spreading on the surface of the skin as an oil, gel or cream, in the form of an aerosol - by spraying the surface to repel insects, or by impregnating the garments.

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

Claims (9)

1. Preparations intended for repelling stinging insects comprising at least one of the essential oils, characterized in that in 00 parts by weight comprise 0.1 to 18 parts by weight of at least one essential oil - essential oil, and 82 to 99.9 parts by weight of water, and / or plant hydrosol so-called. hydrate and / or vegetable oil, and / or beeswax, and / or stearic acid, and / or polyhydric alcohol, and / or any of the vegetable oil and / or sodium tetraborate soaps, and / or ethoxylated alcohol, and / or any of gel-forming substances. Preparations for repelling stinging insects comprising at least one of the essential oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they comprise, as essential oil - vegetable essential oil, basil and / or eucalyptus, and / or citronella, and / or palmarose, and / or vetiver, and / or honeydew, and / or clove, and / or cinnamon, and / or lavender, and / or mint, and / or tea tree, and / or bergamot, and / or rosemary, and / or cedar, and / or patchouli, and / or cayeput, and / or citrus, and / or badian essential oil. Preparations intended for repelling stinging insects comprising at least one of the essential oils according to claim 1, characterized in that, as plant hydrosol, so-called " the hydrate comprises lavender and / or citrus, and / or clove hydrosol hydrate. Preparations for repelling stinging insects comprising at least one of the essential oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they comprise soy and / or olive, and / or sunflower, and / or rapeseed and / or corn oil as vegetable oil. Preparations for stinging insect repellent containing at least one of the essential oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they comprise palm stearic acid as stearic acid. Preparations for repelling stinging insects comprising at least one of the essential oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain propane-1,2-diol, C ₃ H ₈ O ₂ as polyhydric alcohol. Preparations for repelling stinging insects comprising at least one of the essential oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they contain as sap and / or olive, and / or sunflower, and / or rapeseed, and / or corn soap as soap of vegetable oil. oil. Preparations intended for repelling stinging insects comprising at least one of the essential oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they comprise xanthan gum as the gel-forming agent. Preparations for repelling stinging insects comprising at least one of the essential oils according to claim 1, characterized in that they are in the form of a solution, an aqueous emulsion, an oil, a gel or a cream intended for application to the skin surface or to impregnate textile uppers.